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Diagnostics
Special Issues
Diagnosis and Management in Cardiac Intensive Care Medicine
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Diagnosis and Management in Cardiac Intensive Care Medicine

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Diagnosis and Prognosis".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 August 2026 | Viewed by 4962

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Elad Asher

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Jesselson Integrated Heart Center, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Eisenberg R&D Authority and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9103102, Israel
Interests: ACS; cardiogenic shock; interventional cardiology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cardiac intensive care medicine has evolved significantly in recent decades, transitioning from being primarily focused on acute myocardial infarction to a multidisciplinary domain that addresses a broad spectrum of complex cardiovascular emergencies. With advances in diagnostic imaging, hemodynamic monitoring, mechanical circulatory support, and pharmacotherapy, the management of critically ill cardiac patients now demands a highly specialized and integrative approach. Despite these innovations, outcomes in cardiac intensive care units (CICUs) continue to vary, highlighting the need for continuous improvements in clinical protocols, diagnostic precision, and individualized patient care.

This Special Issue, Diagnosis and Management in Cardiac Intensive Care Medicine, aims to explore recent advancements, emerging technologies, and evidence-based practices that are transforming care in CICUs. Topics will include novel diagnostic tools, biomarkers, risk stratification models, and therapeutic strategies for conditions such as cardiogenic shock, acute decompensated heart failure, arrhythmias, and post-cardiac arrest syndrome. The issue also seeks to address system-level challenges, including resource utilization, team-based care models, and ethical considerations in high-stakes environments.

By bringing together original research, reviews, and clinical perspectives, this Special Issue endeavors to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state and future directions of cardiac intensive care medicine. It will serve as a valuable resource for intensivists, cardiologists, emergency physicians, and allied healthcare professionals committed to improving outcomes for patients with critical cardiovascular conditions.

Prof. Dr. Elad Asher
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diagnostics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • cardiac intensive care
  • cardiogenic shock
  • acute heart failure
  • hemodynamic monitoring
  • mechanical circulatory support
  • post-cardiac arrest care
  • critical care cardiology

