Interventional Radiology in 2025–2026: From Technological Innovation to Clinical Optimization

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Medical Imaging and Theranostics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2026 | Viewed by 893

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Cardarelli Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy
Interests: application of interventional radiology in the fields of emergency; vascular diseases and oncology
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Interventional Radiology (IR) boundaries are expanding year by year with new fields of application and technical developments. Nowadays, many emergency, oncology, and vascular diseases are handled with mini-invasive approaches, both in peripheral and neurological environments; this is related to high clinical values of the procedures associated with low complications and hospital stay, ending in favourable cost-effective ratios.

This Special Issue on new developments in the field of IR aims to focus especially on embolizations (emergency and elective settings), oncological treatments and thromboaspirations interventions, running from diagnostic pathways to technical aspects of the procedures and clinical evaluations.

Also, new devices and new applications of already existing devices will be of particular interest.

Dr. Francesco Giurazza
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • emergency
  • oncology
  • arterial
  • vascular diseases
  • extravascular-bleedings
  • aneurysms
  • vascular malformations
  • neurointerventions

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

16 pages, 8501 KB  
Article
Angiography-Assisted Cone-Beam CT-Guided Radiofrequency Ablation for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Single-Center Workflow and Early Outcomes
by Jung Ui Hong, Soon Gu Cho, Kyu Hong Lee, Ji Hoon Noh and Ro Woon Lee
Diagnostics 2025, 15(22), 2898; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15222898 - 15 Nov 2025
Viewed by 420
Abstract
Background: Conventional CT- or US-guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) often limits repeat contrast-enhanced imaging and provides suboptimal intraprocedural conspicuity, which can hinder precise targeting and margin assessment. Purpose: To describe a single-center angiography-assisted cone–beam CT (angio-CBCT) RFA workflow and report [...] Read more.
Background: Conventional CT- or US-guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) often limits repeat contrast-enhanced imaging and provides suboptimal intraprocedural conspicuity, which can hinder precise targeting and margin assessment. Purpose: To describe a single-center angiography-assisted cone–beam CT (angio-CBCT) RFA workflow and report early outcomes versus an institutional conventional CT-guided cohort. Materials and Methods: In this IRB-approved single-center retrospective study, consecutive patients underwent angio-CBCT-guided RFA for HCC (n = 14). Selective intra-arterial injections (≈20–40 mL iodinated contrast per CBCT) through a 5-Fr catheter permitted multiple intraprocedural CBCT acquisitions for targeting, verification, and endpoint assessment under general anesthesia. Primary outcomes were technical success, early local recurrence, and complications (CTCAE v6.0). For a secondary imaging analysis, within-patient change in lesion conspicuity (ΔHU = HU_tumor − HU_liver) from preprocedural contrast-enhanced CT to intraprocedural imaging was compared in available cases (angio-CBCT n = 12; conventional CT n = 13). Descriptive statistics were used. Results: Angio-CBCT RFA achieved technical success in 14/14 (100%) procedures; early local recurrence was 0/14 (0.0%); and one complication occurred (1/14, 7.1%; Grade 3). Intraprocedural refinements included immediate re-ablation in 3/14 (21.4%) and electrode repositioning in 2/14 (14.3%), with on-table detection of an additional lesion in 1/14 (7.1%). In the institutional conventional cohort, technical success was 19/20 (95.0%), early local recurrence 2/20 (10.0%), and complications 0/20 (0%). Lesion conspicuity improved with angio-CBCT (median ΔHU 290.1 HU, n = 12) but not with conventional CT (−10.5 HU, n = 13). Conclusions: Angio-CBCT-guided RFA for HCC is feasible and safe and enables repeatable, low-volume contrast-enhanced intraprocedural imaging that supports precise targeting, verification, and timely refinements. Early outcomes and markedly improved lesion conspicuity suggest potential advantages over conventional CT-guided workflows and warrant prospective validation in larger cohorts. Full article
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