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Mitochondrial Metabolism in Cancer Immune Responses

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 October 2026 | Viewed by 1219

Special Issue Editors

Department of Biochemistry, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan 54538, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
Interests: mitochondria; mitochondrial dynamics; metastasis; metabolism; mitochondrial motility

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Guest Editor
Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Yong-In 17035, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
Interests: leuckmia; platelet-mediated immunomodulation; mitochondrial dynamics; immune megakaryocyte; leukemia stem cell niche

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Mitochondria play a central role in cancer metabolism, not only by supporting tumor growth through bioenergetic and biosynthetic pathways but also by shaping immune responses within the tumor microenvironment (TME). Beyond their traditional bioenergetic functions, emerging evidence suggests that mitochondria regulate key aspects of immune cell activation, differentiation, and persistence, influencing the delicate balance between anti-tumor immunity, immune evasion, and response to cancer therapies.

Cancer cells undergo metabolic reprogramming to sustain rapid growth, often exploiting mitochondrial pathways to evade immune surveillance. Recent research has highlighted the profound impact of mitochondrial metabolism on immune cell function. Within the TME, mitochondrial metabolic reprogramming is crucial for the anti-tumor activity of immune cells, including T cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and M1 macrophages. These immune cells adapt their metabolism under TME stress conditions, which is essential for effective anti-tumor immunity. Additionally, mitochondrial damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), such as mitochondrial DNA, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS), and extracellular ATP, play key roles in modulating immune responses.

Despite significant advances, many aspects of mitochondrial metabolism in cancer immune responses remain unclear.

This Special Issue aims to explore the intricate and dynamic roles of mitochondrial metabolism in cancer immunology. By bringing together experts in cancer metabolism, immunology, and mitochondrial biology, we seek to provide novel insights into targeting mitochondrial pathways to enhance anti-tumor immunity. We hope this collection will deepen our understanding and pave the way for innovative therapeutic approaches.

We look forward to your contributions.

Dr. Jae Ho Seo
Dr. Kiwon Lee
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Cancers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • mitochondria
  • cancer metabolism
  • immune response
  • tumor microenvironment (TME)
  • immunometabolism
  • mitochondrial reprogramming
  • reactive oxygen species (ROS)
  • cancer immunotherapy

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

26 pages, 2088 KB  
Review
Amino Acid-Driven Mitochondrial Metabolic Rewiring Controls Antitumor Immunity
by Suji Ham, Min-Jeong Jo, Kwon-Ho Song and Bo-Hyun Choi
Cancers 2026, 18(9), 1474; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers18091474 - 3 May 2026
Viewed by 794
Abstract
Amino acids are essential nutrients for both tumor growth and immune cell function. Cancer cells actively deplete intracellular and extracellular amino acid pools, and limited amino acid availability in the tumor microenvironment (TME) reinforces immunosuppression. Mitochondria are not merely adenosine triphosphate-producing organelles. Amino [...] Read more.
Amino acids are essential nutrients for both tumor growth and immune cell function. Cancer cells actively deplete intracellular and extracellular amino acid pools, and limited amino acid availability in the tumor microenvironment (TME) reinforces immunosuppression. Mitochondria are not merely adenosine triphosphate-producing organelles. Amino acid metabolism within mitochondria contributes to tumor progression and influences immune cell fate and effector function. These effects are mediated through biosynthetic precursor generation for lipid, nucleotide, and polyamine synthesis, maintenance redox homeostasis through glutathione and NAD+ metabolism, and regulation of gene expression through aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling. In this review, we discuss four major mitochondrial amino acid metabolic pathways: glutamine-driven anaplerosis, serine/glycine-dependent one-carbon metabolism, arginine–ornithine metabolism, and tryptophan–kynurenine metabolism. We examine how these pathways are rewired in cancer cells, how they influence immune cell function through direct or mitochondria-associated mechanisms, and how such metabolic reprogramming promotes tumor progression while impairing antitumor immunity. Finally, we consider therapeutic strategies to improve cancer immunotherapy by targeting amino acid metabolism, including mitochondrial metabolic enzymes. This review may help guide the development of more effective metabolic biomarkers and mitochondria-based therapeutic strategies for cancer immunotherapy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mitochondrial Metabolism in Cancer Immune Responses)
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