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Biosensors
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Optical Sensing Technology for Point-of-Care Diagnostics
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Optical Sensing Technology for Point-of-Care Diagnostics

A special issue of Biosensors (ISSN 2079-6374). This special issue belongs to the section "Optical and Photonic Biosensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 July 2024 | Viewed by 6099

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Xuegang Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Information Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
Interests: optical fiber biosensor; lab on a chip; surface plasmon resonance sensor; optical fiber interference sensor; label free biosensor
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Yanan Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Information Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
Interests: optical fiber biochemical sensors; photonic crystal sensors; VOC sensors; point-of-care sensor; intelligent fiber sensor
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The success of POC diagnostics heavily depends on the continued development of alternative medical technologies that are cost-effective, yet sensitive and sufficiently accurate.  In this quest, optical technologies play an increasingly important role, as the advances in opto-electronics, fiber optics, optical micro-systems and microfluidics have rapidly transformed the field of biomedical optics.

The field of optical sensors has undergone rapid growth in recent years, with new concepts in miniaturization, multiplex analysis, photonic structures, and optically responsive materials appearing regularly. At the same time, the fields of genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics are providing a wealth of new molecules for detection purposes.

This Special Issue will highlight research focused on the development and use of new optical sensors for medical diagnostics, biomedical research, and related endeavors. Papers that describe new optical diagnostics methods for point-of-care, field-use, and resource-limited applications are encouraged, as are those that report novel assays, multiplex testing systems, “lab-on-a-chip” sensors, and spectroscopic methods.

Dr. Xuegang Li
Prof. Dr. Yanan Zhang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biosensors is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • optical sensing
  • point-of-care diagnostics
  • integrated photonics for sensing
  • plasmonics
  • multiplex detection
  • spectroscopy
  • lab-on-a-chip devices

