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Diagnostics
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Clinical Diagnostics, Biomarkers and Pathology in Parkinson's Disease
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Clinical Diagnostics, Biomarkers and Pathology in Parkinson's Disease

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (18 November 2022) | Viewed by 8483

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Diego Santos-García

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario de A Coruña (HUAC), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), C/As Xubias 84, 15006 A Coruña, Spain
Interests: movement disorders; Parkinson’s disease; neurodegenerative diseases; biomarkers
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleague,

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex progressive neurodegenerative disorder causing motor and non-motor symptoms that result in disability, loss of patient autonomy, and caregiver burden. The correct diagnosis of PD is important for prognostic and therapeutic reasons and is essential for clinical research. Although there is no specific diagnostic marker of PD at present, ongoing research aims to develop diagnostic biomarkers for use in the clinical and preclinical stages of PD. This issue try to summarize the most recent advances in “Clinical Diagnostics, Biomarkers and Pathology in Parkinson's Disease”.

Studies focused on identifying diagnostic markers (clinical, neuroimaging, molecular, genetic, pathological, etc.) of PD or that allow identifying or predicting the development of PD-related complications (cognitive impairment, dementia, psychosis, impulse control disorders, freezing of gait, etc.) are considered of interest.

I hope this Special Issue is of interest to you and I encourage you to contribute with a manuscript. Many thanks in advanced.

Dr. Diego Santos-García
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diagnostics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Biomarkers
  • Clinical
  • Diagnosis
  • Parkinson's disease
  • Pathology

