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Biomolecules
Special Issues
Recent Trends in Dental Materials
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Recent Trends in Dental Materials

A special issue of Biomolecules (ISSN 2218-273X). This special issue belongs to the section "Biological and Bio- Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 March 2023) | Viewed by 4638

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Susi Zara

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pharmacy, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
Interests: angiogenesis; chitlac thermosets; dental pulp stem cells; endothelial cells; osteogenesis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Dental problems such as caries, periodontitis, tooth loss and many others affect millions of people worldwide negatively impacting on individuals life quality. Over the last few decades, a plethora of extremely different dental materials have been synthetized, functionalized and tested as it has been proved that their use has become a valid strategy to definitively solve severe dental problems. However, nowadays, dental materials are often required to possess increased safety, functionality and also aesthetic characteristics to meet basal and specific demands of patients. Thus, the development of high-performance materials definitely represents an ongoing challenge among scientists and researchers.  

This Special Issue aims at stimulating the scientific community at large in spreading the knowledge regarding the fine-tuning of new dental materials and/or the improvement of already existing dental materials in order to ameliorate their performances and their functionality in in vitro, in vivo and clinical models, also focusing on the biological aspects and on the molecular pathways underling the material grafting.

Dr. Susi Zara
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomolecules is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • biocompatibility
  • regenerative medicine
  • inflammation
  • osteointegration
  • angiogenesis
  • biomaterials functionalization
  • extracellular matrix remodeling
  • 3D printing
  • implants
  • membranes
  • granules
  • gels
  • scaffolds

