Incidence, Mortality, Trend, and Survival of Cancer

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Cancer Survivorship and Quality of Life".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 February 2024) | Viewed by 8283

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
1. Departamento de Ciencias Sociosanitarias, IMIB-Arrixaca, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
2. Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
Interests: cancer incidence; mortality and survival; biostatistics; Bayesian inference; MCMC methods; model selection

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

To determine cancer incidence, mortality and survival in a population is paramount for the implementation of health policies and cancer prevention strategies. For this respect, population cancer registries with good quality control indicators are a key ingredient. This special Issue collect research that shows the situation in different populations throughout the world.

Dr. Diego Salmerón
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • cancer
  • incidence
  • mortality
  • survival
  • trends
  • epidemiology
  • population-based study
  • population cancer registries

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 1322 KiB  
Article
Differences between Survival Rates and Patterns of Failure of Patients with Lung Adenocarcinoma and Squamous Cell Carcinoma Who Received Single-Fraction Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy
by Tyler V. Schrand, Austin J. Iovoli, Neil D. Almeida, Han Yu, Nadia Malik, Mark Farrugia and Anurag K. Singh
Cancers 2024, 16(4), 755; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16040755 - 12 Feb 2024
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Abstract
We investigated the survival and patterns of failure in adenocarcinoma (ADC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in early stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with single-fraction stereotactic body radiation therapy (SF-SBRT) of 27–34 Gray. A single-institution retrospective review of patients with biopsy-proven [...] Read more.
We investigated the survival and patterns of failure in adenocarcinoma (ADC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in early stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with single-fraction stereotactic body radiation therapy (SF-SBRT) of 27–34 Gray. A single-institution retrospective review of patients with biopsy-proven early stage ADC or SCC undergoing definitive SF-SBRT between September 2008 and February 2023 was performed. The primary outcomes were overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). The secondary outcomes included local failure (LF), nodal failure (NF), and distant failure (DF). Of 292 eligible patients 174 had adenocarcinoma and 118 had squamous cell carcinoma. There was no significant change in any outcome except distant failure. Patients with ADC were significantly more likely to experience distant failure than patients with SCC (p = 0.0081). In conclusion, while SF-SBRT produced similar LF, NF, DFS, and OS, the higher rate of distant failure in ADC patients suggests that ongoing trials of SBRT and systemic therapy combinations should report their outcomes by histology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Incidence, Mortality, Trend, and Survival of Cancer)
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32 pages, 5078 KiB  
Article
Childhood and Adolescent Central Nervous System Tumours in Spain: Incidence and Survival over 20 Years: A Historical Baseline for Current Assessment
by Maria D. Chirlaque, Rafael Peris-Bonet, Antonia Sánchez, Ofelia Cruz, Rafael Marcos-Gragera, Gonzalo Gutiérrez-Ávila, José R. Quirós-García, Fernando Almela-Vich, Arantza López de Munain, Maria J. Sánchez, Paula Franch-Sureda, Eva Ardanaz, Jaume Galceran, Carmen Martos, Diego Salmerón, Gemma Gatta, Laura Botta, Adela Cañete and the Spanish Childhood Cancer Epidemiology Working Group
Cancers 2023, 15(24), 5889; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15245889 - 18 Dec 2023
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Abstract
Background: Central nervous system (CNS) neoplasms are highly frequent solid tumours in children and adolescents. While some studies have shown a rise in their incidence in Europe, others have not. Survival remains limited. We addressed two questions about these tumours in Spain: (1) [...] Read more.
Background: Central nervous system (CNS) neoplasms are highly frequent solid tumours in children and adolescents. While some studies have shown a rise in their incidence in Europe, others have not. Survival remains limited. We addressed two questions about these tumours in Spain: (1) Is incidence increasing? and (2) Has survival improved? Methods: This population-based study included 1635 children and 328 adolescents from 11 population-based cancer registries with International Classification of Childhood Cancer Group III tumours, incident in 1983–2007. Age-specific and age-standardised (world population) incidence rates (ASRws) were calculated. Incidence time trends were characterised using annual percent change (APC) obtained with Joinpoint. Cases from 1991 to 2005 (1171) were included in Kaplan–Meier survival analyses, and the results were evaluated with log-rank and log-rank for trend tests. Children’s survival was age-standardised using: (1) the age distribution of cases and the corresponding trends assessed with Joinpoint; and (2) European weights for comparison with Europe. Results: ASRw 1983–2007: children: 32.7 cases/106; adolescents: 23.5 cases/106. The overall incidence of all tumours increased across 1983–2007 in children and adolescents. Considering change points, the APCs were: (1) children: 1983–1993, 4.3%^ (1.1; 7.7); 1993–2007, −0.2% (−1.9; 1.6); (2) adolescents: 1983–2004: 2.9%^ (0.9; 4.9); 2004–2007: −7.7% (−40; 41.9). For malignant tumours, the trends were not significant. 5-year survival was 65% (1991–2005), with no significant trends (except for non-malignant tumours). Conclusions: CNS tumour incidence in Spain was found to be similar to that in Europe. Rises in incidence may be mostly attributable to changes in the registration of non-malignant tumours. The overall malignant CNS tumour trend was compatible with reports for Southern Europe. Survival was lower than in Europe, without improvement over time. We provide a baseline for assessing current paediatric oncology achievements and incidence in respect of childhood and adolescent CNS tumours. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Incidence, Mortality, Trend, and Survival of Cancer)
