Signaling Pathways Involved in Tumor Microenvironment and Tumor Adaptation to Stresses

A special issue of Cells (ISSN 2073-4409). This special issue belongs to the section "Cell Signaling".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 August 2025 | Viewed by 1992

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Biology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
Interests: hypoxia-inducible factor 1; tumor microenvironment; oxygen, glucose and glutamine supplies; oncogenic signaling pathways

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Tumorigenesis is a multiple step process. During tumor development following cellular-level changes, tumor cells demonstrate extensive interaction with their microenvironment, which includes stromal cells, the extracellular matrix, signaling molecules, metabolites and therapeutics.  A variety of signaling pathways activated by these interactions play critical roles in regulating tumor cell survival, invasiveness, metastasis, immune avoidance, metabolic reprogramming and resistance to chemo- and radiation therapy. A better understanding of these signaling pathways and their biological consequences will provide us with valuable targets for cancer treatment.

Particularly, the invasiveness and metastasis of carcinoma, the most common type of malignancy, require regulated epithelial–mesenchymal transition, intravasation, extravasation, mesenchymal–epithelial transition and colonization procedures. Each procedure heavily depends on a specific type of signaling and subsequent transcription reprogramming.

On the other hand, solid tumors often develop poor circulation, which may lead to tumor tissue hypoxia and associated lack of nutrients. In response to this challenge and associated metabolic stress and oxidative stress, a variety of signaling pathways are activated to facilitate cancer cells to survival and proliferate under these conditions. Importantly, these stresses may trigger signaling pathways to control angiogenesis, metabolic reprogramming, migration, metastasis, chemoresistance and sometimes, apoptosis.

This Special Issue will provide an overview of the signaling pathways involved in tumor microenvironments and tumor adaptation to various stresses. We are inviting submissions of original research articles and reviews on topics relevant to any aspect of tumor microenvironments, invasiveness and metastasis, metabolic stress, cancer stem cells, chemo- or radiation resistance and immune avoidance.

Dr. Nianli Sang
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • microenvironment
  • metabolic stress
  • hypoxia
  • chemoresistance
  • radiation resistance
  • apoptosis
  • metabolic reprogramming
  • metastasis

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 3755 KiB  
Article
TIAM2S Operates Multifaced Talents to Alleviate Radiosensitivity, Restrict Apoptosis, Provoke Cell Propagation, and Escalate Cell Migration for Aggravating Radioresistance-Intensified Cervical Cancer Progression
by Pei-Chin Chuang, Wen-Hong Su, Ching-Hua Hsieh and Eng-Yen Huang
Cells 2025, 14(5), 339; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells14050339 - 26 Feb 2025
Viewed by 506
Abstract
Radioresistance remains a major obstacle in cervical cancer treatment, frequently engendering tumor relapse and metastasis. However, the details of its mechanism of action remain largely enigmatic. This study delineates the prospective impacts of short-form human T-cell lymphoma invasion and metastasis 2 (TIAM2S) involving [...] Read more.
Radioresistance remains a major obstacle in cervical cancer treatment, frequently engendering tumor relapse and metastasis. However, the details of its mechanism of action remain largely enigmatic. This study delineates the prospective impacts of short-form human T-cell lymphoma invasion and metastasis 2 (TIAM2S) involving the radiation resistance of cervical cancer. In this study, we established three pairs of radioresistant (RR) cervical cancer cells (HeLa, C33A and CaSki) and their parental wild-type (WT) cells. We revealed a consistent augmentation of TIAM2S, but not long-form human T-cell lymphoma invasion and metastasis 2 (TIAM2L) were displayed in RR cells that underwent a 6 Gy radiation administration. Remarkably, RR cells exhibited decreased radiosensitivity and abridged apoptosis, as estimated through a clonogenic survival curve assay and Annexin V/Propidium Iodide apoptosis assay, respectively. TIAM2S suppression increased radiosensitivity and enhanced cell apoptosis in RR cells, whereas its forced introduction modestly abolished radiosensitivity and diminished WT cell apoptosis. Furthermore, TIAM2S overexpression notably aggravated RR cell migration, whereas its blockage reduced WT cell mobilities, as confirmed by an in vitro time-lapse recording assay. Notably, augmented lung localization was revealed after a tail-vein injection of CaSki-RR cells using the in vivo short-term lung locomotion BALB/c nude mouse model. TIAM2S impediment notably reduced radioresistance-increased lung locomotion. This study provides evidence that TIAM2S may operate as an innovative signature in cervical cancer that is resistant to radiotherapy. It displays multi-faceted roles including radioprotection, restricting apoptosis, promoting cell proliferation, and escalating cell migration/metastasis. Targeting TIAM2S, together with conventional radiotherapy, may be an innovative strategy for intensifying radiosensitivity and protecting against subsequent uncontrolled tumor growth and metastasis in cervical cancer treatment. Full article
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16 pages, 2406 KiB  
Article
Vesicles Secreted by Renal Cell Carcinoma Cells Cause Vascular Endothelial Cells to Express PSMA and Drive Tumor Progression
by Ryuta Watanabe, Keito Kagimoto, Mami Chosei, Tomohisa Sakaue, Mie Kurata, Noriyoshi Miura, Riko Kitazawa, Tadahiko Kikugawa, Shigeki Higashiyama and Takashi Saika
Cells 2025, 14(3), 165; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells14030165 - 22 Jan 2025
Viewed by 1140
Abstract
Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) protein expression is induced during prostate cancer progression and metastasis. Recently, we reported that PSMA-positive vesicles released by prostate cancer cell lines enhanced vascular endothelial cell angiogenesis and that PSMA may be involved in tumor angiogenesis. Similarly, it is [...] Read more.
Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) protein expression is induced during prostate cancer progression and metastasis. Recently, we reported that PSMA-positive vesicles released by prostate cancer cell lines enhanced vascular endothelial cell angiogenesis and that PSMA may be involved in tumor angiogenesis. Similarly, it is known that PSMA is upregulated in peritumoral vessels in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). In this study, we investigated the significance and molecular function of PSMA in RCC. PSMA immunohistochemical staining confirmed PSMA presence only in perinephric tumor vessels, and PSMA intensity was strongly correlated with recurrence rate and venous invasion. Spatial gene expression analysis revealed that FOLH1 expression, which codes PSMA, was upregulated in tumor blood vessels around renal cancer, and that angiogenesis-related pathways were enhanced. The 10,000 g pellet fraction of the renal cancer cell lines Caki1- and ACHN-conditioned medium (CM) induced PSMA positivity in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and enhanced tube formation. Mass spectrometry indicated that the 10,000 g pellet fraction contained various kinds of growth factors, like GDF15 and MYDGF. RNA sequencing showed that supplementing HUVECs with RCC cell CM-enhanced angiogenesis-related signaling pathways. Conclusively, microvesicle components secreted by RCC cells transform vascular endothelial cells into PSMA-positive cells, enhancing angiogenesis. Full article
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