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Advanced Battery Technologies for Energy Storage Devices
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Advanced Battery Technologies for Energy Storage Devices

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "D1: Advanced Energy Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2021) | Viewed by 24968

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Young-Jun Kim

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT) & School of Advanced Materials Sciences and Engineering, SungKyunKwan University, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Korea
Interests: lithium-ion battery; redox flow battery; lithium–sulfur battery

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The energy storage system (ESS) is used to balance supply and demand on the electrical grid and is being recognized as a useful device for grids to support energy efficiency using load leveling as well as intermittent sources from wind power or solar power. Key to the current deployment of ESS is the development and economics of rechargeable batteries such as the lithium–ion battery, redox flow battery, and sodium–sulfur battery, et al. Therefore, this issue aims to contribute to the further development of ESS technology through recent scientific and engineering studies to improve the performance and economics of energy-storage devices focusing on rechargeable battery technologies. We therefore invite papers on advanced technical developments, new findings, reviews, case studies, as well as degradation and simulation studies on health of batteries.

Prof. Dr. Young-Jun Kim
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • energy storage
  • rechargeable batteries
  • flow batteries
  • lithium–ion batteries
  • advanced batteries

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 6439 KiB  
Article
State of Charge Estimation of Lithium Battery Based on Improved Correntropy Extended Kalman Filter
by Jiandong Duan, Peng Wang, Wentao Ma, Xinyu Qiu, Xuan Tian and Shuai Fang
Energies 2020, 13(16), 4197; https://doi.org/10.3390/en13164197 - 14 Aug 2020
Cited by 30 | Viewed by 2109
Abstract
State of charge (SOC) estimation plays a crucial role in battery management systems. Among all the existing SOC estimation approaches, the model-driven extended Kalman filter (EKF) has been widely utilized to estimate SOC due to its simple implementation and nonlinear property. However, the [...] Read more.
State of charge (SOC) estimation plays a crucial role in battery management systems. Among all the existing SOC estimation approaches, the model-driven extended Kalman filter (EKF) has been widely utilized to estimate SOC due to its simple implementation and nonlinear property. However, the traditional EKF derived from the mean square error (MSE) loss is sensitive to non-Gaussian noise which especially exists in practice, thus the SOC estimation based on the traditional EKF may result in undesirable performance. Hence, a novel robust EKF method with correntropy loss is employed to perform SOC estimation to improve the accuracy under non-Gaussian environments firstly. Secondly, a novel robust EKF, called C-WLS-EKF, is developed by combining the advantages of correntropy and weighted least squares (WLS) to improve the digital stability of the correntropy EKF (C-EKF). In addition, the convergence of the proposed algorithm is verified by the Cramér–Rao low bound. Finally, a C-WLS-EKF method based on an equivalent circuit model is designed to perform SOC estimation. The experiment results clarify that the SOC estimation error in terms of the MSE via the proposed C-WLS-EKF method can efficiently be reduced from 1.361% to 0.512% under non-Gaussian noise conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Battery Technologies for Energy Storage Devices)
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10 pages, 3549 KiB  
Article
Spherical Sb Core/Nb2O5-C Double-Shell Structured Composite as an Anode Material for Li Secondary Batteries
by Hyungeun Seo, Kyungbae Kim and Jae-Hun Kim
Energies 2020, 13(8), 1999; https://doi.org/10.3390/en13081999 - 17 Apr 2020
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2209
Abstract
Antimony (Sb)-based materials are considered to be attractive for use in Li secondary battery anodes because of their high capacity. However, their huge volume change during Li insertion-extraction cycling limits their cycle performance. The Sb-active material can be combined with intercalation-based active materials [...] Read more.
Antimony (Sb)-based materials are considered to be attractive for use in Li secondary battery anodes because of their high capacity. However, their huge volume change during Li insertion-extraction cycling limits their cycle performance. The Sb-active material can be combined with intercalation-based active materials to address these issues. In this study, spherical Sb core/Nb2O5 shell structured composite materials were synthesized through a simple solvothermal process and a carbon coating was simultaneously added during heat treatment using a naphthalene precursor. The resulting double-shelled materials were characterized with X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and electron microscopy. The electrochemical test results showed that a reversible capacity of more than 450 mAh g−1 was retained after 100 cycles. This improved performance is ascribed to the double-shelled structure. The large volume change of the nano-sized Sb core material was alleviated by the double-shelled structure, which consisted of crystalline orthorhombic Nb2O5 and amorphous carbon. The shell materials also aided rapid charge transport. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Battery Technologies for Energy Storage Devices)