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12 pages, 1007 KiB  
Article
Incidence Trends and Main Features of Gastro-Intestinal Stromal Tumours in a Mediterranean Region: A Population-Based Study
by Ricardo J. Vaamonde-Martín, Mónica Ballesta-Ruiz, Antonia Sánchez-Gil, Juan Ángel Fernández, Enrique Martínez-Barba, Jerónimo Martínez-García, Gemma Gatta and María D. Chirlaque-López
Cancers 2023, 15(11), 2994; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15112994 - 30 May 2023
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Abstract
Gastro-Intestinal Stromal Tumours (GISTs) are a kind of neoplasm whose diagnosis in common clinical practice just started in the current century, implying difficulties for proper registration. Staff from the Cancer Registry of Murcia, in southeastern Spain, were commissioned by the EU Joint Action [...] Read more.
Gastro-Intestinal Stromal Tumours (GISTs) are a kind of neoplasm whose diagnosis in common clinical practice just started in the current century, implying difficulties for proper registration. Staff from the Cancer Registry of Murcia, in southeastern Spain, were commissioned by the EU Joint Action on Rare Cancers into a pilot study addressing GIST registration that also yielded a population-based depiction of GISTs in the region, including survival figures. We examined reports from 2001 to 2015 from hospitals as well as cases already present in the registry. The variables collected were sex, date of diagnosis, age, vital status, primary location, presence of metastases, and risk level according to Joensuu’s Classification. In total, 171 cases were found, 54.4% occurred in males, and the mean age value was 65.0 years. The most affected organ was the stomach, with 52.6% of cases. Risk level was determined as “High” for 45.0%, with an increment of lower levels in recent years. Incidence for the year 2015 doubled that of 2001. Overall, the 5-year net survival estimation was 77.0%. The rising incidence magnitude is consistent with trends in other European countries. Survival evolution lacked statistical significance. A more interventional approach in clinical management could explain the increase in the proportion of “Low Risk GISTs” and the first occurrence of “Very Low Risk” in recent years. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Incidence, Mortality, Trend, and Survival of Cancer)
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0 pages, 5787 KiB  
Article
Population-Based Temporal Trends and Ethnic Disparity in Cervical Cancer Mortality in South Africa (1999–2018): A Join Point and Age–Period–Cohort Regression Analyses
by Gbenga Olorunfemi, Elena Libhaber, Oliver Chukwujekwu Ezechi and Eustasius Musenge
Cancers 2022, 14(24), 6256; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14246256 - 19 Dec 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2433
Abstract
Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths among women in low- and middle-income countries such as South Africa. The current impact of national cervical cancer control and sexual and reproductive health interventions in South Africa reduce its burden. The [...] Read more.
Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths among women in low- and middle-income countries such as South Africa. The current impact of national cervical cancer control and sexual and reproductive health interventions in South Africa reduce its burden. The aim of this study was to assess the trends in cervical cancer mortality and its relation to breast and gynaecological cancers in South Africa from 1999 to 2018. We conducted joinpoint regression analyses of the trends in crude and age-standardised mortality rates (ASMR) for cervical cancer mortality in South Africa from 1999 to 2018. An age–period–cohort regression analysis was also conducted to determine the impact of age, period, and cohort on cervical cancer mortality trends. Analyses were stratified by ethnicity. Cervical cancer (n = 59,190, 43.92%, 95% CI: 43.65–44.18%) was responsible for about 43.9% of breast and gynecological cancer deaths. The mortality rate of cervical cancer (from 11.7 to 14.08 per 100,000) increased at about 0.9% per annum (Average Annual Percent Change (AAPC): 0.9% (AAPC: 0.9%, p-value < 0.001)), and young women aged 25 to 49 years (AAPC: 1.2–3.5%, p-value < 0.001) had increased rates. The risk of cervical cancer mortality increased among successive birth cohorts. In 2018, cervical cancer mortality rate among Blacks (16.74 per 100,000 women) was about twice the rates among Coloureds (8.53 deaths per 100,000 women) and approximately four-fold among Indians/Asians (4.16 deaths per 100,000 women), and Whites (3.06 deaths per 100,000 women). Cervical cancer control efforts should be enhanced in South Africa and targeted at ethnic difference, age, period, and cohort effects. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Incidence, Mortality, Trend, and Survival of Cancer)
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