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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13 pages, 1121 KB  
Article
Clinical Outcomes and Applicability of Emergency Department Termination-of-Resuscitation Rules in Super-Elderly Patients with Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Multicenter Analysis
by Yongkeun Park, Yujin Lee, Jeseop Lee and Tae-Youn Kim
Diagnostics 2026, 16(11), 1653; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics16111653 - 27 May 2026
Viewed by 187
Abstract
Introduction: The global aging population has led to a rapid increase in patients aged ≥ 80 years experiencing out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). This study used data from three domestic university hospitals to analyze the clinical characteristics and prognoses of elderly patients and [...] Read more.
Introduction: The global aging population has led to a rapid increase in patients aged ≥ 80 years experiencing out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). This study used data from three domestic university hospitals to analyze the clinical characteristics and prognoses of elderly patients and evaluate the validity of age-based criteria for termination of resuscitation (TOR). Methods: This study included 1234 adult patients with nontraumatic OHCA who presented to the emergency departments of three hospitals between 2015 and 2021. The patients were categorized as non-elderly (<65 years), elderly (65–79 years), or super-elderly (≥80 years), and outcomes, including return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), survival to discharge, and favorable neurological outcomes (Cerebral Performance Category 1–2), were analyzed. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) with Wilson 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of the W−/D−/R− (unwitnessed/non-shockable/no prehospital ROSC) rule were calculated for both the full cohort and the super-elderly subgroup. Results: The super-elderly patients (n = 466) had significantly lower rates of ROSC, survival to discharge, and favorable neurological outcomes than the other age groups. Multivariate analysis revealed that extreme old age was a strong negative predictor of favorable neurological outcomes. For super-elderly patients as a whole (n = 466), the survival rate was only 2.4%, and the favorable neurological outcome rate was only 0.6%. Conclusions: Although the prognosis for super-elderly patients with OHCA is extremely poor, the possibility of survival is not entirely “zero.” Therefore, applying a multifactorial ED TOR rule that comprehensively considers whether the arrest was witnessed, the initial rhythm, and whether on-scene ROSC occurred, rather than relying solely on age criteria, would be more rational and aid in ethical decision-making. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Management in Cardiac Intensive Care Medicine)
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14 pages, 1188 KB  
Article
Kinetics of High-Sensitive Cardiac Troponin I in Patients with ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Non-ST Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
by Adi Haizler, Ranel Loutati, Louay Taha, Mohammad Karmi, Dana Deeb, Mohammed Manassra, Noam Fink, Pierre Sabouret, Jamal S. Rana, Mamas A. Mamas, Ofir Rabi, Akiva Brin, Amro Moatz, Maayan Shrem, Abed Qadan, Nir Levi, Michael Glikson, Elad Asher and on behalf of the Jerusalem Platelets Thrombosis and Intervention in Cardiology (JUPITER-26) Study Group
Diagnostics 2025, 15(18), 2390; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15182390 - 19 Sep 2025
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2892
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Existing data regarding the kinetics of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) are limited. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the kinetics of highly sensitive (hs) cTnI following acute myocardial infarction (MI) in a large-scale, real-world cohort. Methods: A prospective observational [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Existing data regarding the kinetics of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) are limited. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the kinetics of highly sensitive (hs) cTnI following acute myocardial infarction (MI) in a large-scale, real-world cohort. Methods: A prospective observational cohort study included all consecutive patients admitted to the intensive cardiovascular care unit (ICCU) with ST-segment elevation MI (STEMI) and non-ST-segment elevation MI (NSTEMI) who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) between January 2020 and April 2024. Hs-cTnI concentrations were measured at the time of presentation and daily thereafter. Results: A total of 1174 STEMI patients [191 females (16.3%)] with a mean age of 63 years and 767 NSTEMI patients [137 females (17.9%)] with a mean age of 66.7 years were enrolled. The average hs-cTnI peak levels were 77,937.99 ng/L and 24,804.73 ng/L for STEMI and NSTEMI patients, respectively. A single peak of hs-cTnI was observed in 83% and 78% of STEMI and NSTEMI patients, respectively, while two peaks were observed in 11% and 19% and three or more peaks were observed in 6% and 3% of STEMI and NSTEMI patients, respectively. A higher number of peaks was associated with a lower ejection fraction and more in-hospital complications. Additionally, a higher number of peaks correlated with a higher in-hospital mortality rate among NSTEMI patients. Conclusions: Most STEMI and NSTEMI patients displayed a monophasic kinetic pattern of hs-cTnI peak levels. However, a greater number of hs-cTnI peaks was linked to a higher incidence of clinical complications, lower ejection fraction, and increased mortality. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Management in Cardiac Intensive Care Medicine)
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10 pages, 2236 KB  
Brief Report
When the All-Purpose Tool Fails: Manufacturer-Specific Time Dependency of Magnet Mode in Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices
by Fabienne Kreimer, Dennis Korthals, Julian Wolfes, Christian Ellermann, Florian Doldi, Gerrit Frommeyer, Florian Reinke, Lars Eckardt and Felix K. Wegner
Diagnostics 2025, 15(23), 3056; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15233056 - 29 Nov 2025
Viewed by 1125
Abstract
Background: Previously unreported, the induction of the magnet mode is time-dependent, according to the cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) manufacturer, directly after device interrogation. The aim of this study was to systematically investigate the response of CIED from all major manufacturers to the [...] Read more.
Background: Previously unreported, the induction of the magnet mode is time-dependent, according to the cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) manufacturer, directly after device interrogation. The aim of this study was to systematically investigate the response of CIED from all major manufacturers to the application of a magnet. Methods: CIED from all manufacturers were utilized and connected to an interactive heart simulator (InterSim III, IB Lang). After the end of CIED interrogation, a CIED magnet was placed over the device, and the response was analyzed. Results: Fifteen ICD and eight pacemakers were included. ICDs from the manufacturers Abbott, Boston Scientific, Medtronic and Microport reacted immediately to magnet application by inhibiting antitachycardia function directly after interrogation. In the Biotronik ICD, the magnet mode was only inducible five to seven minutes after the end of the interrogation. In addition, after eight hours of magnet application, the antitachycardia function was automatically and permanently reactivated in all Biotronik ICDs. Pacemakers of Biotronik, Abbott, Boston Scientific, and Microport responded immediately after device interrogation regarding the magnet application. In contrast, Medtronic pacemakers responded only 1.5 min after device interrogation. Conclusions: Magnet mode induction directly after CIED interrogation is manufacturer-specific. Our findings might be of importance when performing invasive procedures with devices that cause electrical interference and in palliative care. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Management in Cardiac Intensive Care Medicine)
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