PET/CT Imaging in Cancers

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Medical Imaging and Theranostics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2024) | Viewed by 3203

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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

PET/CT is becoming increasingly relevant for cancer diagnosis and assessing the response to treatment. In recent years, the role of PET/CT for the evaluation of a high number of diseases has emerged, particularly for neoplastic conditions. The unique feature of this hybrid imaging modality to combine both anatomical and functional information is fundamental for the assessment of neoplasm. Moreover, the use of different positron emitter tracers can provide knowledge about different metabolic pathways, extending the field of PET/CT application. Lastly, the rising use of radiomics in both conventional and hybrid imaging is constantly providing new diagnostic perspectives.

In this Special Issue of Diagnostics, entitled “PET/CT Imaging in Cancers”, we welcome original scientific contributions or review papers that focus on innovative clinical and preclinical approaches for the PET/CT imaging of cancers.

Prof. Dr. Kalevi Kairemo
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • PET/CT
  • molecular imaging
  • oncology management
  • cancers

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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15 pages, 7014 KiB  
Article
First Clinical Experience of 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT in Tertiary Cancer Center: Identifying Pearls and Pitfalls
by Akram Al-Ibraheem, Ahmed Saad Abdlkadir, Ula Al-Rasheed, Dhuha Al-Adhami, Feras Istatieh, Farah Anwar, Marwah Abdulrahman, Rula Amarin, Issa Mohamad and Asem Mansour
Diagnostics 2025, 15(2), 218; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15020218 - 19 Jan 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1166
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Over the past four years, 68Ga-fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) has been established at a tertiary cancer care facility in Jordan. This retrospective study aims to explore tracer uptake metrics across various epithelial neoplasms, identify diagnostic [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Over the past four years, 68Ga-fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) has been established at a tertiary cancer care facility in Jordan. This retrospective study aims to explore tracer uptake metrics across various epithelial neoplasms, identify diagnostic pitfalls associated with 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT, and evaluate the influence of 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT staging results on changes in therapeutic intent compared to gold standard molecular imaging modalities. Methods: A total of 48 patients with biopsy-confirmed solid tumors underwent 77 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT examinations for molecular imaging assessment, encompassing neoplasms originating from the gastrointestinal tract, head and neck, hepatobiliary system, pancreas, breast, and lung. Results: Notably, pancreaticobiliary tumors exhibited the highest tracer uptake, with mean maximum standardized uptake values (SUVmax) and tumor-to-background ratios (TBR) surpassing 10. A comparative sub-analysis of 68Ga-FAPI PET metrics in 20 treatment-naïve patients revealed a significant correlation between 68Ga-FAPI uptake metrics and tumor grade (Spearman’s rho 0.83; p = 0.00001). Importantly, the results from 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT influenced treatment decisions in 35.5% of the cases, primarily resulting in an escalation of management plans. A total of 220 diagnostic challenges were identified across 88.3% of the scans, predominantly within the musculoskeletal system, attributed to degenerative changes (99 observations). Conclusions: This comprehensive analysis highlights the potential significance of 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT in oncological imaging and treatment strategy, while also emphasizing the necessity for meticulous interpretation to mitigate diagnostic challenges. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue PET/CT Imaging in Cancers)
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9 pages, 1226 KiB  
Case Report
Assessing the Effectiveness of Selective RET Inhibitors in RET-Positive Cancers through Fluorodeoxyglucose Uptake Analysis
by Kalevi Kairemo, Homer A. Macapinlac, Mohammed Gouda and Vivek Subbiah
Diagnostics 2024, 14(17), 1886; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14171886 - 28 Aug 2024
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Abstract
Selective RET inhibitors, such as selpercatinib and pralsetinib, have revolutionized the treatment of cancers with RET gene alterations. These inhibitors have shown remarkable clinical efficacy, particularly in RET-driven lung cancer, medullary thyroid cancer, and other solid tumors driven by RET gene fusions. The [...] Read more.
Selective RET inhibitors, such as selpercatinib and pralsetinib, have revolutionized the treatment of cancers with RET gene alterations. These inhibitors have shown remarkable clinical efficacy, particularly in RET-driven lung cancer, medullary thyroid cancer, and other solid tumors driven by RET gene fusions. The assessment of treatment response in oncology has been greatly enhanced by Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography (FDG-PET), a valuable tool that measures tumor metabolism and provides early indicators of treatment effectiveness. This work explores the effectiveness of selective RET inhibitors in targeting RET-positive cancers and investigates the utility of FDG-PET in assessing treatment response. The paper includes insightful case studies that highlight the successful application of RET inhibitors in the treatment of RET-positive cancers. The findings suggest that FDG-PET has the potential to serve as a non-invasive biomarker for monitoring treatment response in patients with RET-positive cancers. However, further research is required to establish standardized criteria for interpreting FDG-PET scans in the context of selective RET inhibitors and to uncover the broader applications of FDG-PET in precision oncology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue PET/CT Imaging in Cancers)
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