Recent Advances in Diagnosis and Treatment of COVID-19

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2023) | Viewed by 4264

Special Issue Editor


E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences Lucknow, Lucknow, India
Interests: clinical trials; rheumatic diseases; stem cell biology; medical science; immunology; autoimmunity; autoimmune disorders; inflammation; real-time PCR; knee

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

As the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is entering its 3rd year, there is no respite from its adverse impact on global healthcare systems. Even today, there is no effective treatment available. With the new virus mutants emerging every day with increased transmissibility and varying severity, scare of delta-mutant type severe virus is looming large on heads. Therefore, research is required on a fast track to provide more effective and quicker tests to detect viral infection and its mutants with more sensitivity, specificity, cost effectivity, and easy-to-use technology. A better understanding of the virus biology, disease pathogenesis, newer targets for treatment, vaccines effective against pan mutants of the virus, newer drugs or forms of therapies, and repurposing of the older available drugs are being explored or are required to be explored. Similarly, preventive strategies are equally important for the healthcare workers and the general population. Additionally, management of COVID-19 in various specific diseases; autoimmune rheumatic diseases, immunodeficiency disorders, organ transplants (recipients of bone marrow, renal transplant, liver transplant, cardiac and lung transplant), end-stage organ diseases (chronic kidney disease, cirrhosis of liver, pulmonary fibrosis), cardiac disorders including coronary artery disease, pregnancy, pre-, intra- and post-surgical patients, oncology patients, and patients on immunosuppressants requires disease-specific considerations and supportive care. More information is required about such scenarios. It is in this context, Diagnostics invites submissions from eminent researchers/clinicians to submit their novel work (original papers, reviews, and case reports) to the journal for its supplement issue ‘Recent Advances in Diagnosis and Treatment of COVID-19’.

Prof. Dr. Vikas Agarwal
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diagnostics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (3 papers)

Order results
Result details
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:

Research

Jump to: Other

8 pages, 1312 KiB  
Communication
Clinical Evaluation of an Antigen Home Test Using Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy and Stacking Pad for SARS-CoV-2 Screening with Nasal and Salivary Swab Samples
by Hyejin Ryu, Eunha Oh, Kyungjae Cha, Kina Kim, Soohyun Kim and Dohsik Minn
Diagnostics 2023, 13(5), 880; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13050880 - 24 Feb 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 948
Abstract
This prospective study aimed to evaluate the performance of the InstaView COVID-19 (coronavirus diseases 2019) Antigen Home Test (InstaView AHT) which detects severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antigens. In this test kit, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy was used, a stacking pad was [...] Read more.
This prospective study aimed to evaluate the performance of the InstaView COVID-19 (coronavirus diseases 2019) Antigen Home Test (InstaView AHT) which detects severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antigens. In this test kit, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy was used, a stacking pad was inserted, and nasal swab and salivary swab samples were used simultaneously to improve performance. The clinical performance of the InstaView AHT was compared to that of RT-PCR using nasopharyngeal samples. The participants without any prior training were recruited and performed the sample collection, testing, and interpretation of the results by themselves. Of the 91 PCR-positive patients, 85 had positive InstaView AHT results. The sensitivity and specificity of the InstaView AHT were 93.4% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 86.2–97.5) and 99.4% (95% CI: 98.2–99.9). The sensitivity of the InstaView AHT was above 90% for all samples obtained from patients with Ct ≤ 20, 20 < Ct ≤ 25, and 25 < Ct ≤ 30 (100%, 95.1%, and 92.0%, respectively). The InstaView AHT can be used as an alternative to RT-PCR testing because of its relatively high sensitivity and specificity, especially when SARS-CoV-2 prevalence is high, and the availability of RT-PCR testing is limited. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Diagnosis and Treatment of COVID-19)
Show Figures

