Biomarkers in Metabolic Diseases, 2nd Edition

A special issue of Biomolecules (ISSN 2218-273X). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Biomarkers".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2026) | Viewed by 4730

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Pediatrics, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Al. Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland
Interests: inborn errors of metabolism (IEM); lysosomal storage disorders (LSD)
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Guest Editor
1. Institute of Clinical Sciences, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Medical Academy, Warsaw, Poland
2. Department of Pediatrics, Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
Interests: inborn errors of metabolism (IEM); lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs); congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG); liver monogenic diseases; next-generation sequencing (NGS); autism spectrum disorders
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Biomarkers are broadly defined as biological indicators, the study of which allows for the qualitative and quantitative assessment of various characteristics and biological states. In congenital metabolic diseases, biomarkers represent a useful biochemical tool for precise and relatively straightforward diagnosis to determine the probability of disease occurrence and its progression, as well as assess the efficacy of therapy. Biomarkers can be measured using a variety of techniques in biochemistry, genetics, proteomics, and imaging. In this way, they are an invaluable and dynamically developing source of biomedical knowledge. Of particular importance are the quantitative biomarkers that correlate with clinical manifestations enabling the determination of risk complications or survival (surrogate biomarkers). Surrogate biomarkers also play a key role in the drug licensing process and in monitoring the effects of therapy on rare diseases, i.e., genetically determined metabolic diseases.

The small number of patients and the clinical heterogeneity of the underlying pathology require reliable, adequate, and objective parameters, which are particularly important in progressive diseases such as metabolic disorders. Pure clinical studies are outside the scopes of the Special Issue. The scope is mainly focused on basic science, in vitro, in vivo, and preclinical research, while purely clinical studies are usually not processed.

Our Special Issue aims to share new knowledge in the use and study of biomarkers in diagnosing and monitoring congenital metabolic diseases.

Prof. Dr. Anna Tylki-Szymańska
Dr. Patryk Lipiński
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • metabolic disorders
  • inborn errors of metabolism
  • surrogate biomarkers
  • biochemical markers
  • diagnostic markers
  • newborn screening
  • molecular analyses
  • metabolomics
  • disease progression
  • treatment efficacy

