Clinical Anatomy: Advances and Applications in Diagnostics

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Medical Imaging and Theranostics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2023) | Viewed by 10878

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Anatomy, Collegium Medicum, School of Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
Interests: radiological anatomy

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

Clinical anatomy provides information on the latest advances and significant discoveries, establishes a strong foundation for multidisciplinary clinical efforts, and introduces a new way of thinking and acting for researchers, scientists, academics, and clinicians.

Clinical anatomy translates anatomical scientific advances and next-generation technologies and digital tools in various areas, including:

  1. Education, learning, and teaching with the use of metaverse technologies from cloud computing to artificial intelligence (AI), the internet of things (IoT), and digital twins to create training for future medical professionals in different specialties;
  2. Advanced and detailed hybride and multiparametric diagnostic imaging with new directions in preclinical and clinical functional, molecular, and reconstructive imaging in various diseases by the implementation of immersive digital experiences bring together virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and artifitial inteligence (AI) into real-word evidence (RWE) in clinical anatomy and clinical practice;
  3. Advanced and minimally invasive treatment using 3D modeling of personal implants and patient-oriented medical treatment with the use of robot-assisted surgery, artificial intelligence in managing new applications and technologies to improve of patient care and medical and scientific workflow.

The timing of the COVID-19 pandemic has led to a significant reduction in education, diagnosis, and face-to-face treatment, which has had an adverse impact, especially in specialties that require face-to-face contact.

Although AR is an expensive solution, it offers almost individual instruction and the possibility of a virtual course of preparation for the procedure in selected cases, taking into account the variability and specific morphological conditions of the patient, and a tool evaluation study used to assess the operation of the various AR modalities, especially when we can combine in-depth anatomical knowledge, its clinical aspect, diagnostics, and functional imaging with specific specializations. This leads to a significant improvement in spatial relationships and helps in understanding key concepts.

New generation AR technologies also designate a progressive level of medical education that is increasingly apparent in following areas: the ability to provide and preserve anatomical details and variations, detect and perceive spatial anatomical relationships, and the rate of teaching and learning. The AR is like clinical anatomy in action and RWE.

The tremendous advances in new technologies for normal and pathological organs allow us the diagnosis of diseases at any level, and radically improves the importance of morphological and clinical aspects. 

Clinical anatomy reveals a new perspective on what is happening in patient and patient health and integrates functional efficacy, pathological relevance, and correlations with clinical syndromes.

Research articles and critical reviews of scientific, clinical, and educational significance on the use of clinical anatomy advances and applications in solving clinical problems and the use of clinical observations and next-generation technologies to expand knowledge in the field of clinical anatomy are welcome.

