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Diagnostics
Special Issues
Diagnosis and Management in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
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Diagnosis and Management in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Diagnosis and Prognosis".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 March 2026 | Viewed by 788

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Dimitris Tatsis

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Fourth Surgical Department, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
Interests: oral pathology; oral implantology; oral diseases; maxillofacial surgery; implant dentistry
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Alexandros Louizakis

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor Assistant
Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Specialized Cancer Treatment and Reconstruction Centre, General Hospital of Thessaloniki “George Papanikolaou”, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece
Interests: oral and maxillofacial surgery; plastic surgery; ENT; head and neck surgery; tracheotomy; skull base surgery; endoscopic surgery

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

The Special Issue titled “Diagnosis and Management in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery” aims to highlight recent advancements in the diagnosis, evaluation, and management of conditions affecting the head and neck region. This collection aims to present innovative diagnostic methodologies, including artificial intelligence-assisted imaging, molecular diagnostics, and 3D visualization techniques, that enhance accuracy in detecting pathologies such as maxillofacial trauma, temporomandibular disorders, oral malignancies, and congenital disorders. Furthermore, this issue will cover innovative management strategies ranging from minimally invasive procedures to complex reconstructive techniques utilizing patient-specific implants, 3D printing, and virtual surgical planning. Emphasis will be placed on integrating interdisciplinary approaches, including regenerative medicine and advanced biomaterials, to optimize functional and esthetic outcomes.

By bringing together expertise from various subspecialties, this Special Issue aims to provide a comprehensive perspective on how modern diagnostics and tailored management strategies improve patient care in oral and maxillofacial surgery.

Dr. Dimitris Tatsis
Guest Editor

Dr. Alexandros Louizakis
Guest Editor Assistant

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diagnostics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • oral and maxillofacial surgery
  • artificial intelligence in surgery
  • virtual surgical planning
  • 3D printing and patient-specific implants
  • oral cancer diagnosis
  • temporomandibular disorders
  • regenerative medicine in OMFS
  • advanced biomaterials for reconstruction
  • new technologies in head and neck surgery

