Biomedical Applications of Smart Sensors

A special issue of Biosensors (ISSN 2079-6374). This special issue belongs to the section "Biosensors and Healthcare".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 June 2026 | Viewed by 3613

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
Interests: biomedical smart sensing research for advanced healthcare purpose; early diagnosis

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
Interests: biomedical engineering; biosensors; microfluidic paper-based biochips; flexible wearables; 3D printing; in vitro point-of-care diagnostics; intelligent nanoparticles and medical devices
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Biomedical research assists in the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases. Along with the improved treatment of existing health conditions, biomedical applications are used to add prognostic and prophylactic measures and discover new therapies using innovative medical devices. Precise surface functionalization is a foundation for the groundbreaking biomedical discovery using a diverse range of chemically synthesized nanomaterials and bio-nanomaterials, including the use of aptamers, antibodies, tumoral biomarkers, carbohydrates, ssDNA, siRNA, and peptides on smart sensors, culminating in advanced biomedical devices. The biosensing technology also includes nanomaterials-based (0D, 1D, 2D, and 3D nanomaterials; synthetic polymers; dendrimers; liposomes; micelles; PEGs; fluorescent dyes; and drugs), paper-based (lateral flow assay, hybrid electrochemical/lateral flow assay, and optical readout), microfluidics-based, printing technology-based (inkjet printing, screen printing, graphene transfer electrodes, field-effect transistor-based biosensors, and electrochemical readouts), and fully integrated point-of-care devices (smartphone-based, wearables, and wireless readouts) for the biomedical diagnosis, which are essential for wellness measurement in healthcare applications.

Currently, non-invasive or minimally invasive point-of-care biomedical smart sensing devices are trending for advancement in biomedical smart sensing. The next-generation molecular digital biomarkers derived from body fluids can be collected noninvasively or minimally invasively and analyzed independently in specialized laboratories or at home. The significant advantage of these innovative biomedical sensing devices is their ability to generate continuous or non-continuous molecular information about health and disease as per the needs of the patients. The words "continuous" and "early detection" have lately gained popularity as digital health tools have become more widely available. The Internet of Things (IoT) provides an additional supportive platform to add home-based, remote diagnosis; long-distance, easily accessible, rapid yet simplified healthcare features to biomedical smart sensing medical devices. IoT enhances connectivity between a medical practitioner and their patient.

We invite research on recent advancements in non-invasive or minimally invasive biomedical smart sensing point-of-care devices. They are trending for advancement in biomedical smart sensing, involving advanced materials for biocompatibility applications and innovative biomedical devices. Potential topics include, but are not limited to, biomedical smart sensors, drug delivery and dosage control smart sensors, stretchable/non-stretchable smart biosensors, functionalized smart sensors, paper-based and/or printing technology-based smart sensors, and fully integrated point-of-care devices for biomedical applications.

Through the publication of research, reviews, and perspective articles covering a broad spectrum of topics, this Special Issue aims to offer a comprehensive standpoint on "Biomedical Applications of Smart Sensors", covering a wide range of healthcare applications. We aim to facilitate collaboration and knowledge exchange among esteemed international researchers from academia and industry alike. Experts from all disciplines are encouraged to contribute, advancing our collective understanding of biomedical engineering. All manuscripts will be peer-reviewed based on full-length requirements, and the acceptance will be based on quality, originality, and relevance to MDPI Biosensors.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Sumedha Nitin Prabhu
Prof. Dr. Guozhen Liu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biosensors is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • biomedical smart sensors
  • prognostic
  • prophylactic
  • point-of-care

