Gynecologic & Reproductive Health Assessment: Advances in Diagnosis and Screening

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Medical Imaging and Theranostics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2024) | Viewed by 7277

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
1. Department of Gynecology with Center for Oncological Surgery, Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
2. Berlin Institute of Health, Virchow Campus Clinic, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Germany
Interests: gynecologic oncology; minimally invasive surgical techniques; reproductive endocrinology; early disease detection and screening methodologies
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Guest Editor
1. Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Surgical Oncology Directorate, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, Westminster Bridge Road, London SE1 7EH, UK
2. Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine at Guy’s, The School of Life Course Sciences, King’s College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK
Interests: ultrasonography; gynecological cancer; radical and supraradical surgery for gynae cancer; robotics and minimal-access surgery
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The impact of screening and diagnostics in gynecology and reproductive health is paramount. This includes issues ranging from fertility to early cancer detection.

This Special Issue aims to compile cutting-edge research that enhances our understanding of diagnosis and screening within the field. Our goal is to bring together a collection of articles that reflect diagnostics in gynecology and reproductive health assessments and underscore the latest diagnostic and screening procedures for the early detection of gynecological pathologies. Your articles should provide comprehensive insights into the current challenges and future prospects within this field.

We welcome original research articles and reviews covering novel diagnostic tools, such as imaging, tumor markers, metabolomics, and screening strategies in gynecology and reproductive medicine. These research papers can reflect interdisciplinary findings that enhance the diagnostic accuracy and patients’ outcomes.

We are eager to review your contributions.

Prof. Dr. Zelal M. Muallem
Dr. Ahmad Sayasneh
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • gynecological examination
  • reproductive techniques
  • diagnostic
  • early detection of cancer
  • ultrasonography
  • HPV DNA tests
  • magnetic resonance imaging
  • biomarkers