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 3959 KiB  
Article
A Careful Insight into DDI-Type Receptor Layers on the Way to Improvement of Click-Biology-Based Immunosensors
by Sylwia Karoń, Marcin Drozd and Elżbieta Malinowska
Biosensors 2024, 14(3), 136; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios14030136 - 06 Mar 2024
Viewed by 911
Abstract
Protein-based microarrays are important tools for high-throughput medical diagnostics, offering versatile platforms for multiplex immunodetection. However, challenges arise in protein microarrays due to the heterogeneous nature of proteins and, thus, differences in their immobilization conditions. This article advocates DNA-directed immobilization (DDI) as a [...] Read more.
Protein-based microarrays are important tools for high-throughput medical diagnostics, offering versatile platforms for multiplex immunodetection. However, challenges arise in protein microarrays due to the heterogeneous nature of proteins and, thus, differences in their immobilization conditions. This article advocates DNA-directed immobilization (DDI) as a solution, emphasizing its rapid and cost-effective fabrication of biosensing platforms. Thiolated single-stranded DNA and its analogues, such as ZNA® and PNA probes, were used to immobilize model proteins (anti-CRP antibodies and SARS-CoV nucleoprotein). The study explores factors influencing DDI-based immunosensor performance, including the purity of protein-DNA conjugates and the stability of their duplexes with DNA and analogues. It also provides insight into backfilling agent type and probe surface density. The research reveals that single-component monolayers lack protection against protein adsorption, while mixing the probes with long-chain ligands may hinder DNA-protein conjugate anchoring. Conventional DNA probes offer slightly higher surface density, while ZNA® probes exhibit better binding efficiency. Despite no enhanced stability in different ionic strength media, the cost-effectiveness of DNA probes led to their preference. The findings contribute to advancing microarray technology, paving the way for new generations of DDI-based multiplex platforms for rapid and robust diagnostics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Sensing Technology for Point-of-Care Diagnostics)
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14 pages, 2239 KiB  
Article
Detection of miR-155 Using Peptide Nucleic Acid at Physiological-like Conditions by Surface Plasmon Resonance and Bio-Field Effect Transistor
by Francesco Lavecchia di Tocco, Valentina Botti, Salvatore Cannistraro and Anna Rita Bizzarri
Biosensors 2024, 14(2), 79; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios14020079 - 01 Feb 2024
Viewed by 1321
Abstract
MicroRNAs are small ribonucleotides that act as key gene regulators. Their altered expression is often associated with the onset and progression of several human diseases, including cancer. Given their potential use as biomarkers, there is a need to find detection methods for microRNAs [...] Read more.
MicroRNAs are small ribonucleotides that act as key gene regulators. Their altered expression is often associated with the onset and progression of several human diseases, including cancer. Given their potential use as biomarkers, there is a need to find detection methods for microRNAs suitable for use in clinical setting. Field-effect-transistor-based biosensors (bioFETs) appear to be valid tools to detect microRNAs, since they may reliably quantitate the specific binding between the immobilized probe and free target in solution through an easily detectable electrical signal. We have investigated the detection of human microRNA 155 (miR-155) using an innovative capturing probe constituted by a synthetic peptide nucleic acid (PNA), which has the advantage to form a duplex even at ionic strengths approaching the physiological conditions. With the aim to develop an optimized BioFET setup, the interaction kinetics between miR-155 and the chosen PNA was preliminarily investigated by using surface plasmon resonance (SPR). By exploiting both these results and our custom-made bioFET system, we were able to attain a low-cost, real-time, label-free and highly specific detection of miR-155 in the nano-molar range. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Sensing Technology for Point-of-Care Diagnostics)
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16 pages, 2074 KiB  
Article
Surface Functionalised Optical Fibre for Detection of Hydrogen Sulphide
by Shaghayegh Baghapour, Jasmine Nehema, Wen Qi Zhang, Stephen C. Warren-Smith, Shane M. Hickey, Sally E. Plush and Shahraam Afshar Vahid
Biosensors 2023, 13(11), 949; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13110949 - 24 Oct 2023
Viewed by 1236
Abstract
Dysregulated production of hydrogen sulphide in the human body has been associated with various diseases including cancer, underlining the importance of accurate detection of this molecule. Here, we report the detection of hydrogen sulphide using fluorescence-emission enhancement of two 1,8-naphthalimide fluorescent probes with [...] Read more.
Dysregulated production of hydrogen sulphide in the human body has been associated with various diseases including cancer, underlining the importance of accurate detection of this molecule. Here, we report the detection of hydrogen sulphide using fluorescence-emission enhancement of two 1,8-naphthalimide fluorescent probes with an azide moiety in position 4. One probe, serving as a control, featured a methoxyethyl moiety through the imide to evaluate its effectiveness for hydrogen sulphide detection, while the other probe was modified with (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) to enable direct covalent attachment to an optical fibre tip. We coated the optical fibre tip relatively homogeneously with the APTES-azide fluorophore, as confirmed via x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The absorption and fluorescence responses of the control fluorophore free in PBS were analysed using UV-Vis and fluorescence spectrophotometry, while the fluorescence emission of the APTES-azide fluorophore-coated optical fibres was examined using a simple, low-cost optical fibre-based setup. Both fluorescent probes exhibited a significant increase (more than double the initial value) in fluorescence emission upon the addition of HS− when excited with 405 nm. However, the fluorescence enhancement of the coated optical fibres demonstrated a much faster response time of 2 min (time for the fluorescence intensity to reach 90% of its maximum value) compared to the control fluorophore in solution (30 min). Additionally, the temporal evolution of fluorescence intensity of the fluorophore coated on the optical fibre was studied at two pH values (7.4 and 6.4), demonstrating a reasonable overlap and confirming the compound pH insensitivity within this range. The promising results from this study indicate the potential for developing an optical fibre-based sensing system for HS− detection using the synthesised fluorophore, which could have significant applications in health monitoring and disease detection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Sensing Technology for Point-of-Care Diagnostics)
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12 pages, 1976 KiB  
Article
Ultrasensitive and Rapid Visual Detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 Based on RAA-CRISPR/Cas12a System
by Lishan Zhu, Zhenda Liang, Yongtao Xu, Zhiquan Chen, Jiasi Wang and Li Zhou
Biosensors 2023, 13(6), 659; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13060659 - 16 Jun 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2015
Abstract
Escherichia coli (E. coli) O157:H7 is a major foodborne and waterborne pathogen that can threaten human health. Due to its high toxicity at low concentrations, it is crucial to establish a time-saving and highly sensitive in situ detection method. Herein, we [...] Read more.
Escherichia coli (E. coli) O157:H7 is a major foodborne and waterborne pathogen that can threaten human health. Due to its high toxicity at low concentrations, it is crucial to establish a time-saving and highly sensitive in situ detection method. Herein, we developed a rapid, ultrasensitive, and visualized method for detecting E. coli O157:H7 based on a combination of Recombinase-Aided Amplification (RAA) and CRISPR/Cas12a technology. The CRISPR/Cas12a-based system was pre-amplified using the RAA method, which showed high sensitivity and enabled detecting as low as ~1 CFU/mL (fluorescence method) and 1 × 102 CFU/mL (lateral flow assay) of E. coli O157:H7, which was much lower than the detection limit of the traditional real-time PCR technology (103 CFU/mL) and ELISA (104~107 CFU/mL). In addition, we demonstrated that this method still has good applicability in practical samples by simulating the detection in real milk and drinking water samples. Importantly, our RAA-CRISPR/Cas12a detection system could complete the overall process (including extraction, amplification, and detection) within 55 min under optimized conditions, which is faster than most other reported sensors, which take several hours to several days. The signal readout could also be visualized by fluorescence generated with a handheld UV lamp or a naked-eye-detected lateral flow assay depending on the DNA reporters used. Because of the advantages of being fast, having high sensitivity, and not requiring sophisticated equipment, this method has a promising application prospect for in situ detection of trace amounts of pathogens. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Sensing Technology for Point-of-Care Diagnostics)
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