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Diagnostics
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Recent Advances in Clinical Biochemistry
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Recent Advances in Clinical Biochemistry

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Laboratory Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2025 | Viewed by 2061

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Yu Chen

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Horizon Health Network, 180 Woodbridge Street, Fredericton, NB, Canada
2. Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, 6299 South St, Halifax, NS, Canada
3. Discipline of Laboratory Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
Interests: medical biochemistry; clinical toxicology; biomarkers; laboratory test utilization; evidence-based medicine

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue titled "Recent Advances in Clinical Biochemistry” features a compilation of groundbreaking research and updates in the field of clinical biochemistry, highlighting pioneering research and advancements specifically in the diagnostic arena. It delves into the development of novel biomarkers and biotechnological innovations that enhance the early and accurate detection of diseases. The issue covers the latest techniques in proteomic and metabolomic profiling, which are pivotal in identifying disease-specific patterns. It also explores the integration of high-throughput technologies, such as next-generation sequencing and mass spectrometry, in clinical diagnostics. Furthermore, the role of artificial intelligence and machine learning in interpreting complex biochemical data is discussed. This Special Issue underscores the importance of clinical biochemistry in advancing medical diagnosis through innovative and robust methodologies. In addition, this Special Issue will address challenges and opportunities to optimize diagnostic stewardship efforts in all areas of the medical laboratory.

Dr. Yu Chen
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diagnostics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • clinical biochemistry
  • medical diagnosis
  • biomarkers
  • proteomic profiling
  • metabolomic profiling
  • high throughput technologies

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 717 KiB  
Article
Can the Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP) Be a Prognostic Marker for Good Clinical Outcome After Mechanical Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke?
by Sena Boncuk Ulaş, Türkan Acar, Halil Alper Eryılmaz, Esra Ünal, Yeşim Güzey Aras, Eren Kılıç, Hakan Saçlı, Salih Salihi and Bilgehan Atılgan Acar
Diagnostics 2025, 15(8), 947; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15080947 - 8 Apr 2025
Viewed by 235
Abstract
Background: Stroke remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with dyslipidemia playing a crucial role in atherosclerosis and stroke development. The Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP), calculated as log(triglyceride/HDL), has emerged as a biomarker for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular risk. However, [...] Read more.
Background: Stroke remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with dyslipidemia playing a crucial role in atherosclerosis and stroke development. The Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP), calculated as log(triglyceride/HDL), has emerged as a biomarker for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular risk. However, its relationship with stroke prognosis remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between AIP and favorable clinical outcomes at three months in acute ischemic stroke patients undergoing mechanical thrombectomy. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 222 patients who underwent mechanical thrombectomy between December 2019 and April 2023. The association between AIP and demographic variables, etiology, successful recanalization, intracerebral hemorrhage, and three-month mRS was evaluated. AIP values were compared between patients with good (mRS 0–2) and poor (mRS 3–6) clinical outcomes. Results: The most common comorbidity was hypertension (72.1%), followed by AF (50%). Stroke etiologies included large artery atherosclerosis (16.2%), cardioembolism (57.2%), and undetermined causes (26.6%). AIP values were significantly lower in patients with good functional outcomes. Additionally, AIP values were inversely associated with AF but positively correlated with DM and previous stroke history. No significant relationship was observed between the AIP and successful recanalization or intracerebral hemorrhage. Conclusions: This study is the first to demonstrate that elevated AIP is associated with poor functional outcomes after three months in patients undergoing mechanical thrombectomy. Given its strong correlation with prognosis, the AIP may serve as a valuable biomarker for identifying high-risk patients. Future prospective studies are needed to further validate these findings and explore the potential role of the AIP in stroke management. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Clinical Biochemistry)
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19 pages, 1497 KiB  
Article
Diagnostic Accuracy of Golgi Protein 73 (GP73) for Liver Fibrosis Staging in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: A Scoping Review and Cohort Study
by Valentina Pecoraro, Fabio Nascimbeni, Michela Cuccorese, Filippo Gabrielli, Tommaso Fasano and Tommaso Trenti
Diagnostics 2025, 15(5), 544; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15050544 - 24 Feb 2025
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Abstract
Background/Objectives: Golgi protein 73 (GP73) is a transmembrane protein expressed by epithelial cells of the bile duct in the normal liver. High serum levels of GP73 have been detected in patients with acute or chronic liver diseases, MASLD, and its measurement has [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Golgi protein 73 (GP73) is a transmembrane protein expressed by epithelial cells of the bile duct in the normal liver. High serum levels of GP73 have been detected in patients with acute or chronic liver diseases, MASLD, and its measurement has been suggested as a potential biomarker for liver fibrosis staging. We evaluated the utility of GP73 in the diagnosis of MASLD, MASH, and for liver fibrosis staging. Methods: We performed a literature scoping review to map the current evidence about the accuracy of GP73 in patients with MASLD. We searched in Medline and EMBASE for English studies reporting an AUC value of GP73 in diagnosing MASLD and MASH and evaluating GP73 for fibrosis staging. A narrative synthesis of the evidence was conducted. Moreover, we performed an observational study including 84 patients with MASLD, of which 60 were biopsy-confirmed MASH, and different liver fibrosis stages, and 15 healthy controls. Serum GP73 levels were determined using a chemiluminescent assay and reported as mean and standard deviation (SD). Sensitivity (SE), specificity (SP), the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve, and the optimal cut-off value were calculated. Data were considered statistically significant when p < 0.05. Results: Available studies evaluating GP73 in MASLD reported the ability to discriminate MASH from simple steatosis and distinguish patients at different fibrotic stages, but the evidence is still scarce. Our experimental study showed that the serum levels of GP73 were 30 ± 12 ng/mL in MASLD and 32 ± 12 ng/mL in MASH patients and were statistically higher than those of the control group (19 ± 30 ng/mL), increasing from liver fibrosis stage F0 to F4. GP73 levels were significantly higher in patients with significant and advanced fibrosis than controls and no significant fibrosis (p > 0.05). ROC analysis demonstrated that serum GP73 had a good diagnostic potential for MASLD (AUROC 0.85; SE 90%; SP 73%), MASH (AUROC 0.75; SE 82%; SP64%), and significant fibrosis (AUROC 0.7; SE 56%; SP 79%) and was better than other biomarkers for chronic liver diseases. Conclusions: Serum GP73 could support clinicians in the evaluation of patients with MASH and significant fibrosis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Clinical Biochemistry)
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Review