Figure 1

Other

Jump to: Research

9 pages, 1707 KiB  
Brief Report
A Multivariant Surrogate Neutralization Assay Identifies Variant-Specific Neutralizing Antibody Profiles in Primary SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Infection
by David Niklas Springer, Marianna Traugott, Elisabeth Reuberger, Klaus Benjamin Kothbauer, Christian Borsodi, Michelle Nägeli, Theresa Oelschlägel, Hasan Kelani, Oliver Lammel, Josef Deutsch, Elisabeth Puchhammer-Stöckl, Eva Höltl, Judith Helene Aberle, Karin Stiasny and Lukas Weseslindtner
Diagnostics 2023, 13(13), 2278; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13132278 - 05 Jul 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1033
Abstract
Primary infection with the Omicron variant of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can be serologically identified with distinct profiles of neutralizing antibodies (nAbs), as indicated by high titers against the Omicron variant and low titers against the ancestral wild-type (WT). [...] Read more.
Primary infection with the Omicron variant of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can be serologically identified with distinct profiles of neutralizing antibodies (nAbs), as indicated by high titers against the Omicron variant and low titers against the ancestral wild-type (WT). Here, we evaluated whether a novel surrogate virus neutralization assay (sVNT) that simultaneously quantifies the binding inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) to the proteins of the WT- and Omicron-specific receptor-binding domains (RBDs) can identify nAb profiles after primary Omicron infection with accuracy similar to that of variant-specific live-virus neutralization tests (NTs). Therefore, we comparatively tested 205 samples from individuals after primary infection with the Omicron variant and the WT, and vaccinated subjects with or without Omicron breakthrough infections. Indeed, variant-specific RBD-ACE2 binding inhibition levels significantly correlated with respective NT titers (p < 0.0001, Spearman’s r = 0.92 and r = 0.80 for WT and Omicron, respectively). In addition, samples from individuals after primary Omicron infection were securely identified with the sVNT according to their distinctive nAb profiles (area under the curve = 0.99; sensitivity: 97.2%; specificity: 97.84%). Thus, when laborious live-virus NTs are not feasible, the novel sVNT we evaluated in this study may serve as an acceptable substitute for the serological identification of individuals with primary Omicron infection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Diagnosis and Treatment of COVID-19)
Show Figures

Figure 1

8 pages, 851 KiB  
Brief Report
Development of a Method for Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Antibodies on Dried Blood Spot by DELFIA Immunoassay
by Verena Damiani, Erika Pizzinato, Ilaria Cicalini, Gianmaria Demattia, Mirco Zucchelli, Luca Natale, Claudia Palmarini, Claudia Di Marzio, Luca Federici, Vincenzo De Laurenzi and Damiana Pieragostino
Diagnostics 2023, 13(5), 897; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13050897 - 27 Feb 2023
Viewed by 1777
Abstract
Antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein are produced by the immune system in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, but most available vaccines developed to fight the pandemic spread target the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. The aim of this study was to improve the detection of [...] Read more.
Antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein are produced by the immune system in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, but most available vaccines developed to fight the pandemic spread target the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. The aim of this study was to improve the detection of antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid by providing a simple and robust method applicable to a large population. For this purpose, we developed a DELFIA immunoassay on dried blood spots (DBSs) by converting a commercially available IVD ELISA assay. A total of forty-seven paired plasma and dried blood spots were collected from vaccinated and/or previously SARS-CoV-2-infected subjects. The DBS-DELFIA resulted in a wider dynamic range and higher sensitivity for detecting antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid. Moreover, the DBS-DELFIA showed a good total intra-assay coefficient of variability of 14.6%. Finally, a strong correlation was found between SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid antibodies detected by the DBS-DELFIA and ELISA immunoassays (r = 0.9). Therefore, the association of dried blood sampling with DELFIA technology may provide an easier, minimally invasive, and accurate measurement of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid antibodies in previously SARS-CoV-2-infected subjects. In conclusion, these results justify further research to develop a certified IVD DBS-DELFIA assay for detecting SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid antibodies useful for diagnostics as well as for serosurveillance studies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Diagnosis and Treatment of COVID-19)
Show Figures

Figure 1

Back to TopTop