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 1174 KiB  
Article
Biological Evaluation of the Osteoinductive Potential of Dry Teeth after Chemical Demineralization Treatment Using the Tooth Transformer Device
by Sara Franceschelli, Rosalba Lagioia, Federica De Cecco, Elio Minetti, Andrea Ballini, Valeria Panella, Lorenza Speranza, Alfredo Grilli and Filiberto Mastrangelo
Biomolecules 2023, 13(12), 1727; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom13121727 - 30 Nov 2023
Viewed by 726
Abstract
Several studies have already demonstrated the biocompatibility of a tooth as a grafting material in the regeneration of bone tissue, showing its osteoconductive potential, while no studies have verified whether the osteoinductive potential of a tooth remains constant or is altered after its [...] Read more.
Several studies have already demonstrated the biocompatibility of a tooth as a grafting material in the regeneration of bone tissue, showing its osteoconductive potential, while no studies have verified whether the osteoinductive potential of a tooth remains constant or is altered after its treatment with the Tooth Transformer (TT) device. The aim of the study was to demonstrate that the treatment with the TT device did not alter the osteoinductivity of an extracted tooth that was stored dry. Twelve extracted human teeth were collected from real patients. Caries, tartar and filling materials were removed from each tooth; each tooth was coarsely cut and stored at room temperature (RT) until use. Each sample was shredded, demineralized and disinfected, using the TT device. Protein extraction was carried out for each sample, and Western Blot analysis was performed to test the presence of mineralization protein LIM-1 and transforming growth factor-β. The presence of the human Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 (BMP-2) and human collagen Type I (COL-I) was found in dry tooth samples processed with the TT device and subjected to Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) testing. The treatment of chemical demineralization using the TT device does not alter the osteoinductive potential of a dry tooth. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Trends in Dental Materials)
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16 pages, 3050 KiB  
Article
Antimicrobial and Osteogenic Effects of Collagen Membrane Decorated with Chitosan–Nano-Hydroxyapatite
by Milos Lazarevic, Sanja Petrovic, Tania Vanessa Pierfelice, Nenad Ignjatovic, Adriano Piattelli, Tamara Vlajic Tovilovic and Milena Radunovic
Biomolecules 2023, 13(4), 579; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom13040579 - 23 Mar 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1903
Abstract
Collagen membranes are routinely used in oral surgery for bone regeneration. Despite their numerous advantages, such as stimulating bone growth, bacterial contamination still remains one of the disadvantages of membrane use. Thus, we assessed the biocompatibility and osteogenic and antibacterial properties of a [...] Read more.
Collagen membranes are routinely used in oral surgery for bone regeneration. Despite their numerous advantages, such as stimulating bone growth, bacterial contamination still remains one of the disadvantages of membrane use. Thus, we assessed the biocompatibility and osteogenic and antibacterial properties of a collagen membrane (OsteoBiol) modified with chitosan (CHI) and hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HApNPs). Attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR FT-IR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) were performed for membrane characterization. Biocompatibility was assessed on dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) by an MTT assay, while the osteogenic effect was assessed by an ALP activity assay and qPCR analysis of osteogenic markers (BMP4, ALP, RUNX2, and OCN). Antimicrobial properties were investigated by counting colony-forming units (CFUs) of Streptococcus mitis, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Fusobaterium nucleatum on membranes and in the surrounding medium. Membranes showed no cytotoxicity. ALP activity was higher and ALP, BMP4, and OCN genes were up-regulated in DPSCs on modified membranes compared to unmodified membranes. The CFUs were reduced on modified membranes and in the medium. Modified membranes showed great biocompatibility and a high osteoinductive effect. Additionally, they showed antimicrobial and antibiofilm effects against periopathogens. It can be concluded that the incorporation of CHI and hydroxyapatite nanoparticles in collagen membranes may be advantageous to promote osteogenesis and reduce bacterial adhesion. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Trends in Dental Materials)
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10 pages, 582 KiB  
Article
Screening of Hydroxyapatite Biomaterials for Alveolar Augmentation Using a Rat Calvaria Critical-Size Defect Model: Bone Formation/Maturation and Biomaterials Resolution
by Cristiano Susin, Jaebum Lee, Tiago Fiorini, Ki-Tae Koo, Peter Schüpbach, Amanda Finger Stadler and Ulf ME Wikesjö
Biomolecules 2022, 12(11), 1677; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom12111677 - 12 Nov 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1544
Abstract
Background: Natural (bovine-/equine-/porcine-derived) or synthetic hydroxyapatite (HA) biomaterials appear to be the preferred technologies among clinicians for bone augmentation procedures in preparation for implant dentistry. The aim of this study was to screen candidate HA biomaterials intended for alveolar ridge augmentation relative to [...] Read more.
Background: Natural (bovine-/equine-/porcine-derived) or synthetic hydroxyapatite (HA) biomaterials appear to be the preferred technologies among clinicians for bone augmentation procedures in preparation for implant dentistry. The aim of this study was to screen candidate HA biomaterials intended for alveolar ridge augmentation relative to their potential to support local bone formation/maturation and to assess biomaterial resorption using a routine critical-size rat calvaria defect model. Methods: Eighty adult male Sprague Dawley outbred rats obtained from a approved-breeder, randomized into groups of ten, were used. The calvaria defects (ø8 mm) either received sham surgery (empty control), Bio-Oss (bovine HA/reference control), or candidate biomaterials including bovine HA (Cerabone, DirectOss, 403Z013), and bovine (403Z014) or synthetic HA/ß-TCP (Reprobone, Ceraball) constructs. An 8 wk healing interval was used to capture the biomaterials’ resolution. Results: All biomaterials displayed biocompatibility. Strict HA biomaterials showed limited, if any, signs of biodegradation/resorption, with the biomaterial area fraction ranging from 22% to 42%. Synthetic HA/ß-TCP constructs showed limited evidence of biodegradation/erosion (biomaterial area fraction ≈30%). Mean linear defect closure in the sham-surgery control approximated 40%. Mean linear defect closure for the Bio-Oss reference control approximated 18% compared with 15–35% for the candidate biomaterials without significant differences between the controls and candidate biomaterials. Conclusions: None of the candidate HA biomaterials supported local bone formation/maturation beyond the native regenerative potential of this rodent model, pointing to their limitations for regenerative procedures. Biocompatibility and biomaterial dimensional stability could suggest their potential utility as long-term defect fillers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Trends in Dental Materials)
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