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11 pages, 1604 KiB  
Article
Titanium-Anthraquinone Material as a New Design Approach for Electrodes in Aqueous Rechargeable Batteries
by Franklin D. R. Maharaj and Michael P. Marshak
Energies 2020, 13(7), 1722; https://doi.org/10.3390/en13071722 - 04 Apr 2020
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2957
Abstract
The need for expanded energy storage motivates material development for scalable aqueous secondary batteries. The combination of transition metals with redox-active organics represents a new approach to functional material design. Here, we detail the synthesis of titanium(IV) 1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone (Ti(1,8-DHAQ)2) as a [...] Read more.
The need for expanded energy storage motivates material development for scalable aqueous secondary batteries. The combination of transition metals with redox-active organics represents a new approach to functional material design. Here, we detail the synthesis of titanium(IV) 1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone (Ti(1,8-DHAQ)2) as a novel redox-active material and demonstrate its use as a negative electrode in an aqueous battery. This one-pot synthesis results in amorphous micron-scale particles with titanium binding directly to the carbonyl feature as evidenced by scanning electron microscopy and infrared spectroscopy. When assembled in a coin cell with a lithium manganese oxide positive electrode, the active material can be electrochemically cycled with a charge density of 40 mAh/g at 1.1 V. This represents a new method of creating simple and scalable electrodes using metal-organic materials for versatile energy storage applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Battery Technologies for Energy Storage Devices)
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12 pages, 5713 KiB  
Article
Direct Assessment of Separator Strain in Li-Ion Batteries at the Onset of Mechanically Induced Short Circuit
by Golam Newaz, Sanket Mundhe, Leela Arava, Min Zhu, Omar Faruque and Saeed Barbat
Energies 2020, 13(3), 669; https://doi.org/10.3390/en13030669 - 04 Feb 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3445
Abstract
In the literature, mechanical deformation of Li-ion batteries (LIB) is characterized in terms of global or volumetric strain of the entire cell to develop load vs. strain plots. In characterizing the mechano-electrical–thermal–chemical interaction of the battery in relation to internal short circuit (ISC) [...] Read more.
In the literature, mechanical deformation of Li-ion batteries (LIB) is characterized in terms of global or volumetric strain of the entire cell to develop load vs. strain plots. In characterizing the mechano-electrical–thermal–chemical interaction of the battery in relation to internal short circuit (ISC) due to mechanical load, these estimated strains are “indirect strains” at best. Direct evaluation of “internal local strains” between the layers, particularly, in the first separator layer should be a critical material parameter as it relates to separator rupture and should be the key link in ISC in LIBs. We make an effort to assess “internal local strains” which is not reported elsewhere, first by using the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) approach to use plastic deformation of aluminum casing to “freeze” deformation states of the LIBs followed by microscopy to image undeformed and deformed cells. An image analysis procedure is developed to estimate transverse compression strains in the cells, e.g., in Cu anode, Al cathode, and the polymeric separator. The local strain experienced by the polymeric separator nearest to ball indentation is found to be close to 65–70% and this strain level is much higher than 40–50% maximum average strains estimated for the same sample. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Battery Technologies for Energy Storage Devices)
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18 pages, 4088 KiB  
Article
Thermal Runaway Characteristics of a Large Format Lithium-Ion Battery Module
by Ximing Cheng, Tao Li, Xusong Ruan and Zhenpo Wang
Energies 2019, 12(16), 3099; https://doi.org/10.3390/en12163099 - 12 Aug 2019
Cited by 22 | Viewed by 4564
Abstract
The overheat abuse experiment of a 12S1P 37 Ah prismatic Lithium-ion battery module in a nominal energy of 1.65 kWh is conducted in this work. The cell behaviors and characterization in the process of thermal runaway propagation is investigated, including the gas eruption, [...] Read more.
