Design and Flight Control of Low-Speed Near-Space Unmanned Systems: 2nd Edition

A Special Issue of Drones (ISSN 2504-446X) belonging to the section "Drone Design and Development".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 October 2026 | Viewed by 1355

Editors


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Guest Editor
Institute of Unmanned System, Beihang University, Beijing, China
Interests: solar unmanned aerial vehicles; unmanned aerial vehicle structure optimization; stratospheric drone
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
College of Aerospace Science and Engineering,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410073,China
Interests: aircraft design; aircraft control; stratospheric airship control; formation control
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
nstitute of Unmanned Systems, Beihang University, Beijing, China
Interests: flight control; unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Near-space is a new type of strategic space, offering significant advantages for diverse applications such as surveillance, communication, and scientific research. As an ideal platform for exploring and exploiting this space, technologies such as stratospheric airships and high-altitude solar drones are rapidly advancing. With the maturation of high-altitude platform technology, the demand for practicality is increasing, and related industries are gradually emerging with huge market space. High-altitude platforms can be widely used in communication coverage, remote sensing applications, environmental monitoring, aviation support, and other fields. A crucial research challenge lies in designing unmanned flying platforms that can maintain accurate and stable flight within the harsh and unpredictable near-space environment. While solar panels, advanced battery systems, and onboard intelligent energy management ensure sustainable operation of HAPS, balancing the energy demands of flight and communications remains a significant challenge.

This Special Issue will publish cutting-edge research results on the design and flight control of near-space low-speed aircraft, a rapidly evolving and highly significant area within the broader field of drone technology. It will contribute to the development of innovative UAV technologies and their successful application within the emerging near-space domain.

We welcome submissions that provide the community with the latest progress on near-space low-speed aircraft, including, but not limited to, the following:

  • Review of research progress of near-space low-speed unmanned aircraft;
  • Overall design technology of near-space low-speed unmanned aircraft;
  • High-performance materials and structural design of near-space low-speed unmanned aircraft;
  • Energy system design and energy management of near-space low-speed unmanned aircraft;
  • Flight planning and flight control of near-space low-speed unmanned aircraft;
  • Collaborative control of near-space low-speed unmanned aircraft clusters;
  • Prognostics and health management of near-space low-speed unmanned aircraft;
  • Thermal management of near-space low-speed unmanned aircraft;
  • Intelligent application of near-space low-speed unmanned aircraft.

Prof. Dr. Ming Zhu
Dr. Xixiang Yang
Dr. Tian Chen
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • near-space
  • high-altitude platform station
  • solar-powered unmanned systems
  • overall design of aircraft
  • flight control
  • solar energy cycle system
  • ultra-light construction
  • near-space low-speed unmanned aircraft.

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

30 pages, 5726 KB  
Article
An Energy-Balance Simulation Framework for Solar-Powered UAVs: A Curved-Wing Photovoltaic Collection Model and Validation on a HAPS Demonstrator
by Robert Dianovský, Pavol Pecho, Andrej Novák and Martin Bugaj
Drones 2026, 10(7), 510; https://doi.org/10.3390/drones10070510 - 4 Jul 2026
Viewed by 941
Abstract
Stratospheric solar-powered unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), commonly operated as High-Altitude Pseudo-Satellites (HAPS), promise satellite-like persistence for Earth observation, communications and remote sensing, but their feasibility is governed by a tight coupling between solar energy availability and onboard energy demand. This study presents an [...] Read more.
Stratospheric solar-powered unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), commonly operated as High-Altitude Pseudo-Satellites (HAPS), promise satellite-like persistence for Earth observation, communications and remote sensing, but their feasibility is governed by a tight coupling between solar energy availability and onboard energy demand. This study presents an energy-balance simulation framework that predicts the diurnal charge–discharge behaviour and endurance of solar-powered UAVs. The framework couples a physics-based environmental irradiance model—astronomical solar position, an air-mass and pressure-scaled broadband atmospheric transmission and an eccentricity-corrected extraterrestrial irradiance—with a wing-geometry photovoltaic collection model that reduces the airfoil camber, planform, dihedral and cell layout of a real wing to three scalar coefficients, replacing the flat-plate assumption common in solar-UAV sizing. The closed-form collection coefficient captures the full dependence of collected power on sun position and aircraft heading and admits an exact orbit-averaging result for circular loiter. The model is implemented as a reproducible, modular tool with single-day, annual and global analysis modes. It is validated against a ground-based photovoltaic charging campaign conducted on the as-built Aurora solar UAV demonstrator (5.6 m span, 8 kg) over three clear-sky days spanning a 90-day seasonal range: predicted and measured wing-collected power agree with a Pearson correlation of 0.998, a coefficient of determination of 0.993, an RMS error of 6.0% and a daily-energy agreement within 3.5%. A structured residual identifies an unmodelled photovoltaic temperature effect bounded at the 6% level. The framework provides HAPS designers and operators with a transparent, validated tool for feasibility screening, component selection and mission planning across latitude and season. Full article
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