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Crystals
Special Issues
Processing, Structure and Properties of TiAl Alloys
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Processing, Structure and Properties of TiAl Alloys

A special issue of Crystals (ISSN 2073-4352). This special issue belongs to the section "Crystalline Metals and Alloys".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 March 2023) | Viewed by 8342

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Henggao Xiang

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Guest Editor
MIIT Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallic and Intermetallic Materials Technology Engineering Research Center of Materials Behavior and Design, Ministry of Education Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
Interests: TiAl alloys; processing; microstructure; properties
Dr. Shuang Shi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
Interests: electron beam melting; directional solidification; inclusion control; superalloys; microstructure and properties
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Gong Zheng

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
MIIT Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallic and Intermetallic Materials Technology Engineering Research Center of Materials Behavior and Design, Ministry of Education Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
Interests: TiAl alloys; microstructure; phase transformation; properties
Dr. Zhixiang Qi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
MIIT Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallic and Intermetallic Materials Technology Engineering Research Center of Materials Behavior and Design, Ministry of Education Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
Interests: TiAl alloys; processing; microstructure; properties
Dr. Hao Xu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
MIIT Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallic and Intermetallic Materials Technology Engineering Research Center of Materials Behavior and Design, Ministry of Education Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
Interests: TiAl alloys; processing; microstructure; properties
Dr. Yang Chen

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
MIIT Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallic and Intermetallic Materials Technology Engineering Research Center of Materials Behavior and Design, Ministry of Education Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
Interests: TiAl alloys; processing; microstructure; properties

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

As a type of high-temperature structural material with both a light weight and high strength, TiAl intermetallic alloys own excellent properties such as heat, corrosion and creep resistance and are considered to be the perfect material to replace Ni-based superalloys applied in aeronautic and astronautic devices to reduce weight. However, since gamma-TiAl alloys were first reported in the early 1950s, it has taken more than half a century to bring this promising material to industry usage. Although great efforts have been devoted to introducing TiAl alloys into the market, up to now, the most successful commercial application only points to the low turbine blades in GEnx engines. The main barriers that hinder their wide application lie in the low room-temperature ductility, difficult processing and shaping, high manufacturing costs and limited service temperature. Therefore, a great deal of research on TiAl alloys is still needed to advance the processing technique, refine their microstructure, improve their mechanical properties and, in the meantime, rationalize the production costs for specific components. This Special Issue aims to present the current status and recent progress of knowledge on the correlation between the processing technology, microstructure control and mechanical behavior of TiAl-based alloys for different industrial applications.

Dr. Henggao Xiang
Dr. Shuang Shi
Dr. Gong Zheng
Dr. Zhixiang Qi
Dr. Hao Xu
Dr. Yang Chen
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Crystals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • TiAl alloys
  • processing
  • microstructure
  • mechanical properties
  • application

