Frontiers in Electrophysiology and Arrhythmias

A special issue of Cells (ISSN 2073-4409). This special issue belongs to the section "Cell Methods".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 January 2023) | Viewed by 16116

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
1. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, University Hospital Munich, Campus Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), DE-81377 Munich, Germany
2. Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Munich, Campus Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), DE-81377 Munich, Germany
Interests: electrophysiology; arrhythmia; atrial fibrillation; immuno-rhythmology; macrophages; animal models; mouse models; pig models; translational research
Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
Interests: cardiac arrhythmia; cardio-oncology; cardio-immunology; electrophysiology; calcium handling; hipsc; crispr gene editing; cell assays; exosomes; animal models

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Arrhythmias are common and are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Innovative treatment options have been developed over the last few years and have substantially improved survival but remain ineffective in a number of patients, remain largely symptomatic therapies without targeting the causal factors, and are associated with numerous complications and side effects. Thus, novel therapies which ideally target causal proarrhythmic mechanisms are highly needed but require a better understanding of the underlying pathophysiology and strategies to improve translation from basic science to clinical application.

In the current issue of Cells entitled “Frontiers in Electrophysiology and Arrhythmias”, we aim to provide a collection of articles emphasizing the current knowledge on arrhythmias.

We encourage clinicians and basic and translational scientists to submit original research data, up-to-date review articles, and protocols on methodological aspects. This call for papers is not dedicated to a specific disease, and we will also consider manuscripts on diseases predisposing to arrhythmias, such as diabetes or chronic kidney disease. Potential subjects include but are not limited to:

  • Basic electrophysiology studies (e.g., cellular electrophysiology, molecular mechanisms, genetics);
  • Disease modeling (small and large animal models, transgenic models, etc.);
  • Translational aspects (e.g., validation of basic research findings in large animals);
  • Description of scientific and clinical methods (e.g., state-of-the-art methodology, practical protocols);
  • Current clinical management (e.g., diagnostic approaches, treatment options, preventive strategies);
  • Clinical trials.

Dr. Sebastian Clauß
Dr. Ling Xiao
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • arrhythmia
  • electrophysiology
  • heart
  • cardiovascular
  • pathophysiology
  • remodeling

