Positron Emission Tomography (PET) in Cardiology and Oncology

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2016) | Viewed by 54548

Special Issue Editor

Department of Nuclear Medicine, Technical University, D-80333 Munich, Germany
Interests: multimodal imaging in cardiology and oncology; positron emission tomography (PET); imaging tumor biology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The editorial team of Diagnostics is setting up a special issue on PET in cardiology and oncology. This issue will cover advances in PET methodology with special consideration of its application in the field of cardiology and oncology. Submissions will be invited covering the clinical role of PET in the work-up of patients with cardiovascular and oncologic diseases. In oncology, the publication will address detection, as well as therapy monitoring, of cancer using established imaging protocols. In addition, new radiopharmaceuticals will be discussed to learn about the diagnostic potential of molecular imaging in the area of cardiology and oncology.

Prof. Dr. Markus Schwaiger
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diagnostics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Coronary heart reserve
  • Coronary flow reserve
  • Cardiac metabolism
  • Cardiac inflammation
  • Detection of cancer
  • Theranostics
  • Therapy monitoring
  • Drug development
  • Companion diagnostics
  • PET, PET/CT, PET/MR

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Review

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14639 KiB  
Review
Targeted Molecular Imaging in Adrenal Disease—An Emerging Role for Metomidate PET-CT
by Iosif A. Mendichovszky, Andrew S. Powlson, Roido Manavaki, Franklin I. Aigbirhio, Heok Cheow, John R. Buscombe, Mark Gurnell and Fiona J. Gilbert
Diagnostics 2016, 6(4), 42; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics6040042 - 18 Nov 2016
Cited by 24 | Viewed by 7844
Abstract
Adrenal lesions present a significant diagnostic burden for both radiologists and endocrinologists, especially with the increasing number of adrenal ‘incidentalomas’ detected on modern computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A key objective is the reliable distinction of benign disease from either [...] Read more.
Adrenal lesions present a significant diagnostic burden for both radiologists and endocrinologists, especially with the increasing number of adrenal ‘incidentalomas’ detected on modern computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A key objective is the reliable distinction of benign disease from either primary adrenal malignancy (e.g., adrenocortical carcinoma or malignant forms of pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma (PPGL)) or metastases (e.g., bronchial, renal). Benign lesions may still be associated with adverse sequelae through autonomous hormone hypersecretion (e.g., primary aldosteronism, Cushing’s syndrome, phaeochromocytoma). Here, identifying a causative lesion, or lateralising the disease to a single adrenal gland, is key to effective management, as unilateral adrenalectomy may offer the potential for curing conditions that are typically associated with significant excess morbidity and mortality. This review considers the evolving role of positron emission tomography (PET) imaging in addressing the limitations of traditional cross-sectional imaging and adjunctive techniques, such as venous sampling, in the management of adrenal disorders. We review the development of targeted molecular imaging to the adrenocortical enzymes CYP11B1 and CYP11B2 with different radiolabeled metomidate compounds. Particular consideration is given to iodo-metomidate PET tracers for the diagnosis and management of adrenocortical carcinoma, and the increasingly recognized utility of 11C-metomidate PET-CT in primary aldosteronism. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Positron Emission Tomography (PET) in Cardiology and Oncology)
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2154 KiB  
Review
The Role of PET/CT Molecular Imaging in the Diagnosis of Recurrence and Surveillance of Patients Treated for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
by Julio Francisco Jiménez-Bonilla, Remedios Quirce, I. Martínez-Rodríguez, María De Arcocha-Torres, José Manuel Carril and Ignacio Banzo
Diagnostics 2016, 6(4), 36; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics6040036 - 30 Sep 2016
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 6706
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide and its prognosis remains poor. Molecular imaging with 18F-FDG PET/CT can metabolically characterize the nature of lesions as benign or malignant, allowing a better staging at the diagnosis of [...] Read more.
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide and its prognosis remains poor. Molecular imaging with 18F-FDG PET/CT can metabolically characterize the nature of lesions as benign or malignant, allowing a better staging at the diagnosis of this kind of patient. This advantage can also be applied in the re-staging due to the suspicion of recurrent disease. Many patients have a recurrence of the disease, including surgically treated patients. In the current context, with new personalized oncological treatments, the surveillance for recurrence and its accurate diagnosis are crucial to improve their survival. In this paper, we revise the current knowledge about the clinical and molecular factors related to the recurrent disease. In the context of new, promising, available personalized treatments, the role of molecular imaging with PET/CT and 18F-FDG and non-18F-FDG radiotracers in the follow-up of NSCLC-treated patients is especially attractive and interesting. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Positron Emission Tomography (PET) in Cardiology and Oncology)
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Review
Clinical Utility of Positron Emission Tomography Magnetic Resonance Imaging (PET-MRI) in Gastrointestinal Cancers
by Robert Matthews and Minsig Choi
Diagnostics 2016, 6(3), 35; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics6030035 - 09 Sep 2016
Cited by 22 | Viewed by 10594
Abstract
Anatomic imaging utilizing both CT (computed tomography) and MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) limits the assessment of cancer metastases in lymph nodes and distant organs while functional imaging like PET (positron emission tomography) scan has its limitation in spatial resolution capacity. Hybrid imaging utilizing [...] Read more.
Anatomic imaging utilizing both CT (computed tomography) and MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) limits the assessment of cancer metastases in lymph nodes and distant organs while functional imaging like PET (positron emission tomography) scan has its limitation in spatial resolution capacity. Hybrid imaging utilizing PET-CT and PET-MRI are novel imaging modalities that are changing the current landscape in cancer diagnosis, staging, and treatment response. MRI has shown to have higher sensitivity in soft tissue, head and neck pathology, and pelvic disease, as well as, detecting small metastases in the liver and bone compared to CT. Combining MRI with PET allows for detection of metastases that may have been missed with current imaging modalities. In this review, we will examine the clinical utility of FDG PET-MRI in the diagnosis and staging of gastrointestinal cancers with focus on esophageal, stomach, colorectal, and pancreatic cancers. We will also explore its role in treatment response and future directions associated with it. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Positron Emission Tomography (PET) in Cardiology and Oncology)
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Review
Clinical Utility and Future Applications of PET/CT and PET/CMR in Cardiology
by Jonathan A. Pan and Michael Salerno
Diagnostics 2016, 6(3), 32; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics6030032 - 02 Sep 2016
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 16016
Abstract
Over the past several years, there have been major advances in cardiovascular positron emission tomography (PET) in combination with either computed tomography (CT) or, more recently, cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR). These multi-modality approaches have significant potential to leverage the strengths of each modality [...] Read more.
Over the past several years, there have been major advances in cardiovascular positron emission tomography (PET) in combination with either computed tomography (CT) or, more recently, cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR). These multi-modality approaches have significant potential to leverage the strengths of each modality to improve the characterization of a variety of cardiovascular diseases and to predict clinical outcomes. This review will discuss current developments and potential future uses of PET/CT and PET/CMR for cardiovascular applications, which promise to add significant incremental benefits to the data provided by each modality alone. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Positron Emission Tomography (PET) in Cardiology and Oncology)
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Other

