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Diagnostics
Special Issues
Diagnosis and Management of Vascular Diseases
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Diagnosis and Management of Vascular Diseases

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Diagnosis and Prognosis".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2025 | Viewed by 1705

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Tiffany R. Bellomo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
2. Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
Interests: vascular and endovascular surgery
Dr. Abhisekh A. Mohapatra

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
Interests: vascular and endovascular surgery

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue delves into the intricate mechanisms underlying vascular disorders, showcasing cutting-edge diagnostic techniques, ranging from non-invasive imaging to biomarker analysis. We examine the prognostic value of these tools in predicting disease progression and tailoring individualized treatment strategies. With a focus on evidence-based approaches and emerging research, our aim is to empower healthcare professionals with the knowledge they need to optimize outcomes for patients facing the burden of vascular diseases.

Dr. Tiffany R. Bellomo
Dr. Abhisekh A. Mohapatra
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diagnostics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • diagnosis
  • management
  • vascular diseases
  • marker
  • non-invasive imaging

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 2602 KiB  
Article
The Role of Muscle Density in Predicting the Amputation Risk in Peripheral Arterial Disease: A Tissue Composition Study Using Lower Extremity CT Angiography
by Yueh-Hung Lin, Pei-Shan Tsai, Chung-Lieh Hung, Mirza Faisal Beg, Hung-I Yeh, Chun-Ho Yun and Ming-Ting Wu
Diagnostics 2025, 15(11), 1439; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15111439 - 5 Jun 2025
Viewed by 375
Abstract
Objectives: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a common vascular condition with amputation as a major complication. While muscle volume and vascular severity is often considered in risk prediction, the prognostic value of muscle density remains underexplored. Methods: In this exploratory study, we [...] Read more.
Objectives: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a common vascular condition with amputation as a major complication. While muscle volume and vascular severity is often considered in risk prediction, the prognostic value of muscle density remains underexplored. Methods: In this exploratory study, we retrospectively analyzed 134 patients undergoing lower-limb computed tomography angiography between January 2018 and December 2023. Muscle density (MD), muscle volume, intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT), and vascular severity scores were quantified using deep learning software. Patients were stratified into non-PAD, mild PAD, and critical limb ischemia (CLI) groups. Multivariate Cox regression assessed associations with amputation risk. Results: PAD patients, especially those with CLI, had lower muscle volumes (e.g., total leg: 7945.3 ± 2012.5 cm3 in CLI vs. 11,161.6 ± 4670.4 cm3 in non-PAD), lower muscle densities (e.g., lower leg: 34.0 ± 10.5 HU in CLI vs. 44.1 ± 6.9 HU in non-PAD), higher intermuscular adipose tissue volume percentage (e.g., total leg: 15.6 ± 5.4% in CLI vs. 10.5 ± 3.6% in non-PAD), and higher vascular severity scores (e.g., total leg: 12.6 ± 5.0 in CLI vs. 0.1 ± 0.3 in non-PAD), compared to non-PAD individuals. Only muscle density (MD) including that of abdominal muscle, thigh muscle, and lower leg muscle remained significant predictors of amputation risk after adjusting for confounders. Multivariate Cox regression models, adjusted for demographics and comorbidities, revealed that lower MD of abdomen (<18.7 HU; HR, 6.50, 95% CI, 1.95–21.77), thigh (<27.8 HU; HR, 5.00, 95% CI, 1.60–15.66), and lower leg (<32.4 HU; HR, 6.89, 95% CI, 2.17–21.93) muscles were independently associated with increased amputation risk. Conclusions: Muscle density, reflecting muscle quality rather than quantity, was an independent predictor of amputation risk in PAD. These findings highlight the prognostic value of muscle quality and support the integration of advanced imaging techniques, such as automated CTA-based body composition analysis, for risk stratification in PAD patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Management of Vascular Diseases)
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10 pages, 687 KiB  
Article
Development and Validation of Quality Indicators for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Management in Japan: A Modified Delphi Consensus Study
by Yuichi Tamura, Kazuya Hosokawa, Koshin Horimoto, Satoshi Ikeda, Takumi Inami, Kayoko Kubota, Naohiko Nakanishi, Yuichiro Shirai, Nobuhiro Tanabe, Ichizo Tsujino and Hiromi Matsubara
Diagnostics 2024, 14(23), 2656; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14232656 - 25 Nov 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1052
Abstract
Background: Quality indicators (QIs) are used to standardize care and improve outcomes in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). It is important that QIs are validated within specific healthcare contexts. Therefore, this study aimed to validate QIs for PAH management in Japan using [...] Read more.
Background: Quality indicators (QIs) are used to standardize care and improve outcomes in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). It is important that QIs are validated within specific healthcare contexts. Therefore, this study aimed to validate QIs for PAH management in Japan using a modified Delphi consensus method. Methods: QI candidates were identified from published European QIs and clinical practice guidelines. An expert panel of 11 PAH specialists from diverse Japanese institutions anonymously rated the 36 initial QI candidates in two rounds using a nine-point appropriateness scale. Results: In the first round, 35 QIs received a median score of ≥7 points. A panel discussion was held between rounds to address the single low-scored QI, biomarker modifications, and invasive examinations, resulting in 36 modified QIs. In the second round, all modified QIs received median scores of ≥7 points and were judged to be valid as the final Japanese set of QIs. Conclusions: The findings of this study validated a set of QIs for PAH management tailored to the Japanese healthcare context. These QIs can be used to standardize care, identify areas for improvement, and ultimately enhance outcomes for Japanese patients with PAH. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Management of Vascular Diseases)
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