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Advances in the Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases and Microorganisms: 2nd...
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Advances in the Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases and Microorganisms: 2nd Edition

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2025 | Viewed by 2286

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Philippe Colson

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Aix Marseille University, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
Interests: mimivirus; metagenomics; virophages; megavirales; mobilome; emerging viruses; hiv; viral hepatitis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

There have recently been interesting advances in virological and microbiological diagnostic laboratories. These have notably consisted of the extended use of diagnostics through a syndromic approach, particularly using multiplex PCR, and also the introduction and increasing use of diagnosis through next-generation sequencing. These technologies can help improve the completeness and informativeness of infection diagnoses. They help, for example, to detect numerous viral, microbial or mixed co-infections, the epidemiological and clinical significance of which deserves careful analysis. Here, we describe examples of the implementation and optimization of virological diagnoses involving these approaches. Such diagnostic strategies can be combined with real-time monitoring of the numbers of clinical specimens sampled to search for infectious etiologies and of the numbers of positive diagnoses of infectious agents, in order to detect abnormal events which may correspond to emerging phenomena and epidemics.

Prof. Dr. Philippe Colson
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diagnostics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • clinical microbiology
  • antimicrobial resistance
  • diagnostic microbiology
  • molecular microbiology
  • HIV
  • infectious diseases

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 3217 KB  
Article
Microbiome of the Proximal Small Intestine in Patients with Acute Pancreatitis
by Vladimir V. Kiselev, Stanislav I. Koshechkin, Alexey V. Kurenkov, Vera E. Odintsova, Maria S. Zhigalova, Alekxandr V. Tyakht, Sergey S. Petrikov, Petr A. Yartsev and Ilya V. Dmitriev
Diagnostics 2025, 15(15), 1911; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15151911 - 30 Jul 2025
Viewed by 641
Abstract
Currently, due to the complexity of obtaining samples, specific features of laboratory processing and analysis of the results, there is a lack of data on the microbial signature of the small intestine in healthy and diseased states of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Objective: [...] Read more.
Currently, due to the complexity of obtaining samples, specific features of laboratory processing and analysis of the results, there is a lack of data on the microbial signature of the small intestine in healthy and diseased states of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Objective: To investigate the characteristics of the small intestinal microbiome in acute pancreatitis of varying severity and to identify correlations with clinical factors. Methods: This study included 30 patients with acute pancreatitis of varying severity treated between 1 January 2019 and 31 December 2021. The composition of the microbiota was analyzed by metagenomic sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene from jejunal samples. Results: The mortality rate in the study group was 23.3%. The small intestinal microbiome was dominated by Streptococcus (median relative abundance 19.2%, interquartile range 6.4–35.1%), Veillonella (3.4%; 0.6–7%), Granulicatella (2.7%; 0.6–5%), Fusobacterium (2.2%; 0.3–5.9%), Prevotella (1.5%; 0.3–8%), Haemophilus (0.9%; 0.2–10%), Gemella (0.8%; 0.2–4.3%), and Lactobacillus (0.2%; 0.1–0.9%). More severe disease was associated with decreased abundance of Neisseria mucosa, Parvimonas micra, and Megasphaera micronuciformis. In contrast, the relative abundance of the genera Streptococcus (species S. rubneri/parasanguinis/australis), Actinomyces, and several genera within the family Enterobacteriaceae was higher in these patients. Conclusions: The state of the microbiota has important prognostic value and correlates with the duration from the onset of the pain syndrome to the time of receiving qualified care in the hospital. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in the Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases and Microorganisms: 2nd Edition)
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11 pages, 455 KB  
Article
Do the Results of Bile Cultures Affect the Outcomes of Patients with Mild-to-Moderate Ascending Cholangitis? A Single Center Prospective Study
by Yoav Krupik, Eran Ariam, Daniel L. Cohen, Anton Bermont, Sergei Vosko, Haim Shirin and Shay Matalon
Diagnostics 2025, 15(6), 695; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15060695 - 11 Mar 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1404
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Bile cultures are recommended in patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). We sought to evaluate if bile cultures affect the outcomes of patients with mild-to-moderate ascending cholangitis. Methods: Bile cultures were prospectively obtained from patients undergoing ERCP between 2021 and 2023 at [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Bile cultures are recommended in patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). We sought to evaluate if bile cultures affect the outcomes of patients with mild-to-moderate ascending cholangitis. Methods: Bile cultures were prospectively obtained from patients undergoing ERCP between 2021 and 2023 at a single gastroenterology unit. The primary outcome was the prognosis of patients with mild-to-moderate ascending cholangitis who received appropriate antibiotic coverage with empiric antibiotics versus those with bacteria resistant to the empiric antibiotics. Additionally, outcomes between those with positive and negative biliary cultures were assessed. Results: One hundred sixty ERCPs were conducted, including 65 (40%) for ascending cholangitis with a naive papilla. Of these, 43 (66.2%) had a positive bile culture. Fourteen (32.6%) described mixed bacteria. Enterococcus spp. was the most common bacteria (22, 51.2%), followed by E. coli (17, 39.6%). Patients that were treated with appropriate antibiotics had similar outcomes compared to those who received inappropriate antibiotics per bile culture susceptibilities in terms of length of hospitalization (7.8 days vs. 7.9 days), in-hospital mortality, 30-day readmissions, and 30-day mortality (p ≥ 0.21, ns). There were also no differences in those outcomes between patients with positive and negative bile cultures (p ≥ 0.09, ns). Conclusions: These results question the need for obtaining bile cultures in every ERCP performed, including those with cholangitis. They imply that decompression of the biliary tree during ERCP is the more significant aspect of treatment, rather than the selection of an appropriate antibiotic regimen. Additional studies are needed to assess the benefits of acquiring bile cultures in all cases of ascending cholangitis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in the Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases and Microorganisms: 2nd Edition)
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