Neural Mechanisms and Patterns of Auditory Processes and Their Influence on Cognition

A special issue of Brain Sciences (ISSN 2076-3425). This special issue belongs to the section "Neuro-otology and Neuro-ophthalmology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 October 2024 | Viewed by 2967

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
1. Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
2. BrainSigns Ltd., 00198 Rome, Italy
Interests: auditory cognitive neuroscience; cochlear implants; tinnitus; neuroaesthetics; con-sumer neuroscience
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Guest Editor
ComD, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
Interests: auditory cognitive neuroscience; autism; sensory processing; neuroimaging; double empathy problem

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Guest Editor Assistant
1. Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
2. BrainSigns Ltd., 00198 Rome, Italy
Interests: auditory cognitive neuroscience; cochlear implants; neuroaesthetics; working memory; cognitive psychology; affective neuroscience

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Auditory perception is the ability to receive and interpret information through audible frequency waves transmitted through the ears or technological devices. Auditory processing can also arise from auditory stimulation via cochlear implants and hearing aids. Moreover, other sensory modalities could influence or even support auditory perception and processing, particularly with reference to multisensory integration. Overall, studies of auditory perception and cognition have also been considered important in various fields, and this topic may have implications for typical development, aging, and clinical settings. The exploration of the relationship between auditory perception and cognition provides many potential benefits, including those concerning the development of signal processing applications and automatic speech recognition. While these technologies are maturing, there is still much room for improvement. Auditory processing also appears to be fundamental for neurodevelopment, having consequences on different skills and patterns not immediately or strictly related to audition, such as emotion recognition and working memory. Additionally, hearing loss has been identified as being one of the modifiable risk factors for dementia and cognitive decline. Thus, though there are numerous connections between audition and cognition, these associations are, in many cases, hypothetical and still being investigated.

The present Special Issue aims to highlight current perspectives on the relationship between auditory perceptions and cognition in all stages of life, especially from a neuroscientific perspective. It will also bring attention to auditory dysfunction and cognitive decline. We welcome original articles and reviews that deepen our understanding of such a field.

Dr. Giulia Cartocci
Dr. Garrett Cardon
Guest Editors

Dr. Bianca Maria Serena Inguscio
Guest Editor Assistant

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Keywords

  • hearing loss
  • listening effort
  • cochlear implant
  • tinnitus
  • psychoacoustics
  • brain imaging
  • cognitive functions
  • speech recognition
  • music
  • neurodevelopment

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 1837 KiB  
Article
Echoes from Sensory Entrainment in Auditory Working Memory for Pitch
by Matthew G. Wisniewski
Brain Sci. 2024, 14(8), 792; https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci14080792 - 7 Aug 2024
Viewed by 685
Abstract
Ongoing neural oscillations reflect cycles of excitation and inhibition in local neural populations, with individual neurons being more or less likely to fire depending upon the oscillatory phase. As a result, the oscillations could determine whether or not a sound is perceived and/or [...] Read more.
Ongoing neural oscillations reflect cycles of excitation and inhibition in local neural populations, with individual neurons being more or less likely to fire depending upon the oscillatory phase. As a result, the oscillations could determine whether or not a sound is perceived and/or whether its neural representation enters into later processing stages. While empirical support for this idea has come from sound detection studies, large gaps in knowledge still exist regarding memory for sound events. In the current study, it was investigated how sensory entrainment impacts the fidelity of working memory representations for pitch. In two separate experiments, an 8 Hz amplitude modulated (AM) entraining stimulus was presented prior to a multitone complex having an f0 between 270 and 715 Hz. This “target” sound could be presented at phases from 0 to 2π radians in relation to the previous AM. After a retention interval of 4 s (Experiment 1; n = 26) or 2 s (Experiment 2; n = 28), listeners were tasked to reproduce the target sound’s pitch by moving their finger along the horizontal axis of a response pad. It was hypothesized that if entrainment modulates auditory working memory fidelity, reproductions of a target’s pitch would be more accurate and precise when targets were presented in phase with the entrainment. Cosine fits of the average data for both experiments showed a significant entrainment “echo” in the accuracy of pitch matches. There was no apparent echo in the matching precision. Fitting of the individual data accuracy showed that the optimal phase was consistent across individuals, aligning near the next AM peak had the AM continued. The results show that sensory entrainment modulates auditory working memory in addition to stimulus detection, consistent with the proposal that ongoing neural oscillatory activity modulates higher-order auditory processes. Full article
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12 pages, 873 KiB  
Article
Sustained Cognitive Improvement in Patients over 65 Two Years after Cochlear Implantation
by Sophia Marie Häußler, Elisabeth Stankow, Steffen Knopke, Agnieszka J. Szczepek and Heidi Olze
Brain Sci. 2023, 13(12), 1673; https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13121673 - 3 Dec 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1452
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the long-term benefits of cochlear implantation (CI) on cognitive performance, speech perception, and psychological status in post-lingually deafened patients older than 65 (n = 33). Patients were consecutively enrolled in this prospective study and assessed before, one [...] Read more.
This study aimed to evaluate the long-term benefits of cochlear implantation (CI) on cognitive performance, speech perception, and psychological status in post-lingually deafened patients older than 65 (n = 33). Patients were consecutively enrolled in this prospective study and assessed before, one year after, and two years after CI for speech perception, depressive symptoms, perceived stress, and working memory and processing speed. The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) was used for the latter. Thirty-three patients (fourteen men and nineteen women) were included. The scores indicating “hearing in quiet” and “hearing with background noise” improved significantly one year after CI and remained so two years after CI. The sound localization scores improved two years after CI. The depressive symptoms and perceived stress scores were low at the study’s onset and remained unchanged. Working memory improved significantly two years after CI, while processing speed improved significantly one year after CI and was maintained after that. The improvement in working memory and processing speed two years after CI suggests there is a sustained positive effect of auditory rehabilitation with CI on cognitive abilities. Full article
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