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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10 pages, 6457 KiB  
Article
High Temperature Fatigue Behavior and Failure Mechanism of Ti-45Al-4Nb-1Mo-0.15B Alloy
by Kanghe Jiang, Wei Li, Jingwei Chen, Li Ma, Wu Zeng and Junjie Yang
Crystals 2022, 12(11), 1669; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst12111669 - 19 Nov 2022
Viewed by 966
Abstract
Strain-controlled low cycle fatigue experiments were carried out on the TiAl alloy Ti-45Al-4Nb-1Mo-0.15B at 400 °C and 750 °C to reveal the cyclic mechanical behavior and failure mechanism. The TiAl alloy presents stable cyclic characteristics under fatigue loading at elevated temperatures. No obvious [...] Read more.
Strain-controlled low cycle fatigue experiments were carried out on the TiAl alloy Ti-45Al-4Nb-1Mo-0.15B at 400 °C and 750 °C to reveal the cyclic mechanical behavior and failure mechanism. The TiAl alloy presents stable cyclic characteristics under fatigue loading at elevated temperatures. No obvious cyclic softening or cyclic hardening was manifested during experiments. The cyclic stress–strain relationship is well described by the Ramberg–Osgood equation. The fatigue lifetime at different temperatures has a log-linear relationship with the total strain ranges. The fracture morphology indicates the main fracture mode of fatigue specimens at 400 °C is a brittle fracture, while there is a ductile fracture at 750 °C. Meanwhile, the trans-lamellar fracture is dominant for the lamellar microstructure and the percentages of the inter-lamellar fracture decreases with the strain amplitude. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Processing, Structure and Properties of TiAl Alloys)
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15 pages, 5713 KiB  
Article
Mechanical and Physical Characterizations of a Three-Phase TiAl Alloy during Near Isothermal Forging
by Xuexia Zhao, Junxin Wei, Hui Niu, Shouzhen Cao, Zhihao Du, Yi Jia, Haoming Yao, Zhixiong Zhang and Jianchao Han
Crystals 2022, 12(10), 1391; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst12101391 - 01 Oct 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1281
Abstract
TiAl alloy is a high temperature structural material with excellent comprehensive properties in the range of 750–900 °C. However, its engineering application is limited by its poor plasticity and hot working properties at room temperature. Based on the above background, a novel three-phase [...] Read more.
TiAl alloy is a high temperature structural material with excellent comprehensive properties in the range of 750–900 °C. However, its engineering application is limited by its poor plasticity and hot working properties at room temperature. Based on the above background, a novel three-phase Ti-40Al-6V-1Cr-0.3Ni (at.%) alloy was designed and fabricated in the present study. The as-cast ingot was subjected to near-isothermal forging, and the thermoplastic deformation behavior, microstructure evolution and mechanical properties were systematically studied. Near-isothermal forging shows excellent forming capability, and the forging disk is flawless without cracking. The core of the forging disk shows the greatest degree of deformation, and the microstructure is composed of fine equiaxed grains and residual (α2/γ) lamellae. The hardness of the B2 phase and the hardness difference between the B2 phase and γ phase are reduced by the Cr and V elements added in the alloy. The wrought alloy exhibits excellent mechanical properties at room temperature and elevated temperature, respectively. The uniform fine microstructure, low nanohardness of the B2 and γ phase and the property matching of each phase can be accounted for the excellent mechanical properties. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Processing, Structure and Properties of TiAl Alloys)
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14 pages, 7874 KiB  
Article
Crystallographic Origin of Phase Transformation and Lamellar Orientation Control for TiAl-Based Alloys
by Gong Zheng, Haixin Peng, Xinfu Gu, Zhi Jin, Yang Chen, Zhixiang Qi, Hao Xu, Fengrui Chen, Yuede Cao, Chenming Feng and Guang Chen
Crystals 2022, 12(5), 634; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst12050634 - 28 Apr 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2386
Abstract
TiAl intermetallics are typical metallic materials involving complex solid-state phase transformations, with crystal orientations that are difficult to control due to multi-transformation variants. However, lamellar orientation control is crucial to the development of a polysynthetic twinned single crystal structure in TiAl-based alloys for [...] Read more.
TiAl intermetallics are typical metallic materials involving complex solid-state phase transformations, with crystal orientations that are difficult to control due to multi-transformation variants. However, lamellar orientation control is crucial to the development of a polysynthetic twinned single crystal structure in TiAl-based alloys for jet engines or other high-temperature systems. In this study, β-solidifying TiAl alloys were used to study the relationships between the lamellar structure and the phase transformation process under directional solidification (referred to as the directional phase transformation, DPT). It was found that the β → α phase transition affects the lamellar orientations and that the subsequent process of α → α2 + γ leads to the final formation of the polysynthetic lamellar structure. Detailed analyses based on crystallography show that the β/α phase interface is responsible for the different oriented lamellar structures with the 0° or 45° orientation. With a lower interfacial energy, the 0° oriented α phase nucleates more easily but grows much more slowly than the 45° oriented α phases during DPT, which makes it feasible to control the lamellar orientations for TiAl-based alloys. The crystallographic origin for the control of lamellar orientations was then studied and confirmed by using EBSD in a β-solidifying Ti–Al–Nb alloy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Processing, Structure and Properties of TiAl Alloys)
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Review

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10 pages, 1218 KiB  
Review
Crystalline Zeolite Layers on the Surface of Titanium Alloys in Biomedical Applications: Current Knowledge and Possible Directions of Development
by Marcel Jakubowski, Adam Voelkel and Mariusz Sandomierski
Crystals 2022, 12(11), 1520; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst12111520 - 26 Oct 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2862
Abstract
In this review, the main focus was on the use of zeolites as layers to modify the surface of titanium implants. The article discusses the basic methods for modifying the functional properties of zeolites (e.g., ion exchange) as well as biomedical applications of [...] Read more.
In this review, the main focus was on the use of zeolites as layers to modify the surface of titanium implants. The article discusses the basic methods for modifying the functional properties of zeolites (e.g., ion exchange) as well as biomedical applications of zeolites (e.g., drug delivery systems and biosensors). The article reviews the surface modifications of titanium alloys prepared so far with the use of various types of zeolites and selected examples are presented. This review shows the significant impact of titanium surface modification with zeolites, as well as their post-synthetic modification on implant properties, for instance, better biocompatibility, faster osseointegration, better cell adhesion, and corrosion resistance properties. The results of the research presented so far in this review show that the modification of titanium with zeolite layers is a very prospective subject, but underdeveloped, as evidenced by a small number of studies on this subject. We have shown that the prepared layers can be continuously improved and used, e.g., as local delivery systems for various active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). We hope that the prepared review will help research groups around the world in the preparation of implants modified with zeolites with even better properties and utility applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Processing, Structure and Properties of TiAl Alloys)
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