Biomedical Optics: From Technologies to Applications
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Editor
Topical Collection Information
Dear Colleagues,
Biomedical optics plays an increasingly important role in both preclinical research and clinical applications. Many biomedical optics techniques have become indispensable in biomedical research and everyday clinical applications. For example, fluorescence microscopy and confocal microscopy are already necessary infrastructure for all biological labs; different types of endoscopies have been widely used in routine medical checks; optical coherence tomography has become the standard diagnostic tool for many ophthalmological pathologies; and nonlinear optics, such as multi-photon microscopy, has attracted a lot of attention with its potential to answer challenging medical questions.
This Special Issue aims to publish select articles covering a wide range of biomedical optics, from technologies to applications. The following specific biomedical optics techniques are of utmost interest:
- Optical coherence tomography;
- Photoacoustic imaging;
- Diffuse optics;
- Multi-photon microscopy;
- Light-sheet microscopy.
Original research articles submitted to this Special Issue should either focus on novel technical advancements in both hardware and software or have interesting and meaningful preclinical or clinical applications. Review articles are also welcome, but they need to be unique in their perspective.
Dr. Mengyang Liu
Guest Editor
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Keywords
- optical coherence tomography
- photoacoustic imaging
- diffuse optics
- multi-photon microscopy
- light-sheet microscopy
Published Papers (2 papers)
2025
Open AccessSystematic Review
Radiofrequency Echographic Multi Spectrometry—A Novel Tool in the Diagnosis of Osteoporosis and Prediction of Fragility Fractures: A Systematic Review
by
Elena Icătoiu, Andreea-Iulia Vlădulescu-Trandafir, Laura-Maria Groșeanu, Florian Berghea, Claudia-Oana Cobilinschi, Claudia-Gabriela Potcovaru, Andra-Rodica Bălănescu and Violeta-Claudia Bojincă
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Abstract
Background/Objectives: Given the significant economic and social burden of osteoporosis, there is growing interest in developing an efficient alternative to the traditional dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Radiofrequency Echographic Multi Spectrometry (REMS) is an innovative, non-ionizing imaging technique that recently emerged as a viable
[...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Given the significant economic and social burden of osteoporosis, there is growing interest in developing an efficient alternative to the traditional dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Radiofrequency Echographic Multi Spectrometry (REMS) is an innovative, non-ionizing imaging technique that recently emerged as a viable tool to diagnose osteoporosis and estimate the fragility fracture risk. Nevertheless, its clinical use is still limited due to its novelty and continuing uncertainty of long-term performance.
Methods: In order to evaluate the accuracy of the REMS, a systematic review of the English-language literature was conducted. Three databases were searched for relevant publications from 1 January 2015 until 1 December 2024 using the keyword combinations “(radiofrequency echographic multi spectrometry OR REMS) AND (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry OR DXA)”. The initial search yielded 602 candidate articles. After screening the titles and abstracts following the eligibility criteria, 17 publications remained for full-text evaluation.
Results: The reviewed studies demonstrated strong diagnostic agreement between REMS and DXA. Additionally, REMS showed enhanced diagnostic capabilities in cases where lumbar bone mineral density measurements by DXA were impaired by artifacts such as vertebral fractures, deformities, osteoarthritis, or vascular calcifications. REMS exhibited excellent intra-operator repeatability and precision, comparable to or exceeding the reported performance of DXA. The fragility score (FS), a parameter reflecting bone quality and structural integrity, effectively discriminated between fractured and non-fractured patients. Moreover, REMS proved to be a radiation-free option for bone health monitoring in radiation-sensitive populations or patients requiring frequent imaging to assess fracture risk.
Conclusions: This current study underscores the robustness of REMS as a reliable method for diagnosing and monitoring osteoporosis and evaluating bone fragility via the FS. It also identifies critical knowledge gaps and emphasizes the need for further prospective studies to validate and expand the clinical applications of REMS across diverse patient populations.
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Open AccessArticle
Diagnostic Accuracy of Detective Flow Imaging Endoscopic Ultrasonography for Evaluating Blood Flow Within Mural Nodules of Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms
by
Kazuki Endo, Haruo Miwa, Kazuya Sugimori, Kozue Shibasaki, Shoichiro Yonei, Yugo Ishino, Shotaro Tsunoda, Hayato Yoshimura, Akihiro Funaoka, Hiromi Tsuchiya, Ritsuko Oishi, Yuichi Suzuki, Satoshi Komiyama, Takashi Kaneko, Manabu Morimoto, Kazushi Numata and Shin Maeda
Viewed by 694
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Detective flow imaging (DFI) endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) can identify the microvascular flow imaging of a mural nodule (MN) in an intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) without the use of contrast agents. This retrospective study evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of DFI-EUS and its
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Background/Objectives: Detective flow imaging (DFI) endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) can identify the microvascular flow imaging of a mural nodule (MN) in an intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) without the use of contrast agents. This retrospective study evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of DFI-EUS and its ability to evaluate the blood flow of MNs in IPMNs.
Methods: Between April 2021 and September 2023, 68 patients with MNs in IPMNs observed on EUS images were retrospectively analyzed. Both DFI-EUS and contrast-enhanced EUS (CE-EUS) were performed during the same session. Three expert endosonographers blinded to the patients’ clinical data assessed the MN images obtained with CE-EUS and DFI-EUS. First, DFI-EUS images were evaluated using a predefined scoring system; thereafter, CE-EUS images were evaluated. The diagnostic capability of DFI-EUS to detect MN blood flow was assessed with CE-EUS as the gold standard. Secondary outcomes included inter-reader agreement, the correlation between MN size and detection rates, and the association between DFI blood flow signal patterns and malignancy of MNs in surgically resected cases.
Results: CE-EUS showed a contrast effect in the MN in 24 cases. Among these, DFI-EUS detected blood flow signals in 20 cases; false-positive results were not observed. DFI-EUS demonstrated a sensitivity of 83%, specificity of 100%, and accuracy of 93% for detecting MN blood flow. Inter-reader agreement was substantial (kappa values, 0.6–0.8). The subgroup analysis revealed that all MNs ≥ 10 mm had detectable blood flow on DFI-EUS, whereas MNs < 10 mm had reduced detection rates (75%; 12/16 cases). No significant correlation between the DFI blood flow signal patterns and MN malignancy of resected cases was observed.
Conclusions: DFI-EUS demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy for detecting MN blood flow. Because of its simplicity and cost-effectiveness, DFI-EUS could be an alternative to CE-EUS for patients with MNs inside IPMNs.
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