Ultrasmall Metal Nanoclusters: Functionalization and Biomedical Applications

A special issue of Biosensors (ISSN 2079-6374).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2019) | Viewed by 6015

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Guest Editor
School of Engineering, Mawson Lakes Campus University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
Interests: metal nanoclusters; functional nanomaterials; photoluminescence; antibacterial therapy; cancer radiotherapy

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, a sub-genre of noble metal nanoparticles with core sizes of less than 2 nm, also known as nanoclusters (NCs), have attracted substantial attraction because of their unique molecular like properties such as HOMO-LUMO transition, quantized charging, chirality, and photoluminescence. These unique properties, together with their low toxicity, ultra-fine size, and good biocompatibility, have made these NCs an ideal class of functional nanomaterials for applications in the biomedical field. With the advancement of their synthesis methods, which often reached atomic levels of precision, the cluster community has also witnessed a dramatic growth of research interest in the field of optical sensors. This is mainly driven by the ease of manipulation of the properties of these metal NCs by tailoring their structure and composition either during synthesis or post synthesis. Nevertheless, the optical properties of these NCs may change upon bioconjugation or due to the environment, leading to the development of more versatile sensing platform. Various analytes that can be detected by exploring the optical properties of NCs including toxic metal ions (e.g., Hg(II), Cu(II), Pb(II), etc.) , anions (S2-, CN-, etc.), small molecules (e.g., cysteine, hydrogen peroxide, etc.), biomarkers (e.g., thyroglobulin), and so on. In view of the increasing research interest in this topic, in this Special Issue of Biosensors, we invite articles related to the synthesis, characterization, and functionalization of metal NCs for the detection of biomolecules and toxic chemicals with potential applications in diagnosis and environmental monitoring. Review articles should emphasize detection mechanisms, especially for NC-based bio-sensing applications. Original research articles and reviews with potential relevance to NC-based biomedical applications (imaging and therapy) are also welcome.

Dr. Nirmal Goswami
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Metal nanocluster
  • Gold nanocluster
  • Silver nanocluster
  • Copper nanocluster
  • Alloy nanocluster
  • Photoluminescence
  • HOMO-LUMO transition
  • Optical sensors
  • Functional nanomaterial
  • Biosensors
  • Metal ion sensing
  • FRET

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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13 pages, 2375 KiB  
Article
A Sustainable Biomineralization Approach for the Synthesis of Highly Fluorescent Ultra-Small Pt Nanoclusters
by Rajkamal Balu, Robert Knott, Christopher M. Elvin, Anita J. Hill, Namita R. Choudhury and Naba K. Dutta
Biosensors 2019, 9(4), 128; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios9040128 - 29 Oct 2019
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 5557
Abstract
Herein we report the first example of a facile biomineralization process to produce ultra-small-sized highly fluorescent aqueous dispersions of platinum noble metal quantum clusters (Pt-NMQCs) using a multi-stimulus responsive, biomimetic intrinsically disordered protein (IDP), Rec1-resilin. We demonstrate that Rec1-resilin acts concurrently as the [...] Read more.
Herein we report the first example of a facile biomineralization process to produce ultra-small-sized highly fluorescent aqueous dispersions of platinum noble metal quantum clusters (Pt-NMQCs) using a multi-stimulus responsive, biomimetic intrinsically disordered protein (IDP), Rec1-resilin. We demonstrate that Rec1-resilin acts concurrently as the host, reducing agent, and stabilizer of the blue-green fluorescent Pt-NMQCs once they are being formed. The photophysical properties, quantum yield, and fluorescence lifetime measurements of the synthesized Pt-NMQCs were examined using UV-Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy. The oxidation state of the Pt-NMQCs was quantitatively analyzed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Both a small angle X-ray scattering technique and a modeling approach have been attempted to present a detailed understanding of the structure and conformational dynamics of Rec1-resilin as an IDP during the formation of the Pt-NMQCs. It has been demonstrated that the green fluorescent Pt-NMQCs exhibit a high quantum yield of ~7.0% and a lifetime of ~9.5 ns in aqueous media. The change in photoluminescence properties due to the inter-dot interactions between proximal dots and aggregation of the Pt-NMQCs by evaporation was also measured spectroscopically and discussed. Full article
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