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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13 pages, 2523 KiB  
Article
Enhanced Non-Invasive Diagnosis of Female Urinary Incontinence Using Static and Functional Transperineal Ultrasonography
by Milosz Pietrus, Kazimierz Pityński, Maciej W. Socha, Iwona Gawron, Robert Biskupski-Brawura-Samaha and Marcin Waligóra
Diagnostics 2024, 14(22), 2549; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14222549 - 14 Nov 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1172
Abstract
Background/Objectives: To investigate the utility of transperineal ultrasound in detecting stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and identify optimal anatomical and functional parameters. Methods: Thirty-four women presenting with SUI with or without pelvic organ prolapse between 2012 and 2016 were studied. The control [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: To investigate the utility of transperineal ultrasound in detecting stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and identify optimal anatomical and functional parameters. Methods: Thirty-four women presenting with SUI with or without pelvic organ prolapse between 2012 and 2016 were studied. The control group included patients without SUI who underwent surgery for mild gynecologic disorders or pelvic organ prolapse. The relationship between selected ultrasound parameters and SUI was determined. Results: Among the 20 variables measured in ultrasonography using 4 angles and the bladder–symphysis distance (BSD) values, we found that the difference in the BSD obtained at rest and during the Valsalva maneuver (odds ratio [OR]: 1.15, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05–1.27, p = 0.004), the mean urethral diameter (UD; OR: 4.29, 95% CI: 2.07–8.83, p = 0.0001), and the occurrence of the funneling sign during the Valsalva maneuver (OR: 21; 95% CI: 6.1–71.9, p < 0.0001) were associated with urinary incontinence in the logistic regression analysis. The optimal cut-off point for BSD was >8 mm (area under the curve (AUC), 0.71; sensitivity, 91.2%; specificity, 56.8%; p = 0.001) and that for UD was >6 mm (AUC, 0.84; sensitivity, 82.1%; specificity, 73%; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Transperineal ultrasonography is a useful tool for detecting SUI. Our findings highlighted the utility of several sonographic parameters, mainly the urethral diameter, in the diagnosis of urinary incontinence. Full article
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10 pages, 697 KiB  
Article
Adnexal Masses in Pregnancy: A Single-Centre Prospective Observational Cohort Study
by Jonathan Gaughran, Catherine Magee, Sian Mitchell, Caroline L. Knight and Ahmad Sayasneh
Diagnostics 2024, 14(19), 2182; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14192182 - 30 Sep 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 4569
Abstract
Objective: To prospectively determine the nature of adnexal masses diagnosed during pregnancy and investigate whether ultrasound was a reliable means of assessing these. Methods: A single-centre prospective observational cohort study was conducted in a large tertiary referral hospital in London. Pregnant women with [...] Read more.
Objective: To prospectively determine the nature of adnexal masses diagnosed during pregnancy and investigate whether ultrasound was a reliable means of assessing these. Methods: A single-centre prospective observational cohort study was conducted in a large tertiary referral hospital in London. Pregnant women with an adnexal mass detected at or prior to the 12-week routine ultrasound received a detailed ultrasound by a level II ultrasound practitioner at the time of detection; at 12 weeks; 20 weeks; and 6 weeks postpartum. The following outcomes were recorded: subjective impression of the mass; International Ovarian Tumor Analysis simple rules classification; resolution and intervention rate; and the incidence of complications related to the mass. Results: A total of 28,683 pregnant patients were scanned and an adnexal masses was detected in 277 patients, yielding an incidence of 1%. 274 participants were included in the analysis. Subjective impression was as follows: simple 75.9%; dermoid 29.1%; endometrioma 6.6%; haemorrhagic 3.3%; para-ovarian 2.6%; torted simple 0.7%; decidualized endometrioma 0.4%; fibroma 0.4%; theca luteal 0.4%; and borderline ovarian tumour: 0.7%. There was a significant reduction in the volume at each scan (p < 0.0001). Approximately 74.2% of the masses resolved spontaneously. Surgery was performed in 14/274: 2 antenatally, 6 at caesarean section, and 6 postpartum. In 5/247 (2%), there were complications due to the mass. Using IOTA simple rules, 272/274 (99.3%) (p < 0.0001) were classifiable. Only 1/274 (0.4%) had malignant features as per IOTA (p = 0.05). As there were no confirmed malignancies, the accuracy of IOTA simple rules could not be calculated. Conclusions: Adnexal masses in pregnancy are uncommon and the majority spontaneously resolve. Malignancy is rare, as are complications. In the absence of concerns regarding malignancy or cyst accident, there is no need for additional monitoring of these masses during pregnancy. Full article
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7 pages, 18691 KiB  
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Is Hysteroscopic Metroplasty Advisable for U2bC2V1 Malformation?
by Iulian Gabriel Goidescu, Adelina Staicu, Alexandra-Andreea Poienar, Mihai Surcel, Romeo Micu, Dan Boitor Borza and Daniel Muresan
Diagnostics 2024, 14(15), 1649; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14151649 - 30 Jul 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1032 | Correction
Abstract
A complete uterine septum, with a double cervix and vaginal septum, is a complex and rare congenital genital tract anomaly. The diagnosis is difficult and often challenging, requiring complex imaging investigations and diagnostic hysteroscopy. The benefit of hysteroscopic metroplasty for this uterine malformation [...] Read more.
A complete uterine septum, with a double cervix and vaginal septum, is a complex and rare congenital genital tract anomaly. The diagnosis is difficult and often challenging, requiring complex imaging investigations and diagnostic hysteroscopy. The benefit of hysteroscopic metroplasty for this uterine malformation is still the subject of dispute. However, the potential benefits of obtaining pregnancies and reducing the rate of abortions make this surgical method a desirable one. We present a series of three cases with U2bC2V1 malformation that were diagnosed via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), in which hysteroscopic removal of the uterine septum and resection of the longitudinal vaginal septum were performed, with the preservation of the two cervixes. All patients became pregnant after the hysteroscopic intervention and reported an improvement in dyspareunia and dysmenorrhea. Full article
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