Pulmonary Function in Children with Respiratory Symptoms

A special issue of Children (ISSN 2227-9067). This special issue belongs to the section "Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 5 August 2025 | Viewed by 531

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Third Pediatric Discipline, Department 8, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400124 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Interests: pediatric pneumology; asthma phenotypes; reccurent wheezing

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Mother and Child Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Interests: paediatrics; paediatric pulmonology; asthma

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Pulmonary function tests are reliable and objective methods to assess lung functionality. The most commonly used is spirometry, which is available in the majority of pediatric wards and offices. Since spirometry is painless, non-invasive, repeatable, relatively easy to perform, and offers instant objective data, it has become a valuable diagnostic tool in pediatric pneumology and has been used to rule out asthma in some children. It is also a useful tool for monitoring the course of chronic disorders. In young children, especially infants and neonates, other methods are required for lung function assessment. Impulse oscillometry and body pletismography are less commonly used but may provide a better understanding of pulmonary function. In addition to children with asthma, cystic fibrosis, or bronchopulmonary dysplasia, those with neuromuscular conditions might benefit from lung function tests. In conclusion, pulmonary function testing is a valuable topic of interest not only in pediatric pneumology but in other aspects of childhood health.

Dr. Paraschiva Cherecheș-Panța
Prof. Dr. Sorin Claudiu Man
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • asthma
  • lung function in preschoolers
  • spirometry
  • maximal mid-expiratory flow (MMEF)
  • body plethysmography
  • fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO)
  • impulse oscillometry

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

24 pages, 592 KiB  
Article
Development of a Clinical Risk Assessment Score for Respiratory Distress Due to Respiratory Infections in Early Infancy
by Cristina Elena Singer, Cristina Popescu, Diana-Maria Trasca, Renata-Maria Varut, Rebecca-Cristiana Serban, Jaqueline Abdul-Razzak and Virginia-Maria Radulescu
Children 2025, 12(6), 746; https://doi.org/10.3390/children12060746 - 9 Jun 2025
Viewed by 300
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Neonatal and infant respiratory distress carries high morbidity, and severity can vary with gestational maturity and perinatal factors. Early risk stratification may improve outcomes, but existing assessment tools do not fully address age-related risk differences. We aimed to develop and validate a [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Neonatal and infant respiratory distress carries high morbidity, and severity can vary with gestational maturity and perinatal factors. Early risk stratification may improve outcomes, but existing assessment tools do not fully address age-related risk differences. We aimed to develop and validate a Neonatal Clinical Risk Assessment Score (N-CRAS) for predicting severity in neonates and young infants with respiratory distress due to respiratory infection. Methods: This pilot score was applied exclusively to a cohort of forty neonates and young infants with respiratory distress secondary to infectious causes, as defined by clinical and laboratory parameters. Clinical variables (gestational age, delivery mode, birth weight category, and APGAR score) were recorded and analyzed for associations with illness severity. We developed the N-CRAS (0–5 points) encompassing five indicators of severe illness (respiratory infection, metabolic disorder, need for symptomatic treatment, mechanical ventilation, and intubation), each contributing 1 point. Patients were stratified as low (0–1), moderate (2–3), or high (4–5) risk. Chi-square tests and Spearman correlation assessed associations, and an ROC curve evaluated the score’s predictive performance for intubation. Results: No individual perinatal factor was significantly associated with respiratory illness severity. The N-CRAS increased with infant age (p < 0.05), indicating older infants tended to have more severe disease. All study infants who required intubation fell into the high-risk category (score ≥ 4). The N-CRAS demonstrated excellent discrimination for predicting intubation (ROC area under the curve = 1.00). Conclusions: In this pilot study, the N-CRAS demonstrated a strong correlation with clinical severity and successfully identified all infants who required intubation. However, given the small cohort size and limited number of severe cases, these findings should be interpreted cautiously. Further external validation in larger and more diverse neonatal populations is essential to confirm its predictive utility. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pulmonary Function in Children with Respiratory Symptoms)
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