Deep Learning in Biomedical Signal Analysis

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence in Diagnostics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 August 2025 | Viewed by 714

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Graduate School of Sciences and Technology, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
Interests: biomedical engineering
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue focuses on the application and advancements of deep learning techniques in the field of biomedical signal processing. With the explosive growth of biomedical data and the complexity of biological systems, traditional signal processing methods are often insufficient to extract meaningful insights from these data. Deep learning, as a powerful tool for automatic feature learning and pattern recognition, has demonstrated remarkable performance in analyzing biomedical signals such as electrocardiograms, electroencephalograms, and biosensor data. This Special Issue aims to showcase the latest research on how deep learning can be applied to address challenges in biomedical signal analysis, disease diagnosis, and patient monitoring. Contributions from various domains, including signal processing, machine learning, computer vision, and healthcare, will be welcome to explore the full potential of deep learning in transforming biomedical signal research.

Dr. Takahiro Emoto
Guest Editor

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Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

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Keywords

  • deep learning
  • biomedical signal processing
  • pattern recognition
  • disease diagnosis
  • feature extraction

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

17 pages, 394 KiB  
Article
Electrocardiogram Abnormality Detection Using Machine Learning on Summary Data and Biometric Features
by Kennette James Basco, Alana Singh, Daniel Nasef, Christina Hartnett, Michael Ruane, Jason Tagliarino, Michael Nizich and Milan Toma
Diagnostics 2025, 15(7), 903; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15070903 - 1 Apr 2025
Viewed by 338
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Electrocardiogram data are widely used to diagnose cardiovascular diseases, a leading cause of death globally. Traditional interpretation methods are manual, time-consuming, and prone to error. Machine learning offers a promising alternative for automating the classification of electrocardiogram abnormalities. This study explores the [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Electrocardiogram data are widely used to diagnose cardiovascular diseases, a leading cause of death globally. Traditional interpretation methods are manual, time-consuming, and prone to error. Machine learning offers a promising alternative for automating the classification of electrocardiogram abnormalities. This study explores the use of machine learning models to classify electrocardiogram abnormalities using a dataset that combines clinical features (e.g., age, weight, smoking status) with key electrocardiogram measurements, without relying on time-series data. Methods: The dataset included demographic and electrocardiogram-related biometric data. Preprocessing steps addressed class imbalance, outliers, feature scaling, and the encoding of categorical variables. Five machine learning models—Gaussian Naive Bayes, support vector machines, random forest trees, extremely randomized trees, gradient boosted trees, and an ensemble of top-performing classifiers—were trained and optimized using stratified k-fold cross-validation. Model performance was evaluated on a reserved testing set using metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. Results: The extremely randomized trees model achieved the best performance, with a testing accuracy of 66.79%, recall of 66.79%, and F1-score of 62.93%. Ventricular rate, QRS duration, and QTC (Bezet) were identified as the most important features. Challenges in classifying borderline cases were noted due to class imbalance and overlapping features. Conclusions: This study demonstrates the potential of machine learning models, particularly extremely randomized trees, in classifying electrocardiogram abnormalities using demographic and biometric data. While promising, the absence of time-series data limits diagnostic accuracy. Future work incorporating time-series signals and advanced deep learning techniques could further improve performance and clinical relevance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Deep Learning in Biomedical Signal Analysis)
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