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 5864 KB  
Article
Pigment-Resistant, Portable Corneal Fluorescence Device for Non-Invasive AGEs Monitoring in Diabetes
by Jianming Zhu, Qirui Yang, Jinghui Lu, Ziming Wang, Rizhen Xie, Haoshan Liang, Lihong Xie, Shengjie Zhang, Zhencheng Chen and Baoli Heng
Biosensors 2026, 16(2), 87; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios16020087 - 30 Jan 2026
Viewed by 504
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are important biomarkers associated with diabetes and metabolic disorders; yet existing detection methods are invasive and unsuitable for frequent monitoring. This study aimed to develop a non-invasive and portable AGEs detection device, optimize strategies for mitigating pigmentation-related interference, [...] Read more.
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are important biomarkers associated with diabetes and metabolic disorders; yet existing detection methods are invasive and unsuitable for frequent monitoring. This study aimed to develop a non-invasive and portable AGEs detection device, optimize strategies for mitigating pigmentation-related interference, and evaluate its feasibility for metabolic assessment. The proposed system employs a 365 nm ultraviolet LED excitation source, an optical filter assembly integrated into an ergonomic dark chamber, and an eyelid-signal-based algorithm to suppress ambient light and skin pigmentation interference. Simulation experiments were conducted to evaluate the influence of different pigment colors and skin tones on fluorescence measurements. A clinical study was performed in 200 participants, among whom 42 underwent concurrent serum AGEs measurement as the reference standard. Predictive models combining corneal fluorescence signals and body mass index (BMI) were constructed and evaluated. The results indicated that purple and blue pigments introduced greater interference, whereas green and pink pigments had minimal effects. Device-derived AGEs estimates demonstrated good agreement with serum AGEs, with a mean error below 8%. A hybrid model incorporating BMI achieved improved predictive accuracy compared with single-parameter models. Participants with high-AGE dietary habits exhibited elevated fluorescence signals and BMI. These findings suggest that the proposed device enables stable and accurate non-invasive AGEs assessment, with potential utility for metabolic monitoring. Incorporating lifestyle-related parameters may further enhance predictive performance and expand clinical applicability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomedical Applications of Smart Sensors)
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14 pages, 1362 KB  
Article
Integrated Colorimetric CRISPR/Cas12a Detection of Double-Stranded DNA on Microfluidic Paper-Based Analytical Devices
by Zhiheng Zhang, Qiyu Fu, Tiantai Wen, Youmin Zheng, Yincong Ma, Shixian Liu and Guozhen Liu
Biosensors 2026, 16(1), 32; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios16010032 - 1 Jan 2026
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1387
Abstract
Early detection of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV), particularly HPV16 E7, is critical for cervical cancer prevention. Here, we report a novel, portable, and instrument-free biosensing platform that integrates recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) with CRISPR/Cas12a-mediated detection on a microfluidic paper-based analytical device (μPAD) for [...] Read more.
Early detection of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV), particularly HPV16 E7, is critical for cervical cancer prevention. Here, we report a novel, portable, and instrument-free biosensing platform that integrates recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) with CRISPR/Cas12a-mediated detection on a microfluidic paper-based analytical device (μPAD) for colorimetric, visual readout of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA). The μPAD features seven functional zones, including lyophilized RPA and CRISPR reagents, and immobilized streptavidin and anti-FAM antibodies for signal generation. Upon target recognition, Cas12a’s trans-cleavage activity releases biotinylated-FAM-labeled reporters that form a sandwich complex with gold nanoparticle (AuNP)-conjugated anti-FAM antibodies, producing a visible red signal at the test zone. The gray value of the colorimetric signal correlates linearly with target concentration, enabling the quantitative detection of HPV16 E7 dsDNA down to 100 pM within 60 min. The assay demonstrated high accuracy and reproducibility in spiked samples. By combining isothermal amplification, CRISPR specificity, and paper-based microfluidics, this platform offers a rapid, low-cost, and user-friendly solution for point-of-care HPV screening in resource-limited settings. This work advances the integration of CRISPR diagnostics with μPAD, paving the way for scalable point-of-care molecular diagnostics beyond HPV. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomedical Applications of Smart Sensors)
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Review

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44 pages, 3667 KB  
Review
Engineered Protein Modification: A New Paradigm for Enhancing Biosensing Sensitivity and Diagnostic Accuracy
by Zheng Xu, Chu Wang, Ziting Zhang, Heng Wang, Peiyi Gao and Lixing Weng
Biosensors 2026, 16(1), 21; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios16010021 - 26 Dec 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1229
Abstract
Protein modifications, particularly post-translational modifications (PTMs) such as phosphorylation and glycosylation, are fundamental mechanisms regulating cellular activity and disease pathogenesis, with their detection emerging as a promising frontier for advanced diagnostics. This review systematically examines the integration of engineered protein modifications with biosensing [...] Read more.
Protein modifications, particularly post-translational modifications (PTMs) such as phosphorylation and glycosylation, are fundamental mechanisms regulating cellular activity and disease pathogenesis, with their detection emerging as a promising frontier for advanced diagnostics. This review systematically examines the integration of engineered protein modifications with biosensing technologies to enhance analytical performance and diagnostic accuracy. Through critical analysis of current methodologies, we highlight how strategic manipulation of PTMs improves biosensor sensitivity and specificity in applications ranging from early disease detection to environmental monitoring. The analysis identifies significant advancements in detection platforms while acknowledging persistent challenges in real-world integration and standardization. We conclude that optimizing protein modification-based sensing strategies represents a crucial pathway for developing robust, clinically translatable diagnostic tools, and propose focused research directions to address existing technical barriers and accelerate practical implementation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomedical Applications of Smart Sensors)
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