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Article

A Detailed Study to Discover the Trade between Left Atrial Blood Flow, Expression of Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels and Valvular Atrial Fibrillation

by
Pin Shen
1,†,
Misbahul Ferdous
2,†,
Xiaoqi Wang
1,†,
Guojian Li
3,†,
Runwei Ma
1,†,
Xiangbin Pan
1,
Hongming Zhang
4,
Guimin Zhang
5,
Zhiling Luo
1,
Lakshme Kottu
6,
Jiang Lu
1,
Yi Song
1,
Lin Duo
1,
Jianming Xia
1,
Enze Yang
1,
Xiang Cheng
1,
Manning Li
1,
Shaohui Jiang
1 and
Yi Sun
1,*
1
Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Fuwai Yunnan Cardiovascular Hospital, Kunming 650102, China
2
National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, CAMS&PUMC, Beijing 100037, China
3
Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650021, China
4
Department of Engineering Mechanics, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
5
Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650021, China
6
Department of Experimental Cardiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Cells 2022, 11(9), 1383; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11091383
Submission received: 21 November 2021 / Revised: 23 March 2022 / Accepted: 24 March 2022 / Published: 19 April 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Frontiers in Electrophysiology and Arrhythmias)
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Abstract

Background: The present study aimed to explore the correlation between calcium-activated potassium channels, left atrial flow field mechanics, valvular atrial fibrillation (VAF), and thrombosis. The process of transforming mechanical signals into biological signals has been revealed, which offers new insights into the study of VAF. Methods: Computational fluid dynamics simulations use numeric analysis and algorithms to compute flow parameters, including turbulent shear stress (TSS) and wall pressure in the left atrium (LA). Real-time PCR and western blotting were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of IKCa2.3/3.1, ATK1, and P300 in the left atrial tissue of 90 patients. Results: In the valvular disease group, the TSS and wall ressure in the LA increased, the wall pressure increased in turn in all disease groups, mainly near the mitral valve and the posterior portion of the LA, the increase in TSS was the most significant in each group near the mitral valve, and the middle and lower part of the back of the LA and the mRNA expression and protein expression levels of IKCa2.3/3.1, AKT1, and P300 increased (p < 0.05) (n = 15). The present study was preliminarily conducted to elucidate whether there might be a certain correlation between IKCa2.3 and LA hemodynamic changes. Conclusions: The TSS and wall pressure changes in the LA are correlated with the upregulation of mRNA and protein expression of IKCa2.3/3.1, AKT1, and P300.
Keywords: valvular atrial fibrillation; turbulent shear stress; IKCa2.3/3.1; thrombosis; computational model valvular atrial fibrillation; turbulent shear stress; IKCa2.3/3.1; thrombosis; computational model

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MDPI and ACS Style

Shen, P.; Ferdous, M.; Wang, X.; Li, G.; Ma, R.; Pan, X.; Zhang, H.; Zhang, G.; Luo, Z.; Kottu, L.; et al. A Detailed Study to Discover the Trade between Left Atrial Blood Flow, Expression of Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels and Valvular Atrial Fibrillation. Cells 2022, 11, 1383. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11091383

AMA Style

Shen P, Ferdous M, Wang X, Li G, Ma R, Pan X, Zhang H, Zhang G, Luo Z, Kottu L, et al. A Detailed Study to Discover the Trade between Left Atrial Blood Flow, Expression of Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels and Valvular Atrial Fibrillation. Cells. 2022; 11(9):1383. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11091383

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shen, Pin, Misbahul Ferdous, Xiaoqi Wang, Guojian Li, Runwei Ma, Xiangbin Pan, Hongming Zhang, Guimin Zhang, Zhiling Luo, Lakshme Kottu, and et al. 2022. "A Detailed Study to Discover the Trade between Left Atrial Blood Flow, Expression of Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels and Valvular Atrial Fibrillation" Cells 11, no. 9: 1383. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11091383

APA Style

Shen, P., Ferdous, M., Wang, X., Li, G., Ma, R., Pan, X., Zhang, H., Zhang, G., Luo, Z., Kottu, L., Lu, J., Song, Y., Duo, L., Xia, J., Yang, E., Cheng, X., Li, M., Jiang, S., & Sun, Y. (2022). A Detailed Study to Discover the Trade between Left Atrial Blood Flow, Expression of Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels and Valvular Atrial Fibrillation. Cells, 11(9), 1383. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11091383

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