Allergy and Asthma: Clinical Diagnostics and Management

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2026 | Viewed by 2558

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
Interests: severe and allergic asthma; COPD; emphysema; clinical immunology and allergology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Allergy and asthma continue to represent major global health challenges, driven by rising prevalence, increasing environmental pressures, and substantial disease burden across all age groups. Despite advances in diagnostic methodologies and targeted therapies, many patients still experience persistent symptoms, exacerbations, and impaired quality of life. In recent years, rapid developments in immunology, molecular diagnostics, and precision medicine have reshaped our understanding of airway inflammation, endotypes, and comorbidities. These scientific gains offer powerful opportunities to refine diagnostic algorithms, personalise treatment choices, and improve long-term clinical outcomes.

This Special Issue, “Allergy and Asthma: Clinical Diagnostics and Management,” brings together cutting-edge research, expert reviews, and real-world insights to address the evolving landscape of these complex conditions. We aim to highlight novel biomarkers, innovative diagnostic tools, and emerging therapeutic strategies—including biologics, digital health solutions, and multidisciplinary care models. By integrating translational science with clinical practice, this issue seeks to advance evidence-based approaches and underscore the importance of early recognition, accurate phenotyping, and holistic patient-centred management.

We hope that the contributions in this collection will inspire further research, foster international collaboration, and ultimately support clinicians in delivering more precise and effective care for individuals living with allergy and asthma.

Dr. Askin Gulsen
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • allergy
  • asthma
  • precision medicine
  • biomarkers
  • airway inflammation
  • clinical diagnostics
  • biologic therapies
  • phenotyping
  • disease management
  • immunology

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

12 pages, 592 KB  
Review
Pistachio Allergy: Integrating Molecular Diagnostics and Clinical Phenotypes
by Julia Tworowska, Ola Sobieska-Poszwa and Agnieszka Kowalczyk
Diagnostics 2026, 16(4), 513; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics16040513 - 9 Feb 2026
Viewed by 2364
Abstract
Background: Pistachio allergy is an increasingly recognized form of tree nut allergy and is strongly associated with cashew allergy due to pronounced molecular cross-reactivity. Despite its relatively low prevalence in the general population, pistachio allergy may result in severe systemic reactions and represents [...] Read more.
Background: Pistachio allergy is an increasingly recognized form of tree nut allergy and is strongly associated with cashew allergy due to pronounced molecular cross-reactivity. Despite its relatively low prevalence in the general population, pistachio allergy may result in severe systemic reactions and represents a significant diagnostic challenge, particularly in polysensitized patients. Objective: This narrative review aims to critically evaluate current diagnostic approaches to pistachio allergy, with a focus on molecular allergen components, mechanisms of cross-reactivity, clinical phenotypes, and the added value of advanced diagnostic tools for risk stratification. Methods: A narrative synthesis of the literature was conducted, integrating data from population-based studies, clinical cohorts, component-resolved diagnostics, basophil activation testing, and oral food challenge studies. Emphasis was placed on the diagnostic performance and clinical utility of extract-based versus molecular and functional assays. Results: Pistachio allergy is predominantly associated with sensitization to seed storage proteins, including 2S albumins, 7S vicilins, and 11S legumins, which share high sequence and structural homology with corresponding cashew allergens. This molecular relationship underlies frequent co-sensitization and clinical co-reactivity. Conventional extract-based tests show limited specificity, whereas component-resolved diagnostics and functional assays improve diagnostic precision, facilitate phenotype-based risk stratification, and may reduce the need for oral food challenges in selected patients. Conclusions: Accurate diagnosis of pistachio allergy requires an integrated approach combining clinical history with molecular and functional diagnostics. Incorporation of component-resolved diagnostics and basophil activation testing into diagnostic algorithms allows improved differentiation between asymptomatic sensitization and clinically relevant allergy, supporting individualized patient management and safer clinical decision-making. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Allergy and Asthma: Clinical Diagnostics and Management)
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