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Angiogenesis PET Tracer Uptake (68Ga-NODAGA-E[(cRGDyK)]2) in Induced Myocardial Infarction in Minipigs
by Thomas Rasmussen, Bjarke Follin, Jens Kastrup, Malene Brandt-Larsen, Jacob Madsen, Thomas Emil Christensen, Karsten Pharao Hammelev, Philip Hasbak and Andreas Kjær
Diagnostics 2016, 6(2), 26; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics6020026 - 17 Jun 2016
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 5619
Abstract
Angiogenesis is part of the healing process following an ischemic injury and is vital for the post-ischemic repair of the myocardium. Therefore, it is of particular interest to be able to noninvasively monitor angiogenesis. This might, not only permit risk stratification of patients [...] Read more.
Angiogenesis is part of the healing process following an ischemic injury and is vital for the post-ischemic repair of the myocardium. Therefore, it is of particular interest to be able to noninvasively monitor angiogenesis. This might, not only permit risk stratification of patients following myocardial infarction, but could also facilitate development and improvement of new therapies directed towards stimulation of the angiogenic response. During angiogenesis endothelial cells must adhere to one another to form new microvessels. αvβ3 integrin has been found to be highly expressed in activated endothelial cells and has been identified as a critical modulator of angiogenesis. 68Ga-NODAGA-E[c(RGDyK)]2 (RGD) has recently been developed by us as an angiogenesis positron-emission-tomography (PET) ligand targeted towards αvβ3 integrin. In the present study, we induced myocardial infarction in Göttingen minipigs. Successful infarction was documented by 82Rubidium-dipyridamole stress PET and computed tomography. RGD uptake was demonstrated in the infarcted myocardium one week and one month after induction of infarction by RGD-PET. In conclusion, we demonstrated angiogenesis by noninvasive imaging using RGD-PET in minipigs hearts, which resemble human hearts. The perspectives are very intriguing and might permit the evaluation of new treatment strategies targeted towards increasing the angiogenetic response, e.g., stem-cell treatment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Positron Emission Tomography (PET) in Cardiology and Oncology)
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18F-FDG PET/CT Findings in Acute Epstein-Barr Virus Infection Mimicking Malignant Lymphoma
by Mathilde Ørbæk, Jesper Graff, Elena Markova, Gitte Kronborg and Anne-Mette Lebech
Diagnostics 2016, 6(2), 18; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics6020018 - 12 May 2016
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 6942
Abstract
We present a case demonstrating the diagnostic work-up and follow-up of a patient with acute Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection in which the clinical picture and imaging on 18F-FDG PET/CT mimicked malignant lymphoma. Follow-up 18F-FDG PET/CT scan in the patient performed 7 [...] Read more.
We present a case demonstrating the diagnostic work-up and follow-up of a patient with acute Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection in which the clinical picture and imaging on 18F-FDG PET/CT mimicked malignant lymphoma. Follow-up 18F-FDG PET/CT scan in the patient performed 7 weeks after the abnormal scan revealed complete resolution of the metabolically active disease in the neck, axillas, lung hili, and spleen. This case highlights inflammation as one of the most well established false positives when interpreting 18F-FDG PET/CT scans. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Positron Emission Tomography (PET) in Cardiology and Oncology)
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