Micro- and Nanopore Biosensors

A special issue of Biosensors (ISSN 2079-6374). This special issue belongs to the section "Nano- and Micro-Technologies in Biosensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 27737

Special Issue Editor

The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
Interests: single-molecule sequencing using nanopores and nanoelectrodes; machine-learning-enhanced resistive pulse analyses; integrated nanopore sensors; ion and mass transport in functionalized nanopores and nanochannels
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Micro- and nanopore biosensing is a fascinating interdiciprinary research frontier encompassing life science, physics, chemistry, and today even informatics. It measures electrical or optical signals upon translocation or trap of analytes in a specially designed hole in either a solid-state or a bological membrane that allows identification of single molecules and particles of virtually any size from cell to nucleotide in electrolyte solution. Significant efforts have been devoted in the last decade to making use of the simple and versatile sensor mechanism for a vast range of analytical applications, such as particle analyses, cancer diagnostics, viral screening, proteomics, and genome sequencing.

This Special Issue aims to showcase cutting-edge research and reviews on micro- and nanopore sensors including, but not limited to, the following specific topics:

  • Novel biosensing methods and applications of micro- and nanopores;
  • Micro- and nanopore engineering for enhanced sensor sensitivity;
  • Integrated biosensor systems based on micro- and nanopores;
  • Post digital processing and machine learning for micro- and nanopore sensing.

Prof. Dr. Makusu Tsutsui
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • ionic current
  • nanofluidics
  • SERS
  • MEMS
  • NEMS
  • finite element simulations
  • translocation dynamics
  • machine learning
  • post digital processing

