Recent Advances in Molecular Allergology

A special issue of Biology (ISSN 2079-7737). This special issue belongs to the section "Immunology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 October 2024 | Viewed by 2359

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
The Molecular Biotechnology Section, FH Campus Wien, University of Applied Sciences, 1100 Vienna, Austria
Interests: type I allergy; cell biology; molecular allergology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Progress in molecular biology over the last decades enabled the identification and characterization of the allergenic molecules of the most important allergen sources. The availability of natural or recombinant single allergens is the basis for component-resolved diagnosis, which enables a better understanding of the sensitization patterns of allergic individuals. Especially in the case of cross-reactive allergens, knowledge of the primary source of sensitization is necessary to offer patients targeted therapy. Currently, allergen immunotherapy (AIT) is the only curative treatment for IgE-mediated allergies. If used at an early stage of the disease, it can significantly improve disease progression. However, the risk of adverse reactions is a concern of AIT. To avoid undesirable side effects that lead to treatment discontinuation, one possibility is to use allergen derivatives for AIT that have reduced IgE-binding capacity, but preserved T-cell epitopes to elicit an immune response. This requires that the allergens are known and the IgE-binding as well as T-cell epitopes are characterized.

The aim of this Special Issue is to bring together the latest experimental and theoretical results from experts who are identifying or characterizing allergens, or modifying them so that they can be potential candidates for use in AIT. This Special Issue will include original research articles and state-of-the-art reviews discussing recent advances in both basic and animal model research.

Dr. Marianne Raith
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • allergen identification
  • allergen characterization
  • cross-reactive allergens
  • allergen immunotherapy
  • IgE-binding epitopes
  • T-cell epitopes
  • allergen modification

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

16 pages, 1738 KiB  
Article
Comparison of Antibody Responses against Two Molecules from Ascaris lumbricoides: The Allergen Asc l 5 and the Immunomodulatory Protein Al-CPI
by Velky Ahumada, Josefina Zakzuk, Lorenz Aglas, Sandra Coronado, Peter Briza, Ronald Regino, Fátima Ferreira and Luis Caraballo
Biology 2023, 12(10), 1340; https://doi.org/10.3390/biology12101340 - 16 Oct 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1880
Abstract
Immunity to Ascaris lumbricoides influences the pathogenesis of allergic diseases. Antibody responses to its proteins have been found to be associated with asthma presentation; however, helminth products that induce immunosuppression have been reported, which also raise specific antibodies. We aimed to evaluate antibody [...] Read more.
Immunity to Ascaris lumbricoides influences the pathogenesis of allergic diseases. Antibody responses to its proteins have been found to be associated with asthma presentation; however, helminth products that induce immunosuppression have been reported, which also raise specific antibodies. We aimed to evaluate antibody responses (IgE, IgG4 and IgG) to two A. lumbricoides molecules, Asc l 5 and Al-CPI (an anti-inflammatory Cysteine Protease Inhibitor), in an endemic population, exploring their relationships with the infection and asthma. The two molecules were produced as recombinant proteins in E. coli expression systems. Specific antibodies were detected by ELISA. Lower human IgE, but higher IgG4 and IgG antibody levels were observed for Al-CPI than for rAsc l 5. The IgE/IgG4 isotype ratio was significantly higher for Asc l 5 than for Al-CPI. In humans Al-CPI did not induce basophil activation as has been previously described for Asc l 5. In mice, Al-CPI induced fewer IgE responses, but more IgG2a antibody titers than rAsc l 5. Our results suggest that these molecules elicit different patterns of immune response to A. lumbricoides. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Molecular Allergology)
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