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Biologic Advancements in Childhood and Adolescent Cancers: From Disease Mechanisms to Precision Therapies

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Pediatric Oncology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2026 | Viewed by 615

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
2nd Department of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA University Hospital, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece
Interests: childhood cancer; survivorship; adolescents and young adults with cancer; acute lymphoblastic leukemia; Hodgkin lymphoma; thrombosis
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Guest Editor
1st Department of Pediatrics, Aristotle University, Ippokratio General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
Interests: microRNA; infectious agents; tumor; uveal melanoma; radiation treatment
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are pleased to announce a call for submissions for a Special Issue of Cancers focused on disease-specific biologic breakthroughs and their translational applications in pediatric oncology. This Special Issue will provide a dual focus:

  1. Disease-Centric Biological Insights

Highlighting novel discoveries in high-impact malignancies:

  • Leukemias and Lymphomas (e.g., RAS pathway dysregulation in ALL);
  • Central Nervous System Tumors (e.g., H3K27M mutations in DIPG);
  • Sarcomas (e.g., fusion oncoproteins in Ewing sarcoma);
  • Rare Pediatric Cancers (e.g., NTRK-fusion tumors).
  1. Mechanism-Driven Therapeutic Innovation

Prioritizing studies bridging biology to clinical tools:

  • Target Identification: Unique molecular vulnerabilities in pediatric vs. adult cancers;
  • Treatment Modalities;
  • Overcoming Resistance: Tumor microenvironment interactions and adaptive pathways.

This Special Issue will curate research that directly addresses the biologic "knowledge gaps" impeding progress in childhood cancers, with a mandate to the following:

  • Define disease-specific therapeutic targets;
  • Propose biomarker-driven clinical trial designs;
  • Showcase interdisciplinary models (e.g., organoids, AI-driven omics);

Submission Types: Original research, comprehensive reviews.

Dr. Emmanouel Hatzipantelis
Dr. Eleni Tsotridou
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Cancers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • pediatric oncology
  • precision therapies
  • molecular vulnerabilities
  • biomarker-driven trials
  • disease mechanisms

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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18 pages, 695 KB  
Systematic Review
Newer Insights on the Occurrence of Sarcopenia in Pediatric Patients with Cancer: A Systematic Review of the Past 5 Years of Literature
by Georgios Kiosis, Despoina Ioannou, Kanellos Skourtsidis, Vasilis Fouskas, Konstantinos Stergiou, Dimitrios Kavvadas, Theodora Papamitsou, Sofia Karachrysafi and Maria Kourti
Cancers 2025, 17(19), 3188; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17193188 - 30 Sep 2025
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Abstract
Background/Objectives: Sarcopenia, defined as the progressive loss of muscle mass and function, is increasingly recognized in pediatric cancer patients as a significant clinical and prognostic factor. Sarcopenia in children arises from malignancy-related inflammation, malnutrition, and treatment toxicity, negatively affecting treatment response, recovery, and [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Sarcopenia, defined as the progressive loss of muscle mass and function, is increasingly recognized in pediatric cancer patients as a significant clinical and prognostic factor. Sarcopenia in children arises from malignancy-related inflammation, malnutrition, and treatment toxicity, negatively affecting treatment response, recovery, and quality of life. Methods: We searched MEDLINE and Scopus for English-written articles published over the last five years using synonyms for the terms “sarcopenia” and “pediatric cancer”. Screening and data extraction were performed in a duplicate-blinded method. We qualitatively synthesized eligible articles. Results: Recent studies identify pre-treatment sarcopenia as a marker of poor prognosis, especially in hepatoblastoma and neuroblastoma. Total psoas muscle area (tax) and skeletal muscle index (SMI) are emerging diagnostic tools, though standardized methods remain lacking. Sarcopenia’s etiology is multifactorial, involving impaired mitochondrial metabolism, chemotherapy-induced appetite loss, and systemic inflammation. Sarcopenic obesity is common, particularly among leukemia survivors, often masked by normal BMI. Survivors also face reduced bone density, impaired immunity, and persistent muscle loss, linked to prior therapies such as radiotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Increase in muscle mass post-treatment correlates with better survival outcomes. Conclusions: Early detection of sarcopenia can support timely interventions such as nutritional support and physical activity. Yet, significant diagnostic heterogeneity across existing studies hampers definitive conclusions regarding its true prevalence and the optimal assessment method. Standardized diagnostic criteria are urgently needed to enable more reliable prevalence estimates and evidence-based clinical strategies. Full article
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