Endoscopic Diagnosis and Treatment of Early Gastric Cancer: Current Evidence and What the Future May Hold
A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694).
Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 October 2021) | Viewed by 3672
Special Issue Editor
Special Issue Information
Dear Colleagues,
The most common form of gastric cancer develops through a well-established precancerous inflammatory cascade pathway. The first stage, active chronic inflammation, progresses from non-atrophic gastritis to multifocal atrophic gastritis, gastric intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia, and eventually early and finally invasive cancer. This development therefore allows the ability to recognise patients at high risk of gastric cancer, who could then be subjected to regular screening in order to detect progression at an earlier and more readily treatable stage.
Endoscopic biopsy in necessary for the diagnosis and characterization of precancerous gastric lesions. Modern endoscopy imaging technologies have shown increased accuracy in the detection and characterisation of these lesions. White Light Endoscopy is the standard endoscopy imaging technique but has limitations in identifying less obvious abnormalities such as flat precancerous lesions. This can result in either missed or misidentified lesions. Conversely, chromoendoscopy and virtual/electronic chromoendoscopy techniques have been used to aid the endoscopist in identifying dysplasia or early gastric cancer by enhancing the visualization of superficial mucosal and vascular structures. Lesions which are detected can be addressed using minimally invasive advanced endoscopic techniques including Endoscopic Mucosal Resection (EMR) and Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection (ESD). This can result in a complete cure without the need for surgery and the associated risks to the patient and costs to the healthcare system.
This review will focus on up-to-date information on the inflammatory cascade in the development of gastric cancer as well as novel endoscopic imaging modalities available to detect dysplasia and gastric cancer and endoscopic treatment modalities that are available to address these lesions.
Dr. Rajvinder Singh
Guest Editor
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Keywords
- early gastric cancer
- dysplasia
- gastric atrophy
- gastric intestinal metaplasia
- Helicobacter Pylori
- advanced mucosal imaging, Artificial Intelligence
- Endoscopic Mucosal Resection
- Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection
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