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Cancers
Special Issues
Medical Physics of Particle Radiotherapy in Cancers
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Medical Physics of Particle Radiotherapy in Cancers

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Research of Cancer".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2022) | Viewed by 5734

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Makoto Sakai

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Gunma University Heavy Ion Medical Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi 371-8511, Japan
Interests: dosimetry; robust planning; neutron measurement; range estimation
Dr. Akihiko Matsumura

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Gunma University Heavy Ion Medical Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
Interests: Dosimetry; Monte Carlo simulation; radiation detector; radiation quality measurement

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Particle therapy is an advanced radiotherapy that uses accelerated ions (proton or carbon). The ion beams exhibit a characteristic dose distribution in the body known as Bragg peak. It can provide a concentrated dose to the target cancer and reduce the damage to surrounding normal tissues. Carbon ion beams are also effective against radioresistant cells due to their high linear energy transfer. Thus, particle therapy has been highly successful due to its physical and biological properties, and has gained increasing interest worldwide.

In order to take advantage of the excellent properties, advanced treatment techniques are required. Treatment devices must be highly controlled, and treatment methods must be able to respond to even the slightest changes in the patient. To improve treatment technique, a large amount of data and development of measurement technologies are required. Therefore, we believe that it is important to open challenges, identify the areas where development is needed, and suggest possible solution paths at this time.

This Special Issue will provide new insights related to medical physics in particle therapy (dosimetry, quality assurance, radiobiology, treatment planning, and other innovations).

Dr. Makoto Sakai
Dr. Akihiko Matsumura
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Cancers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • dosimetry
  • quality assurance
  • radiobiology
  • motion control
  • robust planning
  • adaptive therapy
  • radiation quality measurement

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 1975 KiB  
Article
A Consistent Protocol Reveals a Large Heterogeneity in the Biological Effectiveness of Proton and Carbon-Ion Beams for Various Sarcoma and Normal-Tissue-Derived Cell Lines
by Masashi Yagi, Yutaka Takahashi, Kazumasa Minami, Taeko Matsuura, Jin-Min Nam, Yasuhito Onodera, Takashi Akagi, Takuya Maeda, Tomoaki Okimoto, Hiroki Shirato and Kazuhiko Ogawa
Cancers 2022, 14(8), 2009; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14082009 - 15 Apr 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 1985
Abstract
This study investigated variations in the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) values among various sarcoma and normal-tissue-derived cell lines (normal cell line) in proton beam and carbon-ion irradiations. We used a consistent protocol that specified the timing of irradiation after plating cells and detailed [...] Read more.
This study investigated variations in the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) values among various sarcoma and normal-tissue-derived cell lines (normal cell line) in proton beam and carbon-ion irradiations. We used a consistent protocol that specified the timing of irradiation after plating cells and detailed the colony formation assay. We examined the cell type dependence of RBE for proton beam and carbon-ion irradiations using four human sarcoma cell lines (MG63 osteosarcoma, HT1080 fibrosarcoma, SW872 liposarcoma, and SW1353 chondrosarcoma) and three normal cell lines (HDF human dermal fibroblast, hTERT-HME1 mammary gland, and NuLi-1 bronchus epithelium). The cells were irradiated with gamma rays, proton beams at the center of the spread-out Bragg peak, or carbon-ion beams at 54.4 keV/μm linear energy transfer. In all sarcoma and normal cell lines, the average RBE values in proton beam and carbon-ion irradiations were 1.08 ± 0.11 and 2.08 ± 0.36, which were consistent with the values of 1.1 and 2.13 used in current treatment planning systems, respectively. Up to 34% difference in the RBE of the proton beam was observed between MG63 and HT1080. Similarly, a 32% difference in the RBE of the carbon-ion beam was observed between SW872 and the other sarcoma cell lines. In proton beam irradiation, normal cell lines had less variation in RBE values (within 10%), whereas in carbon-ion irradiation, RBE values differed by up to 48% between hTERT-HME1 and NuLi-1. Our results suggest that specific dose evaluations for tumor and normal tissues are necessary for treatment planning in both proton and carbon-ion therapies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Medical Physics of Particle Radiotherapy in Cancers)
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18 pages, 1886 KiB  
Article
Taking Advantage of the Senescence-Promoting Effect of Olaparib after X-ray and Proton Irradiation Using the Senolytic Drug, ABT-263
by Camille Huart, Maude Fransolet, Catherine Demazy, Benjamin Le Calvé, Stéphane Lucas, Carine Michiels and Anne-Catherine Wéra
Cancers 2022, 14(6), 1460; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14061460 - 12 Mar 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2716
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) is a key component of cancer treatment. Although improvements have been made over the years, radioresistance remains a challenge. For this reason, a better understanding of cell fates in response to RT could improve therapeutic options to enhance cell death and [...] Read more.
Radiotherapy (RT) is a key component of cancer treatment. Although improvements have been made over the years, radioresistance remains a challenge. For this reason, a better understanding of cell fates in response to RT could improve therapeutic options to enhance cell death and reduce adverse effects. Here, we showed that combining RT (photons and protons) to noncytotoxic concentration of PARP inhibitor, Olaparib, induced a cell line-dependent senescence-like phenotype. The senescent cells were characterized by morphological changes, an increase in p21 mRNA expression as well as an increase in senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity. We demonstrated that these senescent cells could be specifically targeted by Navitoclax (ABT-263), a Bcl-2 family inhibitor. This senolytic drug led to significant cell death when combined with RT and Olaparib, while limited cytotoxicity was observed when used alone. These results demonstrate that a combination of RT with PARP inhibition and senolytics could be a promising therapeutic approach for cancer patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Medical Physics of Particle Radiotherapy in Cancers)
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