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 16391 KiB  
Article
Effects of Sex on the Susceptibility for Atrial Fibrillation in Pigs with Ischemic Heart Failure
by Valerie Pauly, Julia Vlcek, Zhihao Zhang, Nora Hesse, Ruibing Xia, Julia Bauer, Simone Loy, Sarah Schneider, Simone Renner, Eckhard Wolf, Stefan Kääb, Dominik Schüttler, Philipp Tomsits and Sebastian Clauss
Cells 2023, 12(7), 973; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells12070973 - 23 Mar 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1970
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most prevalent arrhythmia, often caused by myocardial ischemia/infarction (MI). Men have a 1.5× higher prevalence of AF, whereas women show a higher risk for new onset AF after MI. However, the underlying mechanisms of how sex affects AF [...] Read more.
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most prevalent arrhythmia, often caused by myocardial ischemia/infarction (MI). Men have a 1.5× higher prevalence of AF, whereas women show a higher risk for new onset AF after MI. However, the underlying mechanisms of how sex affects AF pathophysiology are largely unknown. In 72 pigs with/without ischemic heart failure (IHF) we investigated the impact of sex on ischemia-induced proarrhythmic atrial remodeling and the susceptibility for AF. Electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrophysiological studies were conducted to assess electrical remodeling; histological analyses were performed to assess atrial fibrosis in male and female pigs. IHF pigs of both sexes showed a significantly increased vulnerability for AF, but in male pigs more and longer episodes were observed. Unchanged conduction properties but enhanced left atrial fibrosis indicated structural rather than electrical remodeling underlying AF susceptibility. Sex differences were only observed in controls with female pigs showing an increased intrinsic heart rate, a prolonged QRS interval and a prolonged sinus node recovery time. In sum, susceptibility for AF is significantly increased both in male and female pigs with ischemic heart failure. Differences between males and females are moderate, including more and longer AF episodes in male pigs and sinus node dysfunction in female pigs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Frontiers in Electrophysiology and Arrhythmias)
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15 pages, 4260 KiB  
Article
A Detailed Study to Discover the Trade between Left Atrial Blood Flow, Expression of Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels and Valvular Atrial Fibrillation
by Pin Shen, Misbahul Ferdous, Xiaoqi Wang, Guojian Li, Runwei Ma, Xiangbin Pan, Hongming Zhang, Guimin Zhang, Zhiling Luo, Lakshme Kottu, Jiang Lu, Yi Song, Lin Duo, Jianming Xia, Enze Yang, Xiang Cheng, Manning Li, Shaohui Jiang and Yi Sun
Cells 2022, 11(9), 1383; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11091383 - 19 Apr 2022
Viewed by 2106
Abstract
Background: The present study aimed to explore the correlation between calcium-activated potassium channels, left atrial flow field mechanics, valvular atrial fibrillation (VAF), and thrombosis. The process of transforming mechanical signals into biological signals has been revealed, which offers new insights into the study [...] Read more.
Background: The present study aimed to explore the correlation between calcium-activated potassium channels, left atrial flow field mechanics, valvular atrial fibrillation (VAF), and thrombosis. The process of transforming mechanical signals into biological signals has been revealed, which offers new insights into the study of VAF. Methods: Computational fluid dynamics simulations use numeric analysis and algorithms to compute flow parameters, including turbulent shear stress (TSS) and wall pressure in the left atrium (LA). Real-time PCR and western blotting were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of IKCa2.3/3.1, ATK1, and P300 in the left atrial tissue of 90 patients. Results: In the valvular disease group, the TSS and wall ressure in the LA increased, the wall pressure increased in turn in all disease groups, mainly near the mitral valve and the posterior portion of the LA, the increase in TSS was the most significant in each group near the mitral valve, and the middle and lower part of the back of the LA and the mRNA expression and protein expression levels of IKCa2.3/3.1, AKT1, and P300 increased (p < 0.05) (n = 15). The present study was preliminarily conducted to elucidate whether there might be a certain correlation between IKCa2.3 and LA hemodynamic changes. Conclusions: The TSS and wall pressure changes in the LA are correlated with the upregulation of mRNA and protein expression of IKCa2.3/3.1, AKT1, and P300. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Frontiers in Electrophysiology and Arrhythmias)
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25 pages, 31005 KiB  
Article
Generation and Characterization of an Inducible Cx43 Overexpression System in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells
by Pia Niemann, Miriam Schiffer, Daniela Malan, Sabine Grünberg, Wilhelm Roell, Caroline Geisen and Bernd K. Fleischmann
Cells 2022, 11(4), 694; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11040694 - 16 Feb 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3260
Abstract
Connexins (Cx) are a large family of membrane proteins that can form intercellular connections, so-called gap junctions between adjacent cells. Cx43 is widely expressed in mammals and has a variety of different functions, such as the propagation of electrical conduction in the cardiac [...] Read more.
Connexins (Cx) are a large family of membrane proteins that can form intercellular connections, so-called gap junctions between adjacent cells. Cx43 is widely expressed in mammals and has a variety of different functions, such as the propagation of electrical conduction in the cardiac ventricle. Despite Cx43 knockout models, many questions regarding the biology of Cx43 in health and disease remain unanswered. Herein we report the establishment of a Cre-inducible Cx43 overexpression system in murine embryonic stem (ES) cells. This enables the investigation of the impact of Cx43 overexpression in somatic cells. We utilized a double reporter system to label Cx43-overexpressing cells via mCherry fluorescence and exogenous Cx43 via fusion with P2A peptide to visualize its distribution pattern. We proved the functionality of our systems in ES cells, HeLa cells, and 3T3-fibroblasts and demonstrated the formation of functional gap junctions based on dye diffusion and FRAP experiments. In addition, Cx43-overexpressing ES cells could be differentiated into viable cardiomyocytes, as shown by the formation of cross striation and spontaneous beating. Analysis revealed faster and more rhythmic beating of Cx43-overexpressing cell clusters. Thus, our Cx43 overexpression systems enable the investigation of Cx43 biology and function in cardiomyocytes and other somatic cells. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Frontiers in Electrophysiology and Arrhythmias)
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10 pages, 1189 KiB  
Article
Energy Drinks and Their Acute Effects on Heart Rhythm and Electrocardiographic Time Intervals in Healthy Children and Teenagers: A Randomized Trial
by Guido Mandilaras, Pengzhu Li, Robert Dalla-Pozza, Nikolaus Alexander Haas and Felix Sebastian Oberhoffer
Cells 2022, 11(3), 498; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11030498 - 31 Jan 2022
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 7401
Abstract
Beyond their effect on blood pressure, the effect of energy drinks on heart rate in children and teenagers has not been evaluated until now. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the acute cardiovascular effects of energy drinks in healthy children and teenagers. Twenty-six [...] Read more.
Beyond their effect on blood pressure, the effect of energy drinks on heart rate in children and teenagers has not been evaluated until now. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the acute cardiovascular effects of energy drinks in healthy children and teenagers. Twenty-six children and adolescents (mean age 14.49 years) received a commercially available energy drink (ED) and placebo on two consecutive days based on the maximum caffeine dosage as proposed by the European Food Safety Authority. Heart rhythm and electrocardiographic time intervals were assessed in a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover clinical study design. ED consumption resulted in a significantly increased number of supraventricular extrasystoles (SVES) compared to the placebo, whereas supraventricular tachycardia or malignant ventricular arrhythmias were not observed. The mean heart rate (HR) was significantly lower following consumption of EDs. In contrast, QTc intervals were not affected by EDs. Being the first of its kind, this trial demonstrates the cardiovascular and rhythmological effects of EDs in minors. Interestingly, EDs were associated with adverse effects on heart rhythm. Whether higher dosages or consumption in children with preexisting conditions may cause potentially harmful disorders was beyond the scope of this pilot study and remains to be determined in future trials. Trial Registration Number (DRKS-ID): DRKS00027580. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Frontiers in Electrophysiology and Arrhythmias)
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