Inflammation and Its Treatment in Spinal Cord Injury and Neurodegenerative Diseases

A special issue of Brain Sciences (ISSN 2076-3425). This special issue belongs to the section "Neuropharmacology and Neuropathology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 January 2027 | Viewed by 892

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Unidad de Investigación Médica en Farmacología, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico
Interests: neuronal damage and functional recovery; spinal cord injury (SCI); oxidative stress; brain; reactive oxygen species; free radicals; apoptosis; neuroscience; neurobiology

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Guest Editor
Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Laboratory BL 301, Division of Neuroscience, Institute of Cellular Physiology, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico
Interests: mechanisms of programmed neuronal death; role of reactive oxygen species in neuronal death; role of NADPH-oxidase in neuronal death and development; mechanisms of cannabinoid-induced neuroprotection

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Guest Editor
Departamento de Investigación en Farmacoepidemiología, Unidad de Investigación Biomédica y Bioseguridad, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
Interests: murine models of chronic and neurodegenerative diseases (spinal cord injury, Alzheimer's disease, metabolic syndrome); pharmacovigilance; pharmacoepide-miologic studies in pediatric patients (antimiocrobials resistance)

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Inflammation plays a central and complex role in the pathophysiology of both spinal cord injury (SCI) and neurodegenerative diseases. Traditionally regarded as a secondary contributor to neural damage, neuroinflammation is now understood as a dynamic process that can drive both injury progression and repair, depending on its timing, intensity, and cellular context. This Special Issue aims to advance the current understanding of inflammatory mechanisms and therapeutic strategies in SCI and in neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, etc.

The scope of this issue includes experimental and clinical research focused on inflammation-mediated mechanisms of neural damage, as well as the evaluation of anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective interventions. Studies addressing disease progression, cellular and molecular mediators of inflammation, and treatment efficacy in both SCI and neurodegenerative disorders are particularly encouraged.

We welcome original research articles, comprehensive reviews, and translational studies that contribute to the development of targeted anti-inflammatory therapies across spinal cord injury and major neurodegenerative diseases.

Dr. Angélica Coyoy-Salgado
Prof. Dr. Julio Morán
Dr. Julia Jeanett Segura-Uribe
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • spinal cord injury
  • neuroprotection
  • neurodegenerative diseases
  • oxidative stress
  • inflammatory biomarkers
  • neuroregeneration
  • therapeutic strategies

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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19 pages, 384 KB  
Systematic Review
Etanercept in Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review
by Lucas Gorial Garmo, Sid Osborn, Emily Hock, Julien Rossignol and Gary L. Dunbar
Brain Sci. 2026, 16(4), 388; https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci16040388 - 31 Mar 2026
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Abstract
Background/Objectives: Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) frequently results in permanent motor and sensory deficits. Tumor necrosis factor-α is rapidly upregulated after SCI and contributes to secondary injury cascades, including microglial activation, cytokine amplification, and blood–spinal cord barrier disruption. Etanercept, a TNF-α inhibitor, [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) frequently results in permanent motor and sensory deficits. Tumor necrosis factor-α is rapidly upregulated after SCI and contributes to secondary injury cascades, including microglial activation, cytokine amplification, and blood–spinal cord barrier disruption. Etanercept, a TNF-α inhibitor, has been investigated in modulating post-SCI neuroinflammation. This systematic review synthesizes preclinical evidence evaluating the therapeutic role of etanercept in SCI. Methods: A systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020 guidelines. The review was not prospectively registered. PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched through 9 December 2025. Eligible studies included original investigations of etanercept administered for in vivo mammalian models of SCI. Non-English articles, preprints, conference abstracts, case reports, and reviews were excluded. Risk of bias was assessed independently by at least two reviewers using the SYRCLE tool. Due to heterogeneity in models and dosing strategies, meta-analysis was not performed. Results: Of 119 records identified, 36 duplicates were removed. After screening 83 titles and abstracts, 67 were excluded. One additional study was excluded after full-text retrieval. Thus, 15 articles were included. Primary outcomes varied between studies, including inflammation, histopathology, and functional recovery. Conclusions: Preclinical evidence suggests that etanercept may attenuate early neuroinflammation after SCI; however, methodological heterogeneity and limited data warrant further investigation. This work was supported by the College of Medicine at Central Michigan University, the John G. Kulhavi Professorship in Neuroscience, and the E. Malcolm Field and Gary Leo Dunbar Endowed Chair in Neuroscience at Central Michigan University. Full article
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