Coping with Temperature Increase Induced by Climate Warming: Trends in Ectothermic Species—2nd Edition

A special issue of Biology (ISSN 2079-7737).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 May 2026 | Viewed by 339

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Institute of Plant Protection, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Gregor-Mendel-Straße 33, 1180 Vienna, Austria
Interests: biological control of pest species; acarology; arthropod ecology and behavior; climate change and pest control
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Ectothermic species constitute the vast majority of global biodiversity, but they are likely to be vulnerable to temperature increases caused by climate warming because of their limited thermoregulation abilities. Increased mean temperatures mean more mild winter periods, elongated vegetation periods, and more frequent heat waves and dry periods for ectotherms, which may respond through acclimation, adaptation, dispersal, and behavioral plasticity to cope with climate warming. The aim of this Special Issue is to complement our knowledge and deepen our understanding of the responses of ectotherms to thermal shifts caused by climate warming. Documenting shifts in phenology, behavior, life history traits, and their consequences at the population level will be critical for understanding how ectotherms will adapt, or not, to temperature increase.

Temperatures have increased in the last few decades due to climate warming at a global scale, which has resulted in milder winter periods, elongated vegetation periods, and more frequent extreme weather events such as heat waves and dry periods. Continuing climate warming poses a great challenge for ectotherms with their restricted thermoregulation because their vital functions are strongly dependent on ambient temperature conditions. In fact, the impact of ongoing temperature increase is likely to impact on all levels of the biological organization of ectotherms, from the genome, biochemical and physiological functions, organism performance, and species interactions to the maintenance of ecosystem services and biodiversity. Ectotherms may respond to changing thermal conditions via acclimation, adaptation, dispersal, and behavioral plasticity, which can mitigate the adverse impacts of climate warming. Such thermally induced changes in ectotherms may avoid demographic reductions or even extinction. These adaptations can result in modifications of vital processes such as survival, growth, development, mating, reproduction, and locomotion, and their consequences may also affect ectotherms at population and community levels.

The goal of this Special Issue is to complement our knowledge and deepen our understanding of the responses of ectotherms to thermal shifts caused by climate warming. Documenting shifts in phenology, behavior, life history traits, and their consequences at the population level will be critical for understanding how ectotherms will adapt, or not, to temperature increase.

This Special Issue will include reviews and research articles focusing on the topic “Coping with Temperature Increase Induced by Climate Warming: Trends in Ectothermic Species”. Please send the abstract of your paper prior to submission to ensure that your work falls within the scope of this Special Issue. I look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Andreas Walzer
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • biodiversity
  • climate warming
  • ectothermic species
  • geographic ranges
  • heat waves
  • evolutionary adaptations
  • phenotypic plasticity
  • species interactions
  • thermal acclimation

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

16 pages, 1285 KiB  
Article
The Physiological Cost of Being Hot: High Thermal Stress and Disturbance Decrease Energy Reserves in Dragonflies in the Wild
by Eduardo Ulises Castillo-Pérez, Angélica S. Ensaldo-Cárdenas, Catalina M. Suárez-Tovar, José D. Rivera-Duarte, Daniel González-Tokman and Alex Córdoba-Aguilar
Biology 2025, 14(8), 956; https://doi.org/10.3390/biology14080956 - 29 Jul 2025
Viewed by 237
Abstract
Anthropogenic disturbance alters macro- and microclimatic conditions, often increasing ambient temperatures. These changes can strongly affect insects, particularly those experiencing high thermal stress (i.e., large differences between body and environmental temperature), as prolonged exposure to elevated temperatures can reduce their energetic reserves due [...] Read more.
Anthropogenic disturbance alters macro- and microclimatic conditions, often increasing ambient temperatures. These changes can strongly affect insects, particularly those experiencing high thermal stress (i.e., large differences between body and environmental temperature), as prolonged exposure to elevated temperatures can reduce their energetic reserves due to increased metabolic demands and physiological stress. We evaluated thermal stress in 16 insect dragonfly species during two sampling periods (2019 and 2022) in preserved and disturbed sites within a tropical dry forest in western Mexico. Also, we compared energetic condition (lipid and protein content) and thoracic mass for the seven most abundant species between both habitat types. In preserved sites, insects showed higher thermal stress at lower maximum temperatures, which decreased as temperatures increased. Dragonflies in disturbed sites maintained consistent levels of thermal stress across the temperature gradient. Thermal stress was linked to lower lipid and protein content, and individuals from disturbed sites had reduced energy reserves. We also found a weak but consistent positive relationship between mean ambient temperature and protein content. In preserved sites, thoracic mass increased with thermal stress, but only at high mean temperatures. These findings suggest that although species can persist in disturbed environments, their energetic condition may be compromised, potentially affecting their performance and fitness. Preserving suitable habitats is essential for preserving both biodiversity and ecological function. Full article
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