Non-coding RNAs in Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy
A special issue of Biomolecules (ISSN 2218-273X). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Medicine".
Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2023) | Viewed by 8553
Special Issue Editor
Interests: molecular and cell immunology; non-coding RNA; extracellular vesicles; tumor microenvironment
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Special Issue Information
Dear Colleagues,
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are RNA molecules that do not encode proteins and transcribed from the non-exonic DNA sequences that account for up to 97% of the human genome. Based on their length (200-ribonucleotide cut-off), ncRNAs can be categorized into two major groups: small ncRNAs and long ncRNAs (lncRNAs). The group of small ncRNAs includes microRNAs (miRNAs), small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs), small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs), and P-element-induced wimpy testis (piwi)-interacting RNAs (piwiRNAs). The group of lncRNAs includes RNA molecules with more heterogeneous sizes, ranging from 200 to tens of thousands of ribonucleotides. To date, miRNAs and lncRNAs are the most extensively studied classes of ncRNAs, as they play an important role in the regulation of biological processes of cells. Aberrant expression of miRNAs and lncRNAs is often observed in cancer and they play a relevant role in the development and progression of cancer. The past decade witnessed an increasing interest in the study of miRNAs and lncRNAs as potential tumor biomarkers to predict clinical outcome and response to therapy and as potential targets for the development of RNA-based therapeutics. In particular, due to their stability in the blood (encapsulation inside macrovesicles and associated with proteins in RNA–protein complexes or high-density lipoproteins (HDLs)), particular effort has been made to develop tumor biomarkers using liquid biopsies. Furthermore, the use of RNA-based molecules may represent an important therapeutic strategy to target cancer pathways that are undruggable by standard therapies.
The aim of this Special Issue of Biomolecules is to present a collection of articles describing recent advancements in the use of ncRNAs in cancer diagnosis and therapy.
Dr. Simone Anfossi
Guest Editor
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Keywords
- non-coding RNA
- tumor biomarkers
- liquid biopsis
- therapeutic RNA-based molecules