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 805 KB  
Article
Neck Management in Malignant Parotid Tumors: A Retrospective Analysis of Elective Neck Dissection Indications and Outcomes
by Andrea Battisti, Giulio Pagnani, Giulia Scivoletto, Marco Della Monaca, Matteo Fatiga, Andrea Cassoni and Valentino Valentini
Diagnostics 2025, 15(24), 3194; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15243194 - 14 Dec 2025
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Management of the clinically negative neck in malignant parotid tumors remains controversial. We aimed to identify clinicopathologic predictors of nodal involvement and to evaluate whether elective neck dissection (END) improves disease-free survival (DFS) versus observation in cN0 patients. Methods: We performed a [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Management of the clinically negative neck in malignant parotid tumors remains controversial. We aimed to identify clinicopathologic predictors of nodal involvement and to evaluate whether elective neck dissection (END) improves disease-free survival (DFS) versus observation in cN0 patients. Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of adults undergoing surgery for malignant parotid tumors at a single tertiary center (2013–2023) with ≥24 months of follow-up. Collected variables included demographics, tumor T category and histologic grade (AJCC 8th), parotidectomy type, neck management [END vs. therapeutic neck dissection (TND) vs. observation], lymph node yield, and outcomes. Associations were tested with Fisher’s exact tests; disease-free survival (DFS) was analyzed using Kaplan–Meier curves, log-rank tests and an exploratory multivariable Cox proportional hazards model. Results: Seventy-four patients were included (mean age 54.3 years; 12.2% preoperative facial nerve impairment). Parotidectomy was partial (41.9%), total (31.1%), radical (21.6%), or extended (5.4%). Neck dissection was performed in 40.5% (END 23.0%; TND 17.6%). Overall pathologic nodal positivity (pN+) was 18.9%. T3–T4 tumors had greater odds of nodal metastasis than T1–T2 (OR 10.58; p < 0.05). Among cN0 patients, occult metastasis was 17.6%; notably, all high-grade cN0 tumors that underwent END were pN+. Intraparotid nodal metastases occurred in 28.6% and always co-occurred with cervical metastases. DFS did not differ significantly between cN0 patients managed with END versus observation (log-rank p > 0.05). Patients with pN0 had superior DFS versus pN+ (p < 0.05). Lymph node yield groupings (0–17 vs. 18–40 vs. >40) were not associated with recurrences. In the exploratory multivariable Cox model, high/intermediate-grade and T3-T4 tumors and nodal positivity were associated with reduced DFS. Conclusions: Higher T category and high/intermediate grade strongly predict nodal involvement, and pN+ status portends worse DFS. Although END did not show a DFS advantage over observation in cN0 patients, the 17.6% occult metastasis rate—especially in high-grade disease—and the linkage between intraparotid and cervical metastases support a risk-adapted END strategy and intraoperative assessment of intraparotid nodes to guide neck management. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Management in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)
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13 pages, 687 KB  
Article
Development of a Prognostic Model for Oral Cancer by Incorporating Novel Nodal Parameters Beyond Conventional TNM Staging
by Ping-Chia Cheng, Chih-Ming Chang, Li-Jen Liao, Po-Wen Cheng and Wu-Chia Lo
Diagnostics 2025, 15(24), 3133; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15243133 - 9 Dec 2025
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Abstract
Background: Oral cancer is a major global health burden with heterogeneous survival outcomes. This study aimed to identify clinicopathological factors, particularly lymph node-related parameters, associated with prognosis in patients with oral cancer and to construct a survival model for predicting overall survival (OS). [...] Read more.
Background: Oral cancer is a major global health burden with heterogeneous survival outcomes. This study aimed to identify clinicopathological factors, particularly lymph node-related parameters, associated with prognosis in patients with oral cancer and to construct a survival model for predicting overall survival (OS). Methods: A total of 174 patients with oral cancer who underwent surgery between January 2018 and November 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Clinicopathological variables, including age, gender, body mass index (BMI), pathological T, N and overall stage, tumor subsite, perineural invasion (PNI), lymphovascular invasion (LVI), surgical margin status, lymph node yield (LNY), lymph node metastases (LNM), and lymph node ratio (LNR), were evaluated. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to identify independent prognostic factors for OS and disease-specific survival (DSS). Results: Univariate analysis showed that older age, lower BMI, advanced pathological stage, presence of PNI or LVI, positive/close margins, LNY < 15, LNM ≥ 3, and LNR ≥ 0.0454 were significantly associated with poorer OS. Multivariate analysis identified age ≥ 63 years, pathological stage 3–4, LNY < 15, LNM ≥ 3, and LNR ≥ 0.0454 as independent predictors of OS. LNR ≥ 0.0454 was the only independent predictor of DSS. A survival model incorporating age, pathological stage, LNY, LNM, and LNR demonstrated good discriminatory ability for OS. Conclusions: Multiple independent prognostic factors for oral cancer survival were identified. The proposed survival model provides a practical tool for risk stratification and may assist personalized treatment planning, with particular emphasis on lymph node-related parameters. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Management in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)
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11 pages, 777 KB  
Article
Nasolacrimal Canal Topography in Relation to the Maxillary Position: CBCT Insights into Le Fort Osteotomy and Fixation Safety
by Mehmet Emre Yurttutan, Merve Berika Kadıoğlu, Mahzun Yıldız, Ömer Faruk Kocamaz, Meyra Durmaz, Mehmet Alp Eriş and Anıl Kamal
Diagnostics 2025, 15(23), 3008; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15233008 - 26 Nov 2025
Viewed by 285
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Le Fort I osteotomy is a widely performed surgical procedure for correcting maxillary deformities, but it carries the risk of rare complications, including nasolacrimal duct (NLD) injury. This study evaluated the anatomical relationship between the nasolacrimal canal (NLC) and the maxilla [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Le Fort I osteotomy is a widely performed surgical procedure for correcting maxillary deformities, but it carries the risk of rare complications, including nasolacrimal duct (NLD) injury. This study evaluated the anatomical relationship between the nasolacrimal canal (NLC) and the maxilla across different skeletal patterns via cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) to define safer zones for fixation during orthognathic surgery. Methods: This retrospective study included 76 patients (152 canals) scheduled for orthognathic surgery. The participants were classified into retrognathic, orthognathic, and prognathic groups based on SNA values. Four linear distances were measured on sagittal CBCT sections: from the superior (SL), middle (ML), and inferior (IL) points of the NLD to the anterior maxillary border and from the canine apex to the inferior NLC point (IC). A total of 608 measurements were analyzed via ANOVA, the Kruskal–Wallis test, and post hoc tests, with significance set at p < 0.05. Results: The ML distance was significantly greater in the prognathic group than in the retrognathic and orthognathic groups (p < 0.001). The IL distance was significantly shorter in retrognathic individuals (p < 0.001). No significant differences were found in SL (p = 0.063) or IC (p = 0.141) among the groups. Conclusions: The proximity of the NLC to the maxilla varies according to the skeletal pattern. The retrognathic maxilla results in shorter IL distances, suggesting increased risk during fixation, whereas the prognathic maxilla results in greater ML distances. Preoperative CBCT-based individualized evaluation is recommended to optimize fixation and reduce NLD injury risk in Le Fort I osteotomy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Management in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)
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