Molecular Alterations and Targeted Therapy in Gastric Cancer

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Cancer Therapy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 May 2025 | Viewed by 2766

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Departments of Medical Oncology and Surgical Pathology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Interests: gastrointestinal cancer; prognosis; prediction
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Department of Surgical Pathology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
2. Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
Interests: tumors; histopathology; immunohistochemistry; histology; cancer diagnostics; surgical pathology; prognostic markers; cancer biomarkers; cancer biology; tumor markers
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Gastric cancer is an aggressive tumor often diagnosed at advanced stages, resulting in high mortality rates. Despite recent advancements in targeted therapies and our growing understanding of the molecular landscape of gastric cancer, patient prognosis remains poor. There is an urgent need to investigate novel biomarkers that can facilitate the stratification of patients according to their prognosis and treatment options.

This Special Issue seeks contributions that focus on the identification and validation of novel biomarkers for gastric cancer. We welcome submissions that advance the field of gastric cancer research and provide insights into potential clinical applications.

Topics of interest include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Genetic and epigenetic alterations;
  • Proteomic and metabolomic profiling;
  • Liquid biopsy;
  • Predictive markers for treatment response;
  • Prognostic markers for patient stratification;
  • Novel therapeutic targets and pathways;
  • Novel therapeutic approaches.

We invite submissions of various types of articles, particularly original research papers and reviews. Your valuable contributions will help improve the prognosis and treatment options for patients with gastric cancer.

We look forward to your submissions.

Dr. María Jesús Fernández Aceñero
Dr. Cristina Díaz del Arco
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • gastric cancer
  • biomarker
  • prognosis
  • targeted therapy
  • molecular
  • pathway

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 3474 KiB  
Article
Transcriptome-Based Survival Analysis Identifies MAP4K4 as a Prognostic Marker in Gastric Cancer with Microsatellite Instability
by Alvaro De Jesus Huamani Ortiz, Anthony Vladimir Campos Segura, Kevin Jorge Magaño Bocanegra, Mariana Belén Velásquez Sotomayor, Heli Jaime Barrón Pastor, Yesica Llimpe Mitma de Barrón, Ruy Diego Chacón Villanueva, Alexis Germán Murillo Carrasco and César Alexander Ortiz Rojas
Cancers 2025, 17(3), 412; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17030412 - 26 Jan 2025
Viewed by 1067
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Gastric cancer (GC) is a highly aggressive malignancy with diverse molecular subtypes. While microsatellite instability (MSI) GC generally carries a favorable prognosis, a subset of patients experiences poor outcomes, highlighting the need for refined prognostic markers. Methods: This study utilized transcriptomic [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Gastric cancer (GC) is a highly aggressive malignancy with diverse molecular subtypes. While microsatellite instability (MSI) GC generally carries a favorable prognosis, a subset of patients experiences poor outcomes, highlighting the need for refined prognostic markers. Methods: This study utilized transcriptomic and clinical data from two independent cohorts, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Asian Cancer Research Group (ACRG), to identify novel prognostic genes in MSI-GC. Results: Through rigorous survival analysis, we identified high MAP4K4 expression (MAP4K4high) as an independent and robust predictor of poor overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) specifically within the MSI-GC subtype. MAP4K4high was associated with increased hazard ratios for both OS and DFS in both cohorts, even after adjusting for clinicopathological factors. Further analysis revealed that MAP4K4high MSI-GC tumors exhibit a distinct molecular profile characterized by increased extracellular matrix remodeling, epithelial–mesenchymal transition, and a microenvironment enriched in monocytes and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Notably, a subgroup of MSI-GC patients with a CIN-like phenotype and high MAP4K4 expression exhibited particularly dismal outcomes. Conclusions: Our findings establish MAP4K4 as a promising prognostic biomarker for risk stratification in MSI-GC and suggest its potential role in driving aggressive tumor behavior through modulation of the tumor microenvironment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Alterations and Targeted Therapy in Gastric Cancer)
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22 pages, 3627 KiB  
Article
Can the Analysis of Toll-like Receptors (TLR) on NK and NKT-like Cells Improve Gastric Cancer Diagnostics and Treatment?
by Marek Kos, Krzysztof Bojarski, Paulina Mertowska, Sebastian Mertowski, Piotr Tomaka, Monika Zaborek-Łyczba, Jakub Łyczba, Łukasz Dziki and Ewelina Grywalska
Cancers 2024, 16(22), 3854; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16223854 - 17 Nov 2024
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Abstract
Background/Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the assessment of the percentage of NK and NKT-like cells expressing Toll-like receptors (TLR-2, TLR-3, TLR-4, and TLR-9) in patients with gastric cancer (GC) compared with healthy volunteers (HV) and to investigate differences [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the assessment of the percentage of NK and NKT-like cells expressing Toll-like receptors (TLR-2, TLR-3, TLR-4, and TLR-9) in patients with gastric cancer (GC) compared with healthy volunteers (HV) and to investigate differences according to cancer subtype. We also assessed TLR gene expression by RT-qPCR to assess whether TLRs could be diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. Methods: The study included 86 patients with histologically confirmed gastric cancer and 30 healthy volunteers. Peripheral blood samples were collected from the participants, and TLR expression on NK and NKT-like cells was assessed by flow cytometry and RT-qPCR. The expression of TLR2, TLR3, TLR4, and TLR9 genes was assessed using genetic material derived from NK and NKT-like cells sourced from PBMC. The obtained results were statistically analyzed using Mann–Whitney U and Kruskal–Wallis tests, and the predictive ability of variables was assessed using ROC curve analysis. Results: A significantly higher expression of TLR receptors (TLR-2, TLR-3, TLR-4, and TLR-9) was found in patients with gastric cancer compared to healthy volunteers (p < 0.05). TLR expression also differed depending on the cancer subtype, and higher expression was observed in more advanced GC subtypes. RT-qPCR analysis showed significantly increased expression of TLR genes in the group of GC patients. ROC curves indicate a high ability of TLRs to differentiate between GC patients and healthy individuals. Conclusions: The expression of TLRs on NK and NKT-like cells is clearly increased in patients with gastric cancer, especially in more advanced subtypes of the tumor. The results suggest that TLRs could potentially be used as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and represent potential targets for immune therapies in GC. However, further studies are needed to determine the functional role of TLRs in disease progression and the possibility of their use in personalized treatment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Alterations and Targeted Therapy in Gastric Cancer)
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