The overheat abuse experiment of a 12S1P 37 Ah prismatic Lithium-ion battery module in a nominal energy of 1.65 kWh is conducted in this work. The cell behaviors and characterization in the process of thermal runaway propagation is investigated, including the gas eruption, the fire ejection, the flame combustion, the audio features, and the heat transfer, respectively. In the experiment, the central cell is heated on both sides until the pole temperature moves beyond 300 °C, the thermal runaway undergoes about 43 min and propagates from the central to both sides in the module, and all 12 cells burn. Results show that the first three runaway cells spout gas at first, and, then, emit sound with close amplitudes, frequencies, and energies, about 200 s earlier than the fire ejection. Then, the characteristic of the internal short circuit is the temperature rate zone of 1.0 K/s with time greater than 20 s. Moreover, the proposed thermal propagation coefficient is used to assess the thermal propagation capabilities of the runaway cells on their adjacent cells, and this explains the runaway sequence. It is anticipated that the experimental results can provide the deep understanding, thermal runaway warning, and evaluation method for the module safety design. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Battery Technologies for Energy Storage Devices)
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16 pages, 1951 KiB  
Article
Model-Based Condition Monitoring of a Vanadium Redox Flow Battery
by Shujuan Meng, Binyu Xiong and Tuti Mariana Lim
Energies 2019, 12(15), 3005; https://doi.org/10.3390/en12153005 - 03 Aug 2019
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2589
Abstract
The safe, efficient and durable utilization of a vanadium redox flow battery (VRB) requires accurate monitoring of its state of charge (SOC) and capacity decay. This paper focuses on the unbiased model parameter identification and model-based monitoring of both the SOC and capacity [...] Read more.
The safe, efficient and durable utilization of a vanadium redox flow battery (VRB) requires accurate monitoring of its state of charge (SOC) and capacity decay. This paper focuses on the unbiased model parameter identification and model-based monitoring of both the SOC and capacity decay of a VRB. Specifically, a first-order resistor-capacitance (RC) model was used to simulate the dynamics of the VRB. A recursive total least squares (RTLS) method was exploited to attenuate the impact of external disturbances and accurately track the change of model parameters in realtime. The RTLS-based identification method was further integrated with an H-infinity filter (HIF)-based state estimator to monitor the SOC and capacity decay of the VRB in real-time. Experiments were carried out to validate the proposed method. The results suggested that the proposed method can achieve unbiased model parameter identification when unexpected noises corrupt the current and voltage measurements. SOC and capacity decay can also be estimated accurately in real-time without requiring additional open-circuit cells. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Battery Technologies for Energy Storage Devices)
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10 pages, 4801 KiB  
Article
Mechanism of Capacity Fading in the LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 Cathode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries
by Yong-keon Ahn, Yong Nam Jo, Woosuk Cho, Ji-Sang Yu and Ki Jae Kim
Energies 2019, 12(9), 1638; https://doi.org/10.3390/en12091638 - 29 Apr 2019
Cited by 31 | Viewed by 5833
Abstract
Understanding the capacity fading mechanism of the LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM811) cathode materials is crucial for achieving long-lasting lithium-ion batteries with high energy densities. In this study, we investigated the factors affecting the capacity fading of NCM811 during [...] Read more.
Understanding the capacity fading mechanism of the LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM811) cathode materials is crucial for achieving long-lasting lithium-ion batteries with high energy densities. In this study, we investigated the factors affecting the capacity fading of NCM811 during repeated cycling at high temperatures. We found that the change in the c-axis length during charging and discharging is the main cause of the formation and propagation of microcracks in the primary particles of NCM811. In addition, the electrolyte is decomposed on the microcrack surfaces and, consequently, by-products are formed on the particle surface, increasing the impedance and resulting in poor electronic and ionic connectivity between the primary particles of NCM811. In addition, the transition metals in the NCM811 cathode material are dissolved in the electrolyte from the newly formed microcrack surface between primary particles. Therefore, the electrolyte decomposition and transition metal dissolution on the newly formed surface are the major deteriorative effects behind the capacity fading in NCM811. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Battery Technologies for Energy Storage Devices)
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