Computational Thinking and Programming in Early Childhood Education

A special issue of Education Sciences (ISSN 2227-7102). This special issue belongs to the section "Early Childhood Education".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 January 2026 | Viewed by 4220

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
1. FSCH—Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, University of the Azores, 9500-321 Ponta Delgada, Portugal
2. NICA—Interdisciplinary Center for Children and Adolescents, University of the Azores, 9500-321 Ponta Delgada, Portugal
3. CIE—Education Research Center, ISPA—University Institute, 1149-041 Lisboa, Portugal
Interests: computational thinking; educational robotics; early childhood education; literacies
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
1. Department of Education and Distance Learning, Open University, 1000-013 Lisbon, Portugal
2. LE@D—Laboratory of Distance Education and eLearning, Universidade Aberta, 1269-001 Lisboa, Portugal
3. Guest Researcher at the Centre for Research in Education, University of Minho, 4704-553 Braga, Portugal
Interests: computational thinking; programming and educational robotics in early childhood and primary education; teacher training; technologies in education; distance learning

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Guest Editor
1. ESEV—Education School of Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, 3504–501 Viseu, Portugal
2. LE@D—Laboratory of Distance Education and eLearning, Universidade Aberta, 1269-001 Lisboa, Portugal
3. NICA—Interdisciplinary Center for Children and Adolescents, University of the Azores, 9500-321 Ponta Delgada, Portugal
Interests: computational thinking; educational robotics; digital teaching skills; online education; inclusive education

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Early Childhood Education is a particularly rich and important period in children's development and learning. In an increasingly digital and technological society, enabling children to understand and approach the use of technology from an early age is an important step towards building future citizens who are critical, creative, and prepared for the challenges of the 21st century.

In this sense, computational thinking and programming seem to be essential pillars for this education, as they foster the development of multiple and transversal skills, such as solving problems in a logical and structured way or stimulating creativity and innovation, among many other relevant cognitive and socio-emotional processes.

Computational thinking and programming, which often go hand in hand because of their goals and objectives, are fundamental competences not only for the best use of the digital and technological world, but also for everyday life, helping children to approach challenges in an organized, thoughtful, and efficient way.

Moreover, by including the development of these skills in the curriculum of early childhood education, we will also be contributing, from a very early age, to the creation of equal opportunities, ensuring that all children, regardless of their socio-economic background, have access to the tools they need to thrive in a digital world, as well as contributing to a fairer and more developed society.

In this sense, this Special Issue of Education Sciences invites you to submit original research articles and reviews, as well as other manuscript types, that present good practices and research in computational thinking and programming, including educational robotics, related to early childhood education, covering various educational, pedagogical, social, cultural, and/or political aspects.

Dr. Ana Isabel Santos
Dr. Maribel Santos Miranda-Pinto
Dr. Ana Claudia Loureiro
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • early childhood education
  • computational thinking
  • programming
  • educational robotics
  • teacher practices
  • teacher training
  • educational experiences
  • learning environments
  • pedagogical approaches
  • programming and robotics in special educational needs

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

21 pages, 5726 KB  
Article
Embodied and Shared Self-Regulation Through Computational Thinking Among Preschoolers
by X. Christine Wang, Grace Yaxin Xing and Virginia J. Flood
Educ. Sci. 2025, 15(10), 1346; https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci15101346 - 11 Oct 2025
Viewed by 773
Abstract
While existing research highlights a positive association between computational thinking (CT) and self-regulation (SR) skills, limited attention has been given to the embodied and social processes within CT activities that support young children’s executive functions (EFs)—key components of SR. This study investigates how [...] Read more.
While existing research highlights a positive association between computational thinking (CT) and self-regulation (SR) skills, limited attention has been given to the embodied and social processes within CT activities that support young children’s executive functions (EFs)—key components of SR. This study investigates how preschoolers develop basic and higher-order EFs, such as focused attention, inhibitory control, causal reasoning, and problem-solving, through their engagement with a tangible programming toy in teacher-guided small groups in a university-affiliated preschool. Informed by a we-syntonicity framework that integrates Papert’s concepts of body/ego syntonicity and Schutz’s “we-relationship”, we conducted a multimodal microanalysis of video-recorded group sessions. Our analysis focuses on two sessions, the “Obstacle Challenge” and “Conditionals”, featuring four excerpts. Findings reveal that children leverage bodily knowledge and empathy toward the toy—named Rapunzel—to sustain attention, manage impulses, reason about cause-effect, and collaborate on problem-solving. Three agents shape these processes: the toy, fostering collective engagement; the teacher, scaffolding learning and emotional regulation; and the children, coordinating actions and sharing affective responses. These findings challenge traditional views of SR as an individual cognitive activity, framing it instead as an embodied, social, and situated practice. This study underscores the importance of collaborative CT activities in fostering SR during early childhood. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Computational Thinking and Programming in Early Childhood Education)
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22 pages, 4635 KB  
Article
Developing Computational Thinking Abilities in the Early Years Using Guided Play Activities
by Valerie Critten, Hannah Hagon, Sarah Critten and David Messer
Educ. Sci. 2025, 15(10), 1298; https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci15101298 - 1 Oct 2025
Viewed by 660
Abstract
While researchers of children in early years education promote the development of computational thinking (CT) abilities, many teachers are unaware of, or resistant to, the idea of teaching CT to such young children. This study explored the possibility of utilising everyday items and [...] Read more.
While researchers of children in early years education promote the development of computational thinking (CT) abilities, many teachers are unaware of, or resistant to, the idea of teaching CT to such young children. This study explored the possibility of utilising everyday items and topics to develop CT abilities in a class of 24 four-to-five-year-old children. Over six weekly sessions, the children took part in innovative guided play activities integrated with class topics: Celebrations, Forest School and Christmas. Each session consisted of two activities: Task A consisted of deconstructing, evaluating and choosing equipment or items, and Task B consisted of sequencing and debugging the order of the activity, e.g., wrapping a birthday present. Two methods of assessment were utilised: quantitative where children were asked to do simple pencil and paper tasks and the sequencing or placement of pictures to record their accuracy; and qualitative where children were individually asked to explain their results. The findings indicate progress was made in task performance and the development of children’s logical reasoning and thinking abilities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Computational Thinking and Programming in Early Childhood Education)
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