The Role of T Cells and Cellular Signalling in Immune Diseases

A special issue of Cells (ISSN 2073-4409). This special issue belongs to the section "Cellular Immunology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2026 | Viewed by 1498

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Endocrine Unit, ASST dei Sette Laghi, 21100 Varese, Italy
Interests: autoimmune thyroid disorders; graves’ disease; graves orbitopathy; vitamin D

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We invite the submission of original research and review papers exploring the critical role of T cells and cellular signalling pathways in immune diseases. Based on their polarisation and cytokine secretion, T cells can be categorised into distinct immune response patterns, including Th1, Th2, Th17, Th22, and Treg cells. T cells are pivotal players in the immune system, recognising pathogens, tumours, and other harmful entities. However, when dysregulated, these cells can contribute to the onset and progression of various autoimmune diseases, chronic inflammation, and immunodeficiencies. These occur in genetically susceptible subjects when they are exposed to endogenous and exogenous triggers. Both susceptibility genes and facilitating conditions have been the focus of intensive research.

Understanding the intricate signalling mechanisms that govern T cell activation, differentiation, expansion, and function is crucial in advancing therapeutic strategies for immune-related diseases. Research in this area can provide promising opportunities to develop targeted treatments to restore immune balance and mitigate the causal pathways of autoimmune diseases.

We encourage the submission of papers that delve into the molecular and cellular processes underlying T cell responses. Furthermore, clinical studies investigating novel biomarkers and therapies targeting T cell signalling pathways are highly encouraged. A special focus will be placed on autoimmune disorders affecting endocrine organs such as the thyroid, adrenal glands, pituitary gland, and pancreas, although papers on other inflammatory conditions are also welcome.

This Special Issue will bring together cutting-edge insights that will contribute to our understanding of immune diseases and promote the development of more effective precision-based treatments.

Dr. Daniela Gallo
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • T cells
  • autoimmune disorders
  • autoimmune endocrine disorders
  • targeted therapies

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

20 pages, 848 KB  
Article
The COX Pathway Alters Hematopoiesis in Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis
by Karolina Wrońska, Maciej Ziętek, Magdalena Marciniak and Małgorzata Szczuko
Cells 2025, 14(22), 1796; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells14221796 - 15 Nov 2025
Viewed by 1263
Abstract
Introduction: There is limited data in the literature on the effect of prostaglandins (PG) and thromboxanes (TX) on the development and severity of Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis (HT). This article aimed to analyze the association between blood count and the cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway in 39 [...] Read more.
Introduction: There is limited data in the literature on the effect of prostaglandins (PG) and thromboxanes (TX) on the development and severity of Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis (HT). This article aimed to analyze the association between blood count and the cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway in 39 women with HT. Methods: Biochemical analysis of PGE2 and TXB2 was performed using liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results: Morphological abnormalities were found in the women studied, particularly with regard to white blood cell parameters. An increase in thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) was associated with significantly higher levels of monocytes (p = 0.041). Correlations were also noted between the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) with TXB2 and PGE2. Furthermore, a very strong correlation was demonstrated for the first time between antibodies against tissue transglutaminase (anti-tTG) and antibodies against thyroglobulin (ATG) (r = 0.781; p = 0.007). Correlations between blood count and eicosanoids were also demonstrated. Conclusions: The results suggest the involvement of COX products in the pathogenesis of HT and hematopoiesis; therefore, this study may contribute not only to advancing knowledge, but also to developing new guidelines for diagnosing and treating autoimmune diseases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of T Cells and Cellular Signalling in Immune Diseases)
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