Advances in Biomarkers for Stroke

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2022) | Viewed by 3952

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Pockit Diagnostics Ltd., Cambridge CB4 2HY, UK
Interests: stroke; diagnostics; mass spectrometry; liquid chromatography; sample preparation; cancer biology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Stroke affects 14 million people worldwide every year. It is the third leading global cause of death, and the first cause of physical disability worldwide. Due to the aging of the global population, stroke cases are predicted to increase dramatically in the next decade. In addition, the association between stroke risk and infection with SARS-CoV-2 suggests that stroke incidence could increase even more steeply than currently foreseen.

Tools for risk prediction, early diagnosis, stratification for treatment, and prognosis are fundamental to reduce stroke incidence, facilitate patient management and treatment response, and ultimately improve patient outcome.

Diagnosis of stroke is primarily based on brain imaging, interpretation of patient symptoms, and analysis of clinical information. With stroke presentations ranging from ischemic stroke to hemorrhagic stroke and a plethora of stroke-mimicking conditions, clinicians face a highly challenging diagnostic scenario.

Thanks to the advances in the molecular and pathophysiological understanding of the disease, together with the rise in novel technologies for disease investigation, the use of biomarkers has attracted a great deal of attention in the development of novel approaches to the detection, stratification, and prognosis of stroke patients. This Special Issue will address the current advances in biomarkers for stroke.

Dr. Edoardo Gaude
Guest Editor

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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16 pages, 2236 KiB  
Article
Metabolomic Profiles of Men and Women Ischemic Stroke Patients
by Nicolas Poupore, Renee Chosed, Sergio Arce, Robert Rainer, Richard L. Goodwin and Thomas I. Nathaniel
Diagnostics 2021, 11(10), 1786; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11101786 - 28 Sep 2021
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 3171
Abstract
Background: Stroke is known to affect both men and women; however, incidence and outcomes differ between them. Therefore, the discovery of novel, sex-specific, blood-based biomarkers for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients has the potential to enhance the understanding of the etiology of this [...] Read more.
Background: Stroke is known to affect both men and women; however, incidence and outcomes differ between them. Therefore, the discovery of novel, sex-specific, blood-based biomarkers for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients has the potential to enhance the understanding of the etiology of this deadly disease in the content of sex. The objective of this study was to identify serum metabolites associated with male and female AIS patients. Methods: Metabolites were measured with the use of untargeted, reverse-phase ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry quantification from blood specimens collected from AIS patients. Samples were collected from 36 patients comprising each of 18 men and women with matched controls. Metabolic pathway analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) was used to differentiate metabolite profiles for male and female AIS patients from the control, while logistic regression was used to determine differences in metabolites between male and female AIS patients. Results: In female AIS patients, 14 distinct altered metabolic pathways and 49 corresponding metabolites were identified, while 39 metabolites and 5 metabolic pathways were identified in male patients. Metabolites that are predictive of ischemic stroke in female patients were 1-(1-enyl-palmitoyl)-2-arachidonoyl-GPC (P-16:0/20:4) (AUC = 0.914, 0.765–1.000), 1-(1-enyl-palmitoyl)-2-palmitoyl-GPC (P-16:0/16:0) (AUC = 0.840, 0.656–1.000), and 5,6-dihydrouracil (P-16:0/20:2) (AUC = 0.815, 0.601–1.000). Significant metabolites that were predictive of stroke in male patients were 5alpha-androstan-3alpha,17beta-diol disulfate (AUC = 0.951, 0.857–1.000), alpha-hydroxyisocaproate (AUC = 0.938, 0.832–1.000), threonate (AUC = 0.877, 0.716–1.000), and bilirubin (AUC = 0.817, 0.746–1.000). Conclusions: In the current study, the untargeted serum metabolomics platform identified multiple pathways and metabolites associated with male and female AIS patients. Further research is necessary to characterize how these metabolites are associated with the pathophysiology in male and female AIS patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Biomarkers for Stroke)
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