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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10 pages, 3164 KiB  
Article
Application of Micropore Device for Accurate, Easy, and Rapid Discrimination of Saccharomyces pastorianus from Dekkera spp.
by Kazumichi Yokota, Asae Takeo, Hiroko Abe, Yuji Kurokawa, Muneaki Hashimoto, Kazuaki Kajimoto, Masato Tanaka, Sanae Murayama, Yoshihiro Nakajima, Masateru Taniguchi and Masatoshi Kataoka
Biosensors 2021, 11(8), 272; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios11080272 - 12 Aug 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2142
Abstract
Traceability analysis, such as identification and discrimination of yeasts used for fermentation, is important for ensuring manufacturing efficiency and product safety during brewing. However, conventional methods based on morphological and physiological properties have disadvantages such as time consumption and low sensitivity. In this [...] Read more.
Traceability analysis, such as identification and discrimination of yeasts used for fermentation, is important for ensuring manufacturing efficiency and product safety during brewing. However, conventional methods based on morphological and physiological properties have disadvantages such as time consumption and low sensitivity. In this study, the resistive pulse method (RPM) was employed to discriminate between Saccharomyces pastorianus and Dekkera anomala and S. pastorianus and D. bruxellensis by measuring the ionic current response of cells flowing through a microsized pore. The height and shape of the pulse signal were used for the simultaneous measurement of the size, shape, and surface charge of individual cells. Accurate discrimination of S. pastorianus from Dekkera spp. was observed with a recall rate of 96.3 ± 0.8%. Furthermore, budding S. pastorianus was quantitatively detected by evaluating the shape of the waveform of the current ionic blockade. We showed a proof-of-concept demonstration of RPM for the detection of contamination of Dekkera spp. in S. pastorianus and for monitoring the fermentation of S. pastorianus through the quantitative detection of budding cells. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Micro- and Nanopore Biosensors)
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11 pages, 1718 KiB  
Article
Effect of Electrolyte Concentration on Cell Sensing by Measuring Ionic Current Waveform through Micropores
by Kazumichi Yokota, Muneaki Hashimoto, Kazuaki Kajimoto, Masato Tanaka, Sanae Murayama, Makusu Tsutsui, Yoshihiro Nakajima, Masateru Taniguchi and Masatoshi Kataoka
Biosensors 2021, 11(3), 78; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios11030078 - 12 Mar 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1864
Abstract
Immunostaining has been widely used in cancer prognosis for the quantitative detection of cancer cells present in the bloodstream. However, conventional detection methods based on the target membrane protein expression exhibit the risk of missing cancer cells owing to variable protein expressions. In [...] Read more.
Immunostaining has been widely used in cancer prognosis for the quantitative detection of cancer cells present in the bloodstream. However, conventional detection methods based on the target membrane protein expression exhibit the risk of missing cancer cells owing to variable protein expressions. In this study, the resistive pulse method (RPM) was employed to discriminate between cultured cancer cells (NCI-H1650) and T lymphoblastoid leukemia cells (CCRF-CEM) by measuring the ionic current response of cells flowing through a micro-space. The height and shape of a pulse signal were used for the simultaneous measurement of size, deformability, and surface charge of individual cells. An accurate discrimination of cancer cells could not be obtained using 1.0 × phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) as an electrolyte solution to compare the size measurements by a microscopic observation. However, an accurate discrimination of cancer cells with a discrimination error rate of 4.5 ± 0.5% was achieved using 0.5 × PBS containing 2.77% glucose as the electrolyte solution. The potential application of RPM for the accurate discrimination of cancer cells from leukocytes was demonstrated through the measurement of the individual cell size, deformability, and surface charge in a solution with a low electrolyte concentration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Micro- and Nanopore Biosensors)
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13 pages, 4022 KiB  
Article
Machine Learning to Improve the Sensing of Biomolecules by Conical Track-Etched Nanopore
by Nathan Meyer, Jean-Marc Janot, Mathilde Lepoitevin, Michaël Smietana, Jean-Jacques Vasseur, Joan Torrent and Sébastien Balme
Biosensors 2020, 10(10), 140; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios10100140 - 05 Oct 2020
Cited by 21 | Viewed by 4134
Abstract
Single nanopore is a powerful platform to detect, discriminate and identify biomacromolecules. Among the different devices, the conical nanopores obtained by the track-etched technique on a polymer film are stable and easy to functionalize. However, these advantages are hampered by their high aspect [...] Read more.
Single nanopore is a powerful platform to detect, discriminate and identify biomacromolecules. Among the different devices, the conical nanopores obtained by the track-etched technique on a polymer film are stable and easy to functionalize. However, these advantages are hampered by their high aspect ratio that avoids the discrimination of similar samples. Using machine learning, we demonstrate an improved resolution so that it can identify short single- and double-stranded DNA (10- and 40-mers). We have characterized each current blockade event by the relative intensity, dwell time, surface area and both the right and left slope. We show an overlap of the relative current blockade amplitudes and dwell time distributions that prevents their identification. We define the different parameters that characterize the events as features and the type of DNA sample as the target. By applying support-vector machines to discriminate each sample, we show accuracy between 50% and 72% by using two features that distinctly classify the data points. Finally, we achieved an increased accuracy (up to 82%) when five features were implemented. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Micro- and Nanopore Biosensors)
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Review

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17 pages, 2025 KiB  
Review
Nanopore Technology and Its Applications in Gene Sequencing
by Bo Lin, Jianan Hui and Hongju Mao
Biosensors 2021, 11(7), 214; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios11070214 - 30 Jun 2021
Cited by 71 | Viewed by 18839
Abstract
In recent years, nanopore technology has become increasingly important in the field of life science and biomedical research. By embedding a nano-scale hole in a thin membrane and measuring the electrochemical signal, nanopore technology can be used to investigate the nucleic acids and [...] Read more.
In recent years, nanopore technology has become increasingly important in the field of life science and biomedical research. By embedding a nano-scale hole in a thin membrane and measuring the electrochemical signal, nanopore technology can be used to investigate the nucleic acids and other biomacromolecules. One of the most successful applications of nanopore technology, the Oxford Nanopore Technology, marks the beginning of the fourth generation of gene sequencing technology. In this review, the operational principle and the technology for signal processing of the nanopore gene sequencing are documented. Moreover, this review focuses on the applications using nanopore gene sequencing technology, including the diagnosis of cancer, detection of viruses and other microbes, and the assembly of genomes. These applications show that nanopore technology is promising in the field of biological and biomedical sensing. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Micro- and Nanopore Biosensors)
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