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Cells
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New Insights in Boron Neutron Capture Therapy for Cancers
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New Insights in Boron Neutron Capture Therapy for Cancers

A special issue of Cells (ISSN 2073-4409). This special issue belongs to the section "Cellular Biophysics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2022) | Viewed by 5154

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Kei Nakai

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Department of Radiation Oncology, Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
2. Proton Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Tsukuba 305-8576, Japan
Interests: neutron source; particle radiation therapy; radiation biology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In order for boron neutron capture therapy to become a part of the standard treatment for malignant tumors in clinical practice, it is necessary to develop new neutron sources, as well as new boron compounds, for clinical application. Treatment of recurrent head and neck cancers using accelerator neutron sources is now covered by insurance in Japan. As for the development of new boron drugs, several research papers have been published, but few compounds have been applied clinically. The current situation is probably due to the fact that the scope of clinical treatment for BNCT is extremely limited, there are not many researchers in this field, large amounts—sometimes tens of grams—need to be administered in a few hours, and a high level of safety is required for the compounds compared to ordinary drugs. In addition, the design must be able to reach the required intracellular boron concentration of 20 to 40 micrograms per gram for the treatment. The boron concentration is generally measured by ICP analysis, but there is no standard method to measure boron concentration more easily or to visualize its distribution in cells, and these methods need to be developed. This Special Issue focuses on the intracellular and intratissue distribution of boron, imaging techniques, and the in vivo dynamics of boron.

Prof. Kei Nakai
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • Boron neutron capture therapy
  • Boron distribution
  • Boron imaging
  • Boron measurement
  • Intracellular distribution
  • Intratissue distribution

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 2547 KiB  
Article
Efficacy of Boron Neutron Capture Therapy in Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma: In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation
by Kohei Yoshimura, Shinji Kawabata, Hideki Kashiwagi, Yusuke Fukuo, Koji Takeuchi, Gen Futamura, Ryo Hiramatsu, Takushi Takata, Hiroki Tanaka, Tsubasa Watanabe, Minoru Suzuki, Naonori Hu, Shin-Ichi Miyatake and Masahiko Wanibuchi
Cells 2021, 10(12), 3398; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells10123398 - 2 Dec 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2421
Abstract
Background: Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a nuclear reaction-based tumor cell-selective particle irradiation method. High-dose methotrexate and whole-brain radiation therapy (WBRT) are the recommended treatments for primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL). This tumor responds well to initial treatment but relapses even [...] Read more.
Background: Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a nuclear reaction-based tumor cell-selective particle irradiation method. High-dose methotrexate and whole-brain radiation therapy (WBRT) are the recommended treatments for primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL). This tumor responds well to initial treatment but relapses even after successful treatment, and the prognosis is poor as there is no safe and effective treatment for relapse. In this study, we aimed to conduct basic research to explore the possibility of using BNCT as a treatment for PCNSL. Methods: The boron concentration in human lymphoma cells was measured. Subsequently, neutron irradiation experiments on lymphoma cells were conducted. A mouse central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma model was created to evaluate the biodistribution of boron after the administration of borono-phenylalanine as a capture agent. In the neutron irradiation study of a mouse PCNSL model, the therapeutic effect of BNCT on PCNSL was evaluated in terms of survival. Results: The boron uptake capability of human lymphoma cells was sufficiently high both in vitro and in vivo. In the neutron irradiation study, the BNCT group showed a higher cell killing effect and prolonged survival compared with the control group. Conclusions: A new therapeutic approach for PCNSL is urgently required, and BNCT may be a promising treatment for PCNSL. The results of this study, including those of neutron irradiation, suggest success in the conduct of future clinical trials to explore the possibility of BNCT as a new treatment option for PCNSL. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights in Boron Neutron Capture Therapy for Cancers)
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13 pages, 3314 KiB  
Article
A Boron Delivery Antibody (BDA) with Boronated Specific Residues: New Perspectives in Boron Neutron Capture Therapy from an In Silico Investigation
by Alessandro Rondina, Paola Fossa, Alessandro Orro, Luciano Milanesi, Antonella De Palma, Davide Perico, Pier Luigi Mauri and Pasqualina D’Ursi
Cells 2021, 10(11), 3225; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells10113225 - 18 Nov 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2221
Abstract
Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) is a tumor cell-selective radiotherapy based on a nuclear reaction that occurs when the isotope boron-10 (10B) is radiated by low-energy thermal neutrons or epithermal neutrons, triggering a nuclear fission response and enabling a selective administration [...] Read more.
Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) is a tumor cell-selective radiotherapy based on a nuclear reaction that occurs when the isotope boron-10 (10B) is radiated by low-energy thermal neutrons or epithermal neutrons, triggering a nuclear fission response and enabling a selective administration of irradiation to cells. Hence, we need to create novel delivery agents containing 10B with high tumor selectivity, but also exhibiting low intrinsic toxicity, fast clearance from normal tissue and blood, and no pharmaceutical effects. In the past, boronated monoclonal antibodies have been proposed using large boron-containing molecules or dendrimers, but with no investigations in relation to maintaining antibody specificity and structural and functional features. This work aims at improving the potential of monoclonal antibodies applied to BNCT therapy, identifying in silico the best native residues suitable to be substituted with a boronated one, carefully evaluating the effect of boronation on the 3D structure of the monoclonal antibody and on its binding affinity. A boronated monoclonal antibody was thus generated for specific 10B delivery. In this context, we have developed a case study of Boron Delivery Antibody Identification Pipeline, which has been tested on cetuximab. Cetuximab is an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor used in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer, metastatic non-small cell lung cancer, and head and neck cancer. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights in Boron Neutron Capture Therapy for Cancers)
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