Dr. Anna Żurada
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diagnostics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 1619 KiB  
Article
Possible Points of Ulnar Nerve Entrapment in the Arm and Forearm: An Ultrasound, Anatomical, and Histological Study
by Andrea Ferre-Martinez, Maribel Miguel-Pérez, Ingrid Möller, Sara Ortiz-Miguel, Albert Pérez-Bellmunt, Núria Ruiz, Xavier Sanjuan, Jose Agullo, Juan Ortiz-Sagristà and Carlo Martinoli
Diagnostics 2023, 13(7), 1332; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13071332 - 3 Apr 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2257
Abstract
Background: Ulnar nerve entrapment is one of the most common entrapment neuropathies, usually occurring in the cubital tunnel of the elbow and in Guyon’s canal of the wrist. However, it can also occur at other anatomical locations. Purpose: Our aim was to review [...] Read more.
Background: Ulnar nerve entrapment is one of the most common entrapment neuropathies, usually occurring in the cubital tunnel of the elbow and in Guyon’s canal of the wrist. However, it can also occur at other anatomical locations. Purpose: Our aim was to review other possible locations of ulnar nerve entrapment in an ultrasound and anatomical study. Material and Methods: Eleven upper limbs from eight adult corpses were ultrasonographically examined and subsequently dissected in a dissection laboratory. Four specific anatomical points were analysed, and any anatomical variations were documented. Moreover, six samples of the nerve were taken for histological analysis. Results: Distinct anatomical relationships were observed during ultrasound and dissection between the ulnar nerve and the medial intermuscular septum, the triceps aponeurosis, Osborne’s fascia at the elbow, the arcuate ligament of Osborne and the intermuscular aponeurosis between the flexor carpi ulnaris and the flexor digitorum superficialis muscles. A statistical study showed that these locations are potential areas for ulnar nerve compression. In addition, a fourth head of the triceps brachii muscle was found in some specimens. Conclusion: Results demonstrate that ultrasound is a good tool to investigate ulnar nerve entrapment neuropathy and to identify other anatomical points where the nerve can remain compressed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Anatomy: Advances and Applications in Diagnostics)
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12 pages, 1334 KiB  
Article
Sphenoidal Foramen Ovale in the Slovenian Population: An Anatomical Evaluation with Clinical Correlations
by Žiga Šink, Nejc Umek, Armin Alibegović and Erika Cvetko
Diagnostics 2023, 13(5), 962; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13050962 - 3 Mar 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1378
Abstract
The foramen ovale (FO) is a crucial feature of the skull base, serving as a passage for clinically important neurovascular structures. The present study aimed to provide a comprehensive morphometric and morphologic analysis of the FO and highlight the clinical significance of the [...] Read more.
The foramen ovale (FO) is a crucial feature of the skull base, serving as a passage for clinically important neurovascular structures. The present study aimed to provide a comprehensive morphometric and morphologic analysis of the FO and highlight the clinical significance of the anatomical characterization. A total of 267 FO were analyzed in skulls obtained from deceased inhabitants of the Slovenian territory. The anteroposterior (length) and the transverse (width) diameters were measured using a digital sliding vernier caliper. Dimensions, shape, and anatomical variations of FO were analyzed. The mean length and width of the FO were 7.13 and 3.71 mm on the right side and 7.20 and 3.88 mm on the left side. The most frequently observed shape was oval (37.1%), followed by almond (28.1%), irregular (21.0%), D-shaped (4.5%), round (3.0%), pear-shaped (1.9%), kidney-shaped (1.5%), elongated (1.5%), triangular (0.7%), and slit-like (0.7%). In addition, marginal outgrowths (16.6%) and several anatomical variations were noted, including duplications, confluences, and obstruction due to a complete (5.6%) or incomplete (8.2%) pterygospinous bar. Our observations revealed substantial interindividual variation in the anatomical characteristics of the FO in the studied population, which could potentially impact the feasibility and safety of neurosurgical diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Anatomy: Advances and Applications in Diagnostics)
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Review

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20 pages, 4505 KiB  
Review
Importance of Anatomical Variation of the Hepatic Artery for Complicated Liver and Pancreatic Surgeries: A Review Emphasizing Origin and Branching
by Kapil Kumar Malviya and Ashish Verma
Diagnostics 2023, 13(7), 1233; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13071233 - 24 Mar 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 6287
Abstract
Knowledge of anatomical variations of the hepatic artery from its origin to intrahepatic segmentation is of utmost importance for planning upper abdominal surgeries including liver transplantation, pancreatoduodenectomy, and biliary reconstruction. The origin and branching pattern of the hepatic artery was thoroughly described by [...] Read more.
Knowledge of anatomical variations of the hepatic artery from its origin to intrahepatic segmentation is of utmost importance for planning upper abdominal surgeries including liver transplantation, pancreatoduodenectomy, and biliary reconstruction. The origin and branching pattern of the hepatic artery was thoroughly described by the classification of Michels and Hiatt. Some rare variations of the hepatic artery were classified by Kobayashi and Koops. By the use of the multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) technique, the branching pattern of the hepatic artery can be visualized quite accurately. Unawareness of these arterial variations may lead to intraoperative injuries such as necrosis, abscess, and failure of the liver and pancreas. The origin and course of the aberrant hepatic arteries are crucial in the surgical planning of carcinoma of the head of the pancreas and hepatobiliary surgeries. In liver transplant surgeries, to minimize intraoperative bleeding complications and postoperative thrombosis, exact anatomy of the branching of the hepatic artery, its variations and intrahepatic course is of utmost importance. This review discusses variations in the anatomy of the hepatic artery from its origin to branching by the use of advanced imaging techniques and its effect on the liver, pancreatic, biliary and gastric surgeries. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Anatomy: Advances and Applications in Diagnostics)
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