Advances in Oncological Imaging (2nd Edition)

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Methods and Technologies Development".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 28 February 2026 | Viewed by 3463

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Radiology Department, Fatebenefratelli Hospital, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Piazza Principessa Clotilde 3, 20121 Milan, Italy
Interests: magnetic resonance; computed tomography; artificial intelligence; radiomics; neuroradiology; MRI lymphography; medical imaging
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Postgraduate School of Radiodiagnostics, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
Interests: interventional radiology; artificial intelligence; radiology; oncological imaging
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue is the second edition of the Special Issue “Advances in Oncological Imaging”, available at https://www.mdpi.com/journal/cancers/special_issues/L31K1N2AT2.

With cancer being one of the leading causes of death worldwide, there is an urgent need for novel and more effective imaging methods that can detect cancer at an early stage, accurately predict patient outcomes, and aid in personalized treatment planning. This Special Issue brings together a collection of original research articles, reviews, and perspectives that showcase cutting-edge imaging technologies and innovative approaches in cancer imaging, including molecular imaging, radiomics, artificial intelligence, and multimodal imaging. Our goal is to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of cancer imaging and to promote the translation of these advances into clinical practice to improve patient outcomes.

Recent advancements in oncological imaging technologies have greatly improved the detection and treatment of malignancy.

Developments in MRI and CT equipment have allowed significant improvements in image quality and reduction in acquisition times. Moreover, CT has also benefited from deep learning algorithms to reconstruct high-quality images from low-dose data, with a reduction in radiation exposure by up to 80% compared to standard CT scans.

Multimodal imaging technologies allow for a more comprehensive view of the patient’s cancer, which can improve diagnosis and treatment planning.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is also being increasingly used in oncological imaging to aid in the detection, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer. AI applications include automated tumor detection and segmentation to help radiologists in rapid and accurate tumor detection and characterization.

Radiomics feature extraction combined with AI predictive models aid cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment response prediction to provide a customized approach and ultimately improve patient outcomes.

This Special Issue will highlight the novelties in oncological imaging in the field of image acquisition and reconstruction technologies, as well as AI applications for the automatic detection, segmentation, and feature extraction of data, to achieve increasingly personalized medicine.

Dr. Michaela Cellina
Dr. Maurizio Cè
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Cancers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • oncological imaging
  • radiomics
  • deep learning
  • machine learning
  • image reconstruction
  • artificial intelligence
  • outcome prediction
  • oncological treatment planning
  • advanced imaging
  • personalized medicine

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 515 KiB  
Article
A Retrospective Assessment of Computed Tomography-Based Body Composition and Toxicity in Ovarian Cancer Patients Treated with PARP Inhibitors
by Marta Nerone, Giorgio Raia, Maria Del Grande, Lucia Manganaro, Giordano Moscatelli, Clelia Di Serio, Andrea Papadia, Esteban Ciliberti, Elena Trevisi, Cristiana Sessa, Filippo Del Grande, Ilaria Colombo and Stefania Rizzo
Cancers 2025, 17(12), 1963; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17121963 - 12 Jun 2025
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Abstract
Objectives: The objective of this single-site retrospective study was to assess the association between Computed Tomography (CT)-based whole-body composition values with dose reduction in patients with a diagnosis of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) treated with poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (PARPi). Methods: [...] Read more.
Objectives: The objective of this single-site retrospective study was to assess the association between Computed Tomography (CT)-based whole-body composition values with dose reduction in patients with a diagnosis of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) treated with poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (PARPi). Methods: Forty-eight patients (median age 61 years; interquartile range 53–68.5) with EOC who had a thorax and abdomen CT scan (performed before starting PARPi) were enrolled. Recorded clinical data included age, weight, height, stage, start and end date of PARPi, dose reduction, premature discontinuation of therapy, date of last contact, progression, and death. Body composition values were automatically extracted by dedicated software. Given the exploratory nature of the study, the statistical analysis combined univariate assessments (univariate logistic regression) used to evaluate the individual effect of each variable on the probability of dose reduction, with a classification tree approach—a data-driven machine learning method considering all variables simultaneously as covariates. This integrated strategy was designed to identify empirical cut-offs defining body composition profiles associated with increased risk of toxicity. Results: Univariate logistic regression showed no statistically significant effect of body composition variables on the probability of dose reduction. Due to the complexity of variable relations, a machine-learning approach with a classification tree showed that SKM (skeletal muscle) was the sole body composition variable significantly associated with dose reduction. Specifically, there was a higher risk of dose reduction with SKM values ≥ 7506 cm3 and < 8650 cm3 (p = 0.0118). Conclusions: In this exploratory study, a significant association of whole-body composition parameters (SKM) with dose reduction was observed in patients with a 7506 cm3 ≤ SKM < 8650 cm3. If confirmed in larger cohorts, these findings could help clinicians identify patients who might benefit from an upfront reduced PARPi dose. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Oncological Imaging (2nd Edition))
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34 pages, 13543 KiB  
Article
Unveiling Another Dimension: Advanced Visualization of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis via Micro-CT Imaging
by Sergey Tkachev, Vladimir Brosalov, Oleg Kit, Alexey Maksimov, Anna Goncharova, Evgeniy Sadyrin, Alexandra Dalina, Elena Popova, Anton Osipenko, Mark Voloshin, Nikolay Karnaukhov and Peter Timashev
Cancers 2025, 17(7), 1139; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17071139 - 28 Mar 2025
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Abstract
Invasion and metastasis are well-known hallmarks of cancer, with metastatic disease accounting for 60% to 90% of cancer-related deaths [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Oncological Imaging (2nd Edition))
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