Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Children: Diagnosis, Treatment Status and Early Recognition

A special issue of Children (ISSN 2227-9067). This special issue belongs to the section "Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 October 2024) | Viewed by 2030

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
Interests: inflammatory bowel disease; pediatric nutrition; endoscopic procedures
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
Interests: inflammatory bowel disease
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD), are chronic immune-mediated disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. They are most often diagnosed in adolescence and young adulthood, with a rising incidence in pediatric populations worldwide, including in emerging nations. IBD continues to have a negative impact on patients’ quality of life, and the rates of complications, surgery and hospitalization remain high. Pediatric IBD comes with unique additional challenges, such as growth impairment, pubertal delay, the psychology of adolescence and the development of body image. In recent years, significant progress in treatments has profoundly changed the management of IBD in children, and changes in therapeutic strategies over the past few decades have altered the natural history of pediatric IBD. Given the progressive enrichment of therapeutic armament and the emergence of new therapeutic objectives and monitoring strategies, this Special Issue will consider early recognition and management strategies in both UC and CD in children through original research and reviews.

Topics of interest include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • IBD genetics, immunology and tolerance;
  • Early recognition, diagnosis and intervention;
  • The role of gut microbiota, intestinal dysbiosis and fecal transplantation;
  • Novel diagnostic approaches, including biomarkers, imaging modalities and other non-invasive techniques for disease assessment;
  • Biologic and non-biologic therapies;
  • Nutritional approaches;
  • Disease monitoring strategies, including therapeutic drug monitoring, mucosal healing and treat-to-target strategies;
  • Disease- and therapy-related complications and surveillance;
  • Advances in surgical intervention.

Dr. Rajmohan Dharmaraj
Dr. Razan H. Alkhouri
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • Crohn’s disease
  • ulcerative colitis
  • imaging
  • biologics
  • nutrition

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

14 pages, 577 KiB  
Review
Infusion Reactions to Infliximab in Pediatric Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
by Rajmohan Dharmaraj, Tess Pei Lemon, Rasha Elmaoued, Ricardo Orlando Castillo and Razan Alkhouri
Children 2024, 11(11), 1366; https://doi.org/10.3390/children11111366 - 10 Nov 2024
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Abstract
Infliximab (IFX) is a recombinant DNA-derived chimeric IgG monoclonal antibody protein that inhibits tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). IFX, like other agents derived from foreign proteins, can cause infusion reactions both during and after the infusion. The incidence of infusion reactions ranges between [...] Read more.
Infliximab (IFX) is a recombinant DNA-derived chimeric IgG monoclonal antibody protein that inhibits tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). IFX, like other agents derived from foreign proteins, can cause infusion reactions both during and after the infusion. The incidence of infusion reactions ranges between 0% and 15% in pediatric patients. The potential underlying mechanisms for these reactions may include anaphylaxis and anaphylactoid reactions, cytokine release syndrome, serum sickness-like reactions, and the development of antibodies against IFX. Several precautions can help reduce the risk of a new infusion reaction, such as a gradual increase in the infusion rate, scheduled infusions, and administering premedication or immunomodulators alongside IFX. Acute mild to moderate reactions often resolve spontaneously after a temporary cessation of the infusion or reduction in the infusion rate. Strategies like graded dose challenges and premedication can be utilized to prevent recurrence. In cases of severe reactions, desensitization or switching to an alternative biologic may be considered. This article aims to review the most recent guidelines for managing IFX-related infusion reactions in pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), relying on the best available evidence. Full article
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