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 1829 KB  
Article
Plasma Mucin-1 as a Potential Biomarker for Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy in Type 2 Diabetes
by Jae-Hyung Park, Thi Nhi Nguyen, Hye Min Shim, Gyeong Im Yu, Junho Kang, Eun Yeong Ha and Hochan Cho
Biomolecules 2026, 16(1), 128; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom16010128 - 12 Jan 2026
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Abstract
Background: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a major complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) that reduces quality of life and increases the risk of foot ulcers and amputations. Early detection is essential, and blood-based biomarkers may support improved screening and timely intervention. [...] Read more.
Background: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a major complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) that reduces quality of life and increases the risk of foot ulcers and amputations. Early detection is essential, and blood-based biomarkers may support improved screening and timely intervention. This study aimed to identify novel circulating biomarkers for the identification of DPN in patients with T2D. Methods: In the screening phase, plasma samples from 43 participants (10 healthy volunteers [HV], 20 T2D without complications, and 13 T2D with DPN) were analyzed using an antibody array targeting 310 proteins. Thirteen differentially expressed proteins were identified, and six hub proteins were selected through bioinformatic analysis. In the validation phase, plasma concentrations of the six proteins were measured by ELISA in 252 subjects (100 HV, 97 T2D without complications, and 55 T2D with DPN). Mucin-1 expression in sciatic nerves was further evaluated in db/db mice. Results: Of the six hub proteins (TGFB1, MUC1, PF4, IL2RA, SELL, B2M), only mucin-1 showed a significant increase in the DPN group. Plasma mucin-1 positively correlated with MNSI scores and negatively with motor and sensory nerve conduction velocities. In db/db mice, sciatic nerve mucin-1 expression was elevated, while CD31 expression was reduced. Conclusions: Plasma mucin-1 is strongly associated with DPN in both humans and animals and may serve as a promising biomarker for the screening and early identification of DPN. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomarkers in Metabolic Diseases, 2nd Edition)
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10 pages, 1519 KB  
Communication
Long- and Short-Term Glucosphingosine (lyso-Gb1) Dynamics in Gaucher Patients Undergoing Enzyme Replacement Therapy
by Pawel Dubiela, Paulina Szymanska-Rozek, Piotr Hasinski, Patryk Lipinski, Grazina Kleinotiene, Dorota Giersz and Anna Tylki-Szymanska
Biomolecules 2024, 14(7), 842; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom14070842 - 12 Jul 2024
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Abstract
Background: Gaucher disease (GD) is a lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the GBA1 gene, leading to β-glucocerebrosidase deficiency and glucosylceramide accumulation. Methods: We analyzed short- and long-term dynamics of lyso-glucosylceramide (lyso-Gb1) in a large cohort of GD patients undergoing [...] Read more.
Background: Gaucher disease (GD) is a lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the GBA1 gene, leading to β-glucocerebrosidase deficiency and glucosylceramide accumulation. Methods: We analyzed short- and long-term dynamics of lyso-glucosylceramide (lyso-Gb1) in a large cohort of GD patients undergoing enzyme replacement therapy (ERT). Results: Eight-years analysis of lyso-Gb1 revealed statistically insignificant variability in the biomarker across the years and relatively high individual variability in patients’ results. GD type 1 (GD1) patients exhibited higher variability compared to GD type 3 (GD3) patients (coefficients of variation: 34% and 23%, respectively; p-value = 0.0003). We also investigated the short-term response of the biomarker to enzyme replacement therapy (ERT), measuring lyso-Gb1 right before and 30 min after treatment administration. We tested 20 GD patients (16 GD1, 4 GD3) and observed a rapid and significant reduction in lyso-Gb1 levels (average decrease of 17%; p-value < 0.0001). This immediate response reaffirms the efficacy of ERT in reducing substrate accumulation in GD patients but, on the other hand, suggests the biomarker’s instability between the infusions. Conclusions: These findings underscore lyso-Gb1’s potential as a reliable biomarker for monitoring efficacy of treatment. However, individual variability and dry blood spot (DBS) testing limitations urge a further refinement in clinical application. Our study contributes valuable insights into GD patient management, emphasizing the evolving role of biomarkers in personalized medicine. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomarkers in Metabolic Diseases, 2nd Edition)
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Review

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17 pages, 2485 KB  
Review
Exploring the Endocannabinoid System’s Influence on Mammary Tissue and Breast Milk Inflammation in Maternal Chronic Obesity
by Sebastián Elgueta, Natalia Sánchez, Pascuala Valdivia and Susana Contreras-Duarte
Biomolecules 2026, 16(2), 201; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom16020201 - 28 Jan 2026
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Abstract
Approximately 40% of women start pregnancy with overweight or obesity, and around 70% retain weight in the postpartum period (PP). Obesity is related to low-grade systemic inflammation, primarily driven by the secretome of white adipose tissue (WAT), which includes dysfunctional adipocytes and immune [...] Read more.
Approximately 40% of women start pregnancy with overweight or obesity, and around 70% retain weight in the postpartum period (PP). Obesity is related to low-grade systemic inflammation, primarily driven by the secretome of white adipose tissue (WAT), which includes dysfunctional adipocytes and immune cells that infiltrate WAT, releasing pro-inflammatory signals into the circulation. In women with obesity, the mammary gland undergoes structural and endocrine changes, such as reduced prolactin secretion, fewer mammary gland branches, and a higher abundance of adipocytes in mammary fat pad, which have not been studied under this condition. Maternal obesity during lactation also alters the composition of breast milk, promoting pro-inflammatory characteristics. The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is hyperactive in obesity, contributing to metabolic inflammation. Its primary receptors, cannabinoids 1 and 2, are expressed in the mammary gland and implicated in inflammation and weight gain. Endocannabinoids (ECs), the main ECS ligands, are typically not released into the bloodstream; however, their increased levels in obesity suggest upregulation in peripheral tissues. ECs are also present in breast milk, where their higher concentrations in women with obesity may influence infant food intake. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomarkers in Metabolic Diseases, 2nd Edition)
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