Innovations for Addressing Posttraumatic Stress and Co-occurring Conditions

A special issue of Behavioral Sciences (ISSN 2076-328X). This special issue belongs to the section "Developmental Psychology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2025) | Viewed by 4563

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Carepoint Health, Mississauga, ON L5K 2N6, Canada
Interests: PTSD; cognitive behavioral therapy; trauma recovery; social support; interpersonal interactions

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
Interests: trauma recovery; PTSD; intimate relationships; cognitive behavioral therapy; couple therapy; clinical trials

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with high rates of psychological comorbidities. Individuals with PTSD also present for treatment with factors that may interfere with their recovery, such as ongoing risks of re-exposure to trauma, substance use disorders, self-injury/suicidality, and interpersonal relationship distress. There is a need to better understand how cognitive behavioral therapies (CBT), considered the gold standard in PTSD treatment, can effectively and efficiently address these co-occurring concerns.

This Special Issue aims to identify papers on novel interventions or innovations in treatment that address PTSD and co-occurring concerns. Papers may present data on treatments that address PTSD and comorbidities such as substance use disorders, insomnia, personality disorders, eating disorders, severe mental illness, and depression. We also welcome papers on treatments and treatment innovations that address PTSD and clinically relevant issues such as support with return to work, chronic pain, racial trauma, dissociation, safety concerns, high risk of re-exposure to trauma, gender-based violence, interpersonal relationships and family distress, and traumatic brain injury/concussion, among others. We are in search of papers with both original data from treatment trials and basic science research that could have implications for treatments, as well as review papers. Of importance, these papers should describe the application of their findings to diverse populations and how diversity, equity, and inclusion are factored into treatment development or innovations.

Dr. Naomi Ennis
Dr. Candice M. Monson
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • comorbidities
  • posttraumatic stress disorder
  • CBT
  • substance use disorders
  • personality disorders
  • insomnia
  • eating disorders
  • ongoing risk

