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Children
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Emergency Management and Treatment Strategies in Children Cardiac Arrest
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Emergency Management and Treatment Strategies in Children Cardiac Arrest

A special issue of Children (ISSN 2227-9067). This special issue belongs to the section "Pediatric Emergency Medicine & Intensive Care Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 August 2025 | Viewed by 654

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Martín Otero-Agra

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. REMOSS Research Group, Faculty of Education and Sports Sciences, University of Vigo, 36005 Pontevedra, Spain
2. School of Nursing, University of Vigo, 36005 Pontevedra, Spain
Interests: pediatric basic life support; basic life support teaching; advanced life support teaching
Prof. Dr. Santiago Martínez-Isasi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Simulation, Life Support, and Intensive Care Research Unit (SICRUS), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
2. Primary Care Interventions to Prevent Maternal and Child Chronic Diseases of Perinatal and Developmental Origin (RICORS) (RD21/0012/0025), Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain
3. Clinical Nursing, Emergencies, Simulation and Teaching Innovation Research Group (CLINURSID), Department of Psychiatry, Radiology, Public Health, Nursing, and Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15704 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
Interests: debriefing; basic life support; advanced life support; pediatric life support
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Felipe Fernández-Méndez

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. REMOSS Research Group, Faculty of Education and Sports Sciences, University of Vigo, 36005 Pontevedra, Spain
2. School of Nursing, University of Vigo, 36005 Pontevedra, Spain
3. CLINURSID Research Group, Psychiatry, Radiology, Public Health, Nursing and Medicine Department, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
Interests: advanced life support; neonatal life support; basic life support

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Emergency care of children is a challenging area for healthcare professionals. Children present particularities compared to adults, which make pediatric emergencies a very complex specialty, but one that presents numerous gaps in knowledge for conducting impactful research.

Pediatric emergencies require, in many cases, strategies adapted to the particular characteristics of children and different from those of adults. The aim and scope of this Special Issue is to have studies that focus on the management and treatment of pediatric emergencies or, in any case, on novel strategies in relation to the training of healthcare personnel or first responders focused on pediatric victims.

Types of studies such as randomized clinical trials, observational studies, cohort studies and simulation studies will be welcome in this Special Issue, with the aim of presenting research that fills gaps in knowledge or offers original and novel strategies for the management and treatment of pediatric emergencies or in the training of healthcare personnel.

Dr. Martín Otero-Agra
Prof. Dr. Santiago Martínez-Isasi
Prof. Dr. Felipe Fernández-Méndez
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Children is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • pediatric emergency
  • pediatric life support
  • infant life support
  • simulation training
  • pediatric emergency care
  • pediatric prehospital care
  • pediatric emergency hospital service
  • pediatric cardiac arrest
  • advanced life support

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 1629 KiB  
Article
Characteristics, Outcomes and Mortality Risk Factors of Pediatric In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in Western China: A Retrospective Study Using Utstein Style
by Jiaoyang Cao, Jing Song, Baoju Shan, Changxin Zhu and Liping Tan
Children 2025, 12(5), 579; https://doi.org/10.3390/children12050579 (registering DOI) - 29 Apr 2025
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Abstract
Background: Pediatric in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) remains a critical health challenge with high mortality rates. Limited data from Western China prompted this study to investigate the characteristics of IHCA using the Utstein style. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 456 pediatric patients [...] Read more.
Background: Pediatric in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) remains a critical health challenge with high mortality rates. Limited data from Western China prompted this study to investigate the characteristics of IHCA using the Utstein style. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 456 pediatric patients with IHCA (2018–2022) at the Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University assessed demographics, arrest characteristics, outcomes and mortality risk factors. The primary outcome was survival to discharge; the secondary outcomes included return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) > 20 min, 24 h survival, and favorable neurological outcomes. Logistic regression was used to identify the mortality risk factors. Results: ROSC > 20 min was achieved in 78.07% of cases, with 37.94% surviving to discharge (86.13% of survivors had favorable neurological outcomes). Etiological stratification identified general medical conditions (52.63%) as the predominant diagnoses, with surgical cardiac patients demonstrating superior resuscitation outcomes (ROSC > 20 min: 86.84%, discharge survival: 64.04%). Initial arrest rhythms predominantly featured non-shockable patterns, specifically bradycardia with poor perfusion (79.39%), whereas shockable rhythms (ventricular fibrillation/pulseless ventricular tachycardia) constituted only 4.17% of cases. Multivariable regression analysis identified five independent risk factors: vasoactive infusion before arrest (OR = 7.69), CPR > 35 min (OR = 13.92), emergency intubation (OR = 5.17), administration of >2 epinephrine doses (OR = 3.12), and rearrest (OR = 8.48). Notably, prolonged CPR (>35 min) correlated with higher mortality (8.96% survival vs. 48.54% for 1–15 min), yet all six survivors with CPR > 35 min had favorable neurological outcomes. Conclusions: These findings underscore the persistent challenges in pediatric IHCA management while challenging the conventional CPR duration thresholds for futility. The identified mortality risk factors inform resuscitation decision making and future studies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emergency Management and Treatment Strategies in Children Cardiac Arrest)
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13 pages, 2097 KiB  
Article
ICalled-DIY Device for Hands-On and Low-Cost Adapted Emergency Call Learning: A Simulation Study
by Luis Castro-Alonso, Sheila Vázquez-Álvarez, Santiago Martínez-Isasi, María Fernández-Méndez, Luz Rey-Fernández, María García-Martínez, Adriana Seijas-Vijande, Roberto Barcala-Furelos and Martín Otero-Agra
Children 2025, 12(3), 282; https://doi.org/10.3390/children12030282 - 26 Feb 2025
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Abstract
Objective: To assess the efficacy of a low-cost, Do-It-Yourself training material for emergency call simulation training, compared to a more traditional approach. Methods: A quasi-experimental design without pre-test was used. A final sample of 762 schoolchildren, aged three to twelve years, [...] Read more.
Objective: To assess the efficacy of a low-cost, Do-It-Yourself training material for emergency call simulation training, compared to a more traditional approach. Methods: A quasi-experimental design without pre-test was used. A final sample of 762 schoolchildren, aged three to twelve years, received two training programmes. The control group (C-G) received training using an adult dummy and an authentic smartphone (336 schoolchildren). The experimental group (ICall-G) was trained using a stuffed toy and the ICalled-DIY device, a low-cost simulation consisting of three sheets of paper held together by a ring that simulates a smartphone. The 20 min training was delivered by a nurse using a didactic–demonstration–simulation methodology. The evaluation consisted of a simulation scenario, in which participants had to identify the emergency and make a call and were then evaluated with a checklist. Results: No statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups in unlocking the phone (ICall-G: 84% vs. C-G: 83%; p = 0.78) or dialling 112 to make the call (ICall-G: 91% vs. C-G: 91%; p = 0.89). Hands-free activation in ICall-G was significantly higher (81%) compared to C-G (54%) (p < 0.001). At the pre-primary level, results were lower than those observed in primary education, with minimal differences between the first cycle of primary education and subsequent cycles. Conclusions: The use of a practical, low-cost and adapted tool for emergency call instruction was found to be comparable to a conventional approach. In addition, the use of the ICalled-DIY device was found to be more effective in facilitating the understanding of hands-free activation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emergency Management and Treatment Strategies in Children Cardiac Arrest)
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