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10 pages, 3131 KiB

Open AccessCommunication

Analysis of Electromagnetic–Mechanical Characteristics according to Shaft Materials of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor

by Jeong-In Lee, Young-Cheol Kim, Jang-Young Choi and Han-Wook Cho

Energies 2022, 15(21), 8046; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15218046 - 29 Oct 2022

Viewed by 1410

Abstract

In this paper, an analysis of electromagnetic–mechanical characteristics according to the shaft materials of a permanent magnet synchronous motor was performed. In general, the shaft of an electric motor rotating at high speed uses various materials, considering the mechanical rigidity and electromagnetic characteristics. [...] Read more.

In this paper, an analysis of electromagnetic–mechanical characteristics according to the shaft materials of a permanent magnet synchronous motor was performed. In general, the shaft of an electric motor rotating at high speed uses various materials, considering the mechanical rigidity and electromagnetic characteristics. However, because the material of the shaft has a significant influence on the electromagnetic performance according to the characteristics of the non-magnetic and magnetic materials, electromagnetic characteristics analysis was performed according to the material of the shaft. In addition, because the machine rotating at a high speed entails mechanical problems owing to the centrifugal force, the mechanical stability was secured through critical speed characteristic analysis according to each material after performing the von Mises stress analysis of the permanent magnet and sleeve. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design, Analysis and Control of Permanent Magnet Machines)

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17 pages, 5205 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Modeling and Control of a Hybrid Multi DOF Motor for a Tilted Rotating System

by Hyun-Jong Park and Sung-Chul Go

Energies 2022, 15(19), 7436; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15197436 - 10 Oct 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1465

Abstract

This paper presents the design, modeling, and control of a hybrid multi-degree-of-freedom motor (HMDOF motor) that can be applied to unmanned aerial vehicles, such as drones. The HMDOF motor has a rotating motor and tilting motors separately and enables multi-DOF movement by driving [...] Read more.

This paper presents the design, modeling, and control of a hybrid multi-degree-of-freedom motor (HMDOF motor) that can be applied to unmanned aerial vehicles, such as drones. The HMDOF motor has a rotating motor and tilting motors separately and enables multi-DOF movement by driving each motor. In addition, owing to its structural characteristics, it is designed to allow a 3- or 6-DOF movement in only one motor. In this study, the control performance of an HMDOF motor was verified using simulated and experimental results. The position control performance for the rotation speed of the rotating motor was verified, and the control performance of the motor under the speed of the rotating motor and disturbance on tilting motors were analyzed. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design, Analysis and Control of Permanent Magnet Machines)

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15 pages, 6739 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Research on the Influence of Power-Supply Mode and Copper-Shielding Layer on the Loss of Cryogenic Permanent Magnet Motor for LNG Pump

by Shuqi Liu, Baojun Ge, Dajun Tao, Yue Wang, Peng Hou and Yong Wang

Energies 2022, 15(13), 4822; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15134822 - 01 Jul 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1171

Abstract

In order to study the method for reducing the losses in cryogenic permanent magnet motors for LNG pumps, the design of a submersible cryogenic permanent magnet brushless DC motor is presented in this paper. First, the materials used in the motor were tested [...] Read more.

In order to study the method for reducing the losses in cryogenic permanent magnet motors for LNG pumps, the design of a submersible cryogenic permanent magnet brushless DC motor is presented in this paper. First, the materials used in the motor were tested at room temperature and at a low temperature, and the BH curve and BP curve of the silicon-steel sheet were obtained. Next, DC power supply and PWM power supply were used to analyze the influence of the power-supply mode on the motor loss. Finally, based on the calculation results of the motor loss, the ability of the copper-shielding layer to reduce the motor loss was explored. In the calculation process, the influence of the temperature was considered, and the motor losses at different temperatures were compared and analyzed, which provided a reference for reducing the loss of the cryogenic permanent magnet motor. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design, Analysis and Control of Permanent Magnet Machines)

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15 pages, 4551 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Coupling Analysis of Electromagnetic Vibration and Noise of FeCo-Based Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Motor

by Peng Hou, Baojun Ge, Dajun Tao, Yue Wang and Bo Pan

Energies 2022, 15(11), 3888; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15113888 - 25 May 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1899

Abstract

Addressing the problem of the vibration and noise of a permanent-magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), this paper optimizes the structure of a permanent-magnet motor rotator, introduces the electromagnetic-structure-acoustic coupling calculation model, and optimizes the motor rotator to reduce the vibration and noise of a [...] Read more.