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 3281 KiB  
Article
Parkinson’s Disease Symptoms Associated with Developing On-State Axial Symptoms Early after Subthalamic Deep Brain Stimulation
by Gustavo Fernández-Pajarín, Ángel Sesar, José Luis Relova, Begoña Ares, Isabel Jiménez, Miguel Gelabert-González, Eduardo Arán and Alfonso Castro
Diagnostics 2022, 12(4), 1001; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12041001 - 15 Apr 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1782
Abstract
Background: The relationship between axial symptoms in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and subthalamic deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) is still unclear. Purpose: We searched for particular clinical characteristics before STN-DBS linked to on-state axial problems after surgery. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed baseline motor, emotional and [...] Read more.
Background: The relationship between axial symptoms in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and subthalamic deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) is still unclear. Purpose: We searched for particular clinical characteristics before STN-DBS linked to on-state axial problems after surgery. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed baseline motor, emotional and cognitive features from PD patients with early axial symptoms (within 4 years after STN-DBS) and late axial symptoms (after 4 years). We also considered a group of PD patients without axial symptoms for at least 4 years after surgery. Results: At baseline, early-axial PD patients (n = 28) had a higher on-state Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale III (15.0 ± 5.6 to 11.6 ± 6.2, p = 0.020), higher axial score (2.4 ± 1.8 to 0.7 ± 1.0, p < 0.001) and worse dopaminergic response (0.62 ± 0.12 to 0.70 ± 0.11, p = 0.005), than non-axial PD patients (n = 51). Early-axial PD patients had short-term recall impairment, not seen in non-axial PD (36.3 ± 7.6 to 40.3 ± 9.3, p = 0.041). These variables were similar between late-axial PD (n = 18) and non-axial PD, but late-axial PD showed worse frontal dysfunction. Conclusions: PD patients with early axial symptoms after DBS may have a significantly worse presurgical motor phenotype, poorer dopaminergic response and memory impairment. This may correspond to a more severe form of PD. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Diagnostics, Biomarkers and Pathology in Parkinson's Disease)
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14 pages, 3028 KiB  
Article
MNCD: A New Tool for Classifying Parkinson’s Disease in Daily Clinical Practice
by Diego Santos García, María Álvarez Sauco, Matilde Calopa, Fátima Carrillo, Francisco Escamilla Sevilla, Eric Freire, Rocío García Ramos, Jaime Kulisevsky, Juan Carlos Gómez Esteban, Inés Legarda, María Rosario Isabel Luquín, Juan Carlos Martínez Castrillo, Pablo Martínez-Martin, Irene Martínez-Torres, Pablo Mir and Ángel Sesar Ignacio
Diagnostics 2022, 12(1), 55; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12010055 - 28 Dec 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2854
Abstract
Background and objective: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a clinically heterogeneous disorder in which the symptoms and prognosis can be very different among patients. We propose a new simple classification to identify key symptoms and staging in PD. Patients and Methods: Sixteen [...] Read more.
Background and objective: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a clinically heterogeneous disorder in which the symptoms and prognosis can be very different among patients. We propose a new simple classification to identify key symptoms and staging in PD. Patients and Methods: Sixteen movement disorders specialists from Spain participated in this project. The classification was consensually approved after a discussion and review process from June to October 2021. The TNM classification and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) were considered as models in the design. Results: The classification was named MNCD and included 4 major axes: (1) motor symptoms; (2) non-motor symptoms; (3) cognition; (4) dependency for activities of daily living (ADL). Motor axis included 4 sub-axes: (1) motor fluctuations; (2) dyskinesia; (3) axial symptoms; (4) tremor. Four other sub-axes were included in the non-motor axis: (1) neuropsychiatric symptoms; (2) autonomic dysfunction; (3) sleep disturbances and fatigue; (4) pain and sensory disorders. According to the MNCD, 5 stages were considered, from stage 1 (no disabling motor or non-motor symptoms with normal cognition and independency for ADL) to 5 (dementia and dependency for basic ADL). Conclusions: A new simple classification of PD is proposed. The MNCD classification includes 4 major axes and 5 stages to identify key symptoms and monitor the evolution of the disease in patients with PD. It is necessary to apply this proof of concept in a properly designed study. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Diagnostics, Biomarkers and Pathology in Parkinson's Disease)
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26 pages, 1350 KiB  
Article
Predictors of Loss of Functional Independence in Parkinson’s Disease: Results from the COPPADIS Cohort at 2-Year Follow-Up and Comparison with a Control Group
by Diego Santos García, Teresa de Deus Fonticoba, Carlos Cores Bartolomé, Lucía Naya Ríos, Lucía García Roca, Cristina Martínez Miró, Hector Canfield, Silvia Jesús, Miquel Aguilar, Pau Pastor, Marina Cosgaya, Juan García Caldentey, Nuria Caballol, Inés Legarda, Jorge Hernández Vara, Iria Cabo, Lydia López Manzanares, Isabel González Aramburu, María A. Ávila Rivera, Víctor Gómez Mayordomo, Víctor Nogueira, Víctor Puente, Julio Dotor, Carmen Borrué, Berta Solano Vila, María Álvarez Sauco, Lydia Vela, Sonia Escalante, Esther Cubo, Francisco Carrillo Padilla, Juan C. Martínez Castrillo, Pilar Sánchez Alonso, Maria G. Alonso Losada, Nuria López Ariztegui, Itziar Gastón, Jaime Kulisevsky, Marta Blázquez Estrada, Manuel Seijo, Javier Rúiz Martínez, Caridad Valero, Mónica Kurtis, Oriol de Fábregues, Jessica González Ardura, Ruben Alonso Redondo, Carlos Ordás, Luis M. López Díaz, Darrian McAfee, Pablo Martinez-Martin, Pablo Mir and COPPADIS Study Groupadd Show full author list remove Hide full author list
Diagnostics 2021, 11(10), 1801; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11101801 - 29 Sep 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2740
Abstract
Background and objective: The aim of this study was to compare the progression of independence in activities of daily living (ADL) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients versus a control group, as well as to identify predictors of disability progression and functional dependency (FD). [...] Read more.
Background and objective: The aim of this study was to compare the progression of independence in activities of daily living (ADL) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients versus a control group, as well as to identify predictors of disability progression and functional dependency (FD). Patients and Methods: PD patients and control subjects, who were recruited from 35 centers of Spain from the COPPADIS cohort between January 2016 and November 2017 (V0), were included. Patients and subjects were then evaluated again at the 2-year follow-up (V2). Disability was assessed with the Schwab & England Activities of Daily Living Scale (S&E-ADLS) at V0 and V2. FD was defined as an S&E-ADLS score less than 80%. Results: In the PD group, a significant decrease in the S&E-ADLS score from V0 to V2 (N = 507; from 88.58 ± 10.19 to 84.26 ± 13.38; p < 0.0001; Cohen’s effect size = −0.519) was observed but not in controls (N = 124; from 98.87 ± 6.52 to 99.52 ± 2.15; p = 0.238). When only patients considered functional independent at baseline were included, 55 out of 463 (11.9%) converted to functional dependent at V2. To be a female (OR = 2.908; p = 0.009), have longer disease duration (OR = 1.152; p = 0.002), have a non-tremoric motor phenotype at baseline (OR = 3.574; p = 0.004), have a higher score at baseline in FOGQ (OR = 1.244; p < 0.0001) and BDI-II (OR = 1.080; p = 0.008), have a lower score at baseline in PD-CRS (OR = 0.963; p = 0.008), and have a greater increase in the score from V0 to V2 in UPDRS-IV (OR = 1.168; p = 0.0.29), FOGQ (OR = 1.348; p < 0.0001) and VAFS-Mental (OR = 1.177; p = 0.013) (adjusted R-squared 0.52; Hosmer and Lemeshow test = 0.94) were all found to be independent predictors of FD at V2. Conclusions: In conclusion, autonomy for ADL worsens in PD patients compared to controls. Cognitive impairment, gait problems, fatigue, depressive symptoms, more advanced disease, and a non-tremor phenotype are independent predictors of FD in the short-term. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Diagnostics, Biomarkers and Pathology in Parkinson's Disease)
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