Advances in the Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases and Microorganisms: 2nd Edition

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2025 | Viewed by 612

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Aix Marseille University, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
Interests: mimivirus; metagenomics; virophages; megavirales; mobilome; emerging viruses; hiv; viral hepatitis
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

There have recently been interesting advances in virological and microbiological diagnostic laboratories. These have notably consisted of the extended use of diagnostics through a syndromic approach, particularly using multiplex PCR, and also the introduction and increasing use of diagnosis through next-generation sequencing. These technologies can help improve the completeness and informativeness of infection diagnoses. They help, for example, to detect numerous viral, microbial or mixed co-infections, the epidemiological and clinical significance of which deserves careful analysis. Here, we describe examples of the implementation and optimization of virological diagnoses involving these approaches. Such diagnostic strategies can be combined with real-time monitoring of the numbers of clinical specimens sampled to search for infectious etiologies and of the numbers of positive diagnoses of infectious agents, in order to detect abnormal events which may correspond to emerging phenomena and epidemics.

Prof. Dr. Philippe Colson
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • clinical microbiology
  • antimicrobial resistance
  • diagnostic microbiology
  • molecular microbiology
  • HIV
  • infectious diseases

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

11 pages, 455 KiB  
Article
Do the Results of Bile Cultures Affect the Outcomes of Patients with Mild-to-Moderate Ascending Cholangitis? A Single Center Prospective Study
by Yoav Krupik, Eran Ariam, Daniel L. Cohen, Anton Bermont, Sergei Vosko, Haim Shirin and Shay Matalon
Diagnostics 2025, 15(6), 695; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15060695 - 11 Mar 2025
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Abstract
Background/Objectives: Bile cultures are recommended in patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). We sought to evaluate if bile cultures affect the outcomes of patients with mild-to-moderate ascending cholangitis. Methods: Bile cultures were prospectively obtained from patients undergoing ERCP between 2021 and 2023 at [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Bile cultures are recommended in patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). We sought to evaluate if bile cultures affect the outcomes of patients with mild-to-moderate ascending cholangitis. Methods: Bile cultures were prospectively obtained from patients undergoing ERCP between 2021 and 2023 at a single gastroenterology unit. The primary outcome was the prognosis of patients with mild-to-moderate ascending cholangitis who received appropriate antibiotic coverage with empiric antibiotics versus those with bacteria resistant to the empiric antibiotics. Additionally, outcomes between those with positive and negative biliary cultures were assessed. Results: One hundred sixty ERCPs were conducted, including 65 (40%) for ascending cholangitis with a naive papilla. Of these, 43 (66.2%) had a positive bile culture. Fourteen (32.6%) described mixed bacteria. Enterococcus spp. was the most common bacteria (22, 51.2%), followed by E. coli (17, 39.6%). Patients that were treated with appropriate antibiotics had similar outcomes compared to those who received inappropriate antibiotics per bile culture susceptibilities in terms of length of hospitalization (7.8 days vs. 7.9 days), in-hospital mortality, 30-day readmissions, and 30-day mortality (p ≥ 0.21, ns). There were also no differences in those outcomes between patients with positive and negative bile cultures (p ≥ 0.09, ns). Conclusions: These results question the need for obtaining bile cultures in every ERCP performed, including those with cholangitis. They imply that decompression of the biliary tree during ERCP is the more significant aspect of treatment, rather than the selection of an appropriate antibiotic regimen. Additional studies are needed to assess the benefits of acquiring bile cultures in all cases of ascending cholangitis. Full article
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