Addressing the problem of the vibration and noise of a permanent-magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), this paper optimizes the structure of a permanent-magnet motor rotator, introduces the electromagnetic-structure-acoustic coupling calculation model, and optimizes the motor rotator to reduce the vibration and noise of a permanent-magnet motor. Using the theory of Maxwell’s stress equation, the radial electromagnetic force on the stator teeth of the permanent-magnet motor is deduced and analyzed, and the correctness of the analysis calculation is verified by using the finite element multi-physical field coupling method. Based on the deduced analytical expression of the radial electromagnetic force, the sources of the radial electromagnetic force for each order and the frequency of the permanent-magnet motor are summarized. A 12-slot, 8-pole, permanent-magnet motor is taken as an example. A calculation model considering the spatial distribution of the radial electromagnetic force and the electromagnetic vibration of an iron-cobalt-based stator is established. The harmonic response of the electromagnetic vibration of the motor is analyzed, and a modal analysis is carried out. The optimized acceleration vibration noise cascade of the FeCo-based permanent-magnet drive motor under load is given. The correctness and validity of the theoretical derivation and simulation are verified by experiments. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design, Analysis and Control of Permanent Magnet Machines)

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13 pages, 5245 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Design and Analysis of Novel Synchronous Motion Technique for a Multi-Module Permanent Magnet Linear Synchronous Motor

by Fugang Zhang, Haibin Yin and Han Zhang

Energies 2022, 15(10), 3617; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15103617 - 15 May 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1409

Abstract

Traditionally, synchronous motion among multi-module permanent magnet linear synchronous motors (PMLSM) has been achieved by adopting independent power supply and control. This method, however, requires multiple drivers and has control time delays. This paper proposes a novel approach to overcome these drawbacks, in [...] Read more.

Traditionally, synchronous motion among multi-module permanent magnet linear synchronous motors (PMLSM) has been achieved by adopting independent power supply and control. This method, however, requires multiple drivers and has control time delays. This paper proposes a novel approach to overcome these drawbacks, in which the windings of each module connect in series. Aiming at this electrical connection, we conduct research on electromagnetic and synchronous characteristics. Firstly, a two-module PMLSM is created as a case. Secondly, accurate mathematical models considering coupling inductance for this novelty structure are established, which are essential to driving control. The synchronous characteristics of the two-module are then compared with the independent control of each module. Furthermore, this comparison is conducted under both external and no external disturbance. Finally, experimental results verify the correctness of mathematical models, and reveal that this novel technique could eliminate control time delay and acquire better anti-disturbance performance between the two-module. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design, Analysis and Control of Permanent Magnet Machines)

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14 pages, 2963 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Flux-Weakening Drive for IPMSM Based on Model Predictive Control

by Yunfei Zhang and Rong Qi

Energies 2022, 15(7), 2543; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15072543 - 30 Mar 2022

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1624

Abstract

This paper presents a flux-weakening model predictive control (FW-MPC) for the interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) drive system. The FW control is a strategy to extend the IPMSM’s operating region. However, the primary FW needs to track the torque reference and maximize [...] Read more.

