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Cancers
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PET/CT in Radiation Oncology
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PET/CT in Radiation Oncology

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Methods and Technologies Development".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 May 2026 | Viewed by 1068

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Gurdip Azad

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Guy’s and St Thomas’ Hospital, London SE1 9RT, UK
2. King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK
Interests: prostate cancer; clinical oncology; radiotherapy; pet scanning; artificial intelligence
Prof. Dr. Gary Cook

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Cancer Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, St. Thomas’ Hospital, London, UK
Interests: [18F]NaF PET; bone metabolism; metastatic bone diseases; metabolic bone diseases; image analysis; radiomics; artificial intelligence
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) has emerged as a crucial imaging modality in radiation oncology, offering unmatched performance in tumour staging and treatment response assessment. This Special Issue aims to explore the transformative role of PET-CT using different radiotracers, tumour volume delineation, adaptive radiotherapy, and monitoring of treatment efficacy, ultimately aiming to improve patient survival and quality of life. The articles in this issue will provide insight into future directions, such as theranostics, integration with artificial intelligence, and advancing personalised care.

Dr. Gurdip Azad
Prof. Dr. Gary Cook
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Cancers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • PET-CT
  • radiation oncology
  • theranostics
  • artificial intelligence
  • personalised care
  • tumour volume delineation
  • adaptive radiotherapy

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

11 pages, 477 KB  
Article
Diagnostic Accuracy of [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET-CT in Characterising Bone Lesions in Prostate Cancer: A Single-Centre Study
by Aishani Sachdeva, Mona Salem, John Jenkins, Kyle Wong, Gary J. R. Cook and Gurdip Azad
Cancers 2026, 18(7), 1090; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers18071090 - 27 Mar 2026
Viewed by 652
Abstract
Background: Precise staging of prostate cancer is vital for treatment planning and prognosis. While [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET-CT has demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy in detecting metastatic disease, the interpretation of indeterminate or potentially benign PSMA-avid bone lesions remains a clinical challenge in routine [...] Read more.
Background: Precise staging of prostate cancer is vital for treatment planning and prognosis. While [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET-CT has demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy in detecting metastatic disease, the interpretation of indeterminate or potentially benign PSMA-avid bone lesions remains a clinical challenge in routine practice. Methods: We conducted a retrospective single-centre study involving 214 patients who underwent [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET-CT between January 2021 and January 2024. Patients with prior known bone metastases or alternative PSMA radiotracers were excluded. Only those with follow-up imaging were included for diagnostic accuracy analysis. Follow-up modalities included PSMA PET-CT, CT, MRI, and bone scintigraphy. Final classification (metastatic or benign) was based on radiological and clinical assessment. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated using follow-up imaging as the reference standard. Lesions classified as indeterminate were analysed separately and excluded from diagnostic performance calculations. Results: Of the 214 included patients, 142 had follow-up imaging. Among 80 patients with bone lesions initially reported as metastatic, 74 (92.5%) were confirmed. Among 28 patients initially reported as having benign bone lesions, 26 (92.9%) remained benign on follow-up. Thirty-four patients with indeterminate lesions were reviewed; four were ultimately metastatic. Excluding indeterminate cases, sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV were 97.4%, 86.7%, 94.9%, and 92.9%, respectively. Diagnostic discordance was primarily associated with benign uptake in the ribs, iliac bones, pubic rami and degenerative changes. Conclusions: [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET-CT shows excellent sensitivity and positive predictive value for detecting metastatic bone disease in prostate cancer. However, benign lesions may also exhibit uptake, emphasising the importance of integrating imaging results with PSA levels, Gleason scores, and TNM staging. Prospective studies are needed to validate these findings and assess their impact on long-term outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue PET/CT in Radiation Oncology)
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