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12 pages, 716 KiB  
Review
Cardiac Markers in Pediatric Laboratory Medicine: Critical Review
by Renata Zrinski Topic and Jasna Lenicek Krleza
Diagnostics 2025, 15(2), 165; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15020165 - 13 Jan 2025
Viewed by 898
Abstract
Currently, there are no validated guidelines or recommendations for how to interpret cardiac biomarkers in the pediatric population. The most commonly used cardiac biomarkers are cardiac troponins and natriuretic peptides, but the clinical value of common cardiac biomarkers in pediatric laboratory medicine is [...] Read more.
Currently, there are no validated guidelines or recommendations for how to interpret cardiac biomarkers in the pediatric population. The most commonly used cardiac biomarkers are cardiac troponins and natriuretic peptides, but the clinical value of common cardiac biomarkers in pediatric laboratory medicine is restricted due to age- and sex-specific interpretations, and there are no standardized cut-off values. The results from the studies on reference values, as well as results from clinical studies, are difficult to compare with identical studies due to the heterogeneity of subject characteristics (gestational and chronological age, sex, pubertal status, menstrual cycle, exercise), assay characteristics (type of assay, generation of assay, analytical platform used), and experimental protocol characteristics (prospective or retrospective studies, reference population selection, patient population selection, inclusion and exclusion criteria, number of subjects). Future studies need to establish evidence-based cut-offs for specific indications to optimize utilization and standardize the interpretation of common cardiac biomarkers in neonates, children, and adolescents. The aim of this article was to summarize the current analytical and clinical limitations of cardiac troponins and natriuretic peptides in the pediatric population, as informed by the existing published literature. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Clinical Biochemistry)
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