This paper presents a flux-weakening model predictive control (FW-MPC) for the interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) drive system. The FW control is a strategy to extend the IPMSM’s operating region. However, the primary FW needs to track the torque reference and maximize the electrical torque per current amplitude with the current and voltage limitations. The two objects make it impossible to solve the FW problem using the optimization method. We proposed an equivalent optimization problem to simplify the complex FW problem, including two objective functions. The MPC is selected as the controller due to its high robustness and transient performance. The constraints from the equivalent optimization problem are added in the MPC to control the IPMSM in the FW region. The simulation and experiment results indicate that the proposed FW-MPC is feasible and effective in driving the IPMSM in the FW region. The proposed FW-MPC can find the optimal point with the maximum electrical torque satisfying the current and voltage limitations. Therefore, the proposed FW-MPC can extend the IPMSM’s operating region, benefiting the IPMSM’s application. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design, Analysis and Control of Permanent Magnet Machines)

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15 pages, 11269 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Accurate Calculation of Iron Loss of High-Temperature and High-Speed Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator under the Conditions of SVPWM Modulation

by Liang Zhuo, Du Yang, Ruolan Sun, Lu Sun and Jibin Zou

Energies 2022, 15(7), 2315; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15072315 - 22 Mar 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1447

Abstract

The high-temperature and high-speed permanent magnet synchronous generator (HTHSPMSG) is the core component ensuring the efficient and safe operation of the high-speed aircraft power supply system. At present, the existing iron loss model fails to meet the requirements for the precise calculation of [...] Read more.

The high-temperature and high-speed permanent magnet synchronous generator (HTHSPMSG) is the core component ensuring the efficient and safe operation of the high-speed aircraft power supply system. At present, the existing iron loss model fails to meet the requirements for the precise calculation of the iron loss of HTHSPMSG under high-temperature and high-frequency conditions. In this paper, a 40 kW, 18,000 rpm HTHSPMSG is used to study the accurate calculation of iron loss at an ambient temperature of 350 °C. Considering the influence of high temperature and high frequency on the loss and performance of electromagnetic materials, a test platform for the loss performance of the magnetic core materials is established. Then, according to the loss performance of the electromagnetic material, the corresponding iron loss coefficient is fitted by the variable coefficient iron loss separation model. In addition, the digital twin field-circuit co-simulation method is proposed to guarantee the accuracy of the iron loss calculation. Then, the influence of carrier frequencies and modulation ratios on the iron loss characteristics of the HTHSPMSG under the conditions of SVPWM modulation is studied. Lastly, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by the experimental results, which provide a reference for the accurate analysis of iron loss of the same type of HTHSPMSG. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design, Analysis and Control of Permanent Magnet Machines)

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11 pages, 2762 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Vibration Enhancement or Weakening Effect Caused by Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Radial and Tangential Force Formed by Tooth Harmonics

by Mingchuan Liu, Jibin Zou, Yongxiang Xu, Hua Lan and Guodong Yu

Energies 2022, 15(3), 744; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15030744 - 20 Jan 2022

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1694

Abstract

This paper investigates the vibration enhancement or weakening effect caused by permanent magnet synchronous motor radial and tangential force formed by tooth harmonics. First, the analytical expressions of an air gap magnetic field are deduced based on a permanent magnet synchronous motor model. [...] Read more.

This paper investigates the vibration enhancement or weakening effect caused by permanent magnet synchronous motor radial and tangential force formed by tooth harmonics. First, the analytical expressions of an air gap magnetic field are deduced based on a permanent magnet synchronous motor model. Then, the Maxwell stress tensor method is employed to calculate the radial and tangential force density produced by permanent magnet magnetomotive force harmonics and tooth harmonics. Moreover, the spatial phase difference between the minimum non-zero spatial order radial and tangential force waves under loading operation are also obtained. It is followed by stator vibration deformation induced by radial and tangential force waves, and the vibration enhancement or weakening effect is discussed. This study shows that the tangential force wave has a significant influence on the vibration performance similar to the radial force wave. At specific frequencies, superposition of the radial and tangential force waves can intensify the vibration while weakening each other to reduce the vibration at other specific frequencies. Numerical simulation and a vibration measurement experiment of the prototype motor were carried out to confirm the proposed theory, which can guide motor designers in selecting an appropriate pole and slot combination to apply the weakening effect between radial and tangential force waves and improve PMSM vibration performance. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design, Analysis and Control of Permanent Magnet Machines)

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