Advances in Medical Imaging for Cancer Detection and Diagnosis

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Cancer Causes, Screening and Diagnosis".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 7 November 2025 | Viewed by 567

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Radiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
Interests: visual search; image perception; artificial intelligence

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Guest Editor
Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
Interests: imaging; machine learning

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cancer accounts for nearly 10 million annual deaths worldwide, making it a leading cause for mortality. Moreover, the estimated global economic costs of cancers from 2020 to 2050 is $25.2 trillion international dollars1. This is equivalent to an annual tax of 0.55% on the global domestic product1. Medical imaging is a key component of early cancer detection and diagnosis, being it in the form of radiological images, in the form of histopathological or cytopathological images, etc. Screening programs that are based on imaging worldwide have shown the importance of radiology in early-stage cancer detection. Furthermore, digitization in pathology has allowed for collaborations across continents and for the development of computer aid in that domain.

In this Special Issue, we are seeking to determine new imaging techniques, as well as applications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML), for cancer detection and diagnosis. Applications are sought for (but are not limited to) the following areas:

  • Photon-counting CT applications and developments;
  • Radiomics;
  • AI and ML applications;
  • Collaborative CAD/AI;
  • Computational Pathology;
  • Multimodality imaging of cancer, especially in vivo;
  • Emerging cancer imaging modalities.

Reference
1. Chen S et al. JAMA Oncology 2023; 9(4):465-472.

Dr. Claudia R. Mello-Thoms
Dr. Mark Anastasio
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Cancers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • photon-counting CT applications and developments
  • radiomics
  • AI and ML applications
  • collaborative CAD/AI
  • computational pathology
  • multimodality imaging of cancer, especially in vivo
  • emerging cancer imaging modalities
  • cancer imaging
  • machine learning
  • artificial intelligence
  • medical imaging

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

21 pages, 978 KiB  
Review
Evolving and Novel Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Cancer Imaging
by Mustaqueem Pallumeera, Jonathan C. Giang, Ramanpreet Singh, Nooruddin S. Pracha and Mina S. Makary
Cancers 2025, 17(9), 1510; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17091510 - 30 Apr 2025
Viewed by 319
Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing cancer imaging, enhancing screening, diagnosis, and treatment options for clinicians. AI-driven applications, particularly deep learning and machine learning, excel in risk assessment, tumor detection, classification, and predictive treatment prognosis. Machine learning algorithms, especially deep learning frameworks, improve lesion [...] Read more.
Artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing cancer imaging, enhancing screening, diagnosis, and treatment options for clinicians. AI-driven applications, particularly deep learning and machine learning, excel in risk assessment, tumor detection, classification, and predictive treatment prognosis. Machine learning algorithms, especially deep learning frameworks, improve lesion characterization and automated segmentation, leading to enhanced radiomic feature extraction and delineation. Radiomics, which quantifies imaging features, offers personalized treatment response predictions across various imaging modalities. AI models also facilitate technological improvements in non-diagnostic tasks, such as image optimization and automated medical reporting. Despite advancements, challenges persist in integrating AI into healthcare, tracking accurate data, and ensuring patient privacy. Validation through clinician input and multi-institutional studies is essential for patient safety and model generalizability. This requires support from radiologists worldwide and consideration of complex regulatory processes. Future directions include elaborating on existing optimizations, integrating advanced AI techniques, improving patient-centric medicine, and expanding healthcare accessibility. AI can enhance cancer imaging, optimizing precision medicine and improving patient outcomes. Ongoing multidisciplinary collaboration between radiologists, oncologists, software developers, and regulatory bodies is crucial for AI’s growing role in clinical oncology. This review aims to provide an overview of the applications of AI in oncologic imaging while also discussing their limitations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Medical Imaging for Cancer Detection and Diagnosis)
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