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

10 pages, 263 KiB  
Article
An Initial Examination of Couple Therapy for PTSD Outcomes Among Black/African American Adults: Findings from an Uncontrolled Trial with Military Dyads
by Steffany J. Fredman, Alyssa A. Gamaldo, August I. C. Jenkins, Yunying Le, Jacqueline A. Mogle, Candice M. Monson, Charlene E. Gamaldo, Roland J. Thorpe, Jr., Brittany N. Hall-Clark, Tabatha H. Blount, Brooke A. Fina, Orfeu M. Buxton, Christopher G. Engeland, Galena K. Rhoades, Scott M. Stanley, Alexandra Macdonald, Katherine A. Dondanville, Daniel J. Taylor, Kristi E. Pruiksma, Brett T. Litz, Stacey Young-McCaughan, Jeffrey S. Yarvis, Terence M. Keane and Alan L. Petersonadd Show full author list remove Hide full author list
Behav. Sci. 2025, 15(4), 537; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs15040537 - 16 Apr 2025
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Abstract
Black/African American individuals experience high rates of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which is frequently chronic and undertreated in this population. Intimate relationships are a salient resource for Black/African American adults’ psychological well-being. To help advance health equity, this study serves as an initial, [...] Read more.
Black/African American individuals experience high rates of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which is frequently chronic and undertreated in this population. Intimate relationships are a salient resource for Black/African American adults’ psychological well-being. To help advance health equity, this study serves as an initial, proof-of-concept investigation of patient outcomes among Black/African American adults who received a disorder-specific couple therapy for PTSD. Participants were a subsample of seven Black/African American adults (mean age = 40.56 years, SD = 10.18; 85.7% male) who participated in an uncontrolled trial of an abbreviated, intensive, multi-couple group version of cognitive-behavioral conjoint therapy for PTSD with 24 military dyads. Treatment was delivered over 2 days in a weekend retreat format. Assessments were administered at baseline, 1 month post-retreat, and 3 months post-retreat. There were large and significant decreases in patients’ PTSD symptoms based on clinicians’ and patients’ ratings (ds −1.37 and −1.36, respectively) by the 3-month follow-up relative to baseline. There were also large and significant decreases in patients’ depressive, anxiety, and anger symptoms (ds −1.39 to −1.93) and a large, marginally significant decrease in patients’ insomnia (d = −0.85; p = 0.083). Patients reported a medium, non-significant increase in relationship satisfaction (d = 0.68; p = 0.146) and a large, marginally significant increase in joint dyadic coping (d = 0.90; p = 0.069). Findings offer preliminary evidence that treating PTSD within a couple context is a relevant strategy to reduce PTSD and comorbid symptoms among partnered Black/African American adults and a promising approach to enhance relationships. Full article
9 pages, 210 KiB  
Article
Examining Virtual Delivery of Strength at Home for Intimate Partner Violence Perpetration
by Casey T. Taft, Justin K. Benzer, Megan Kopitsky and Suzannah K. Creech
Behav. Sci. 2024, 14(12), 1127; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14121127 - 25 Nov 2024
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Abstract
This study examined the effectiveness of the virtual delivery of the Strength at Home (SAH) intervention program for intimate partner violence in a sample of 605 military veterans across 69 Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Centers through a national implementation of the program. Outcome [...] Read more.
This study examined the effectiveness of the virtual delivery of the Strength at Home (SAH) intervention program for intimate partner violence in a sample of 605 military veterans across 69 Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Centers through a national implementation of the program. Outcome measures included physical IPV, psychological IPV, coercive control behaviors, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, and alcohol misuse. Significant pre-intervention to post-intervention reductions were found for all the outcomes, with similar effect size estimates relative to a prior investigation of in-person-delivered SAH through the same national VA implementation. Study findings suggest that the virtual delivery of SAH may be as effective as in-person delivery which has important implications for program access and impact. Full article
14 pages, 233 KiB  
Article
Intensive Treatment of Chronic Pain and PTSD: The PATRIOT Program
by John D. Otis, Jonathan S. Comer, Terence M. Keane, Erica Checko (Scioli) and Donna B. Pincus
Behav. Sci. 2024, 14(11), 1103; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14111103 - 16 Nov 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1513
Abstract
Military combat can result in the need for comprehensive care related to both physical and psychological trauma, most commonly chronic pain and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). These conditions tend to co-occur and result in high levels of distress and interference in everyday life. [...] Read more.
Military combat can result in the need for comprehensive care related to both physical and psychological trauma, most commonly chronic pain and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). These conditions tend to co-occur and result in high levels of distress and interference in everyday life. Thus, it is imperative to develop effective, time-efficient treatments for these conditions before they become chronic and resistant to change. We developed and pilot-tested the Pain and Trauma Intensive Outpatient Treatment (PATRIOT) Program, a brief, intensive (3 weeks, six sessions) integrated chronic pain and PTSD treatment. An overview and session-by-session outline of the PATRIOT Program is provided, followed by results from the first pilot evaluation of the PATRIOT Program’s feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy in a sample of eight participating Veterans with comorbid chronic pain and PTSD. There were no treatment dropouts. At post-treatment, there were significant reductions in PTSD symptoms based on the Clinician-Administered Assessment of PTSD (CAPS). Pain and catastrophic thinking also decreased from pre- to post-treatment. With continued investigations and support, the PATRIOT Program may offer a brief, cost-effective, and more easily accessible treatment option for individuals who could benefit from learning skills to manage pain and PTSD more effectively. Full article
14 pages, 296 KiB  
Article
Optimizing Allocation to Telehealth and In-Person Prolonged Exposure for Women Veterans with Military Sexual Trauma: A Precision Medicine Approach
by Evangelia Argyriou, Daniel F. Gros, Melba A. Hernandez Tejada, Wendy A. Muzzy and Ron Acierno
Behav. Sci. 2024, 14(11), 993; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14110993 - 24 Oct 2024
Viewed by 1327
Abstract
Military sexual trauma-related post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is highly prevalent and costly among women veterans, making the need for effective and accessible treatment of critical importance. Access to care is a key mechanism of mental health disparities and might affect differential response to [...] Read more.
Military sexual trauma-related post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is highly prevalent and costly among women veterans, making the need for effective and accessible treatment of critical importance. Access to care is a key mechanism of mental health disparities and might affect differential response to treatment. The goal of this study was to estimate an individualized treatment rule based on readily available individual characteristics related to access to care to optimize allocation to in-person vs. telehealth delivery of prolonged exposure for PTSD in military sexual trauma survivors. The following variables were used as prescriptive factors: age, race, disability status, socioeconomic status, rural vs. urban status, and baseline PTSD level. The rule was estimated using a machine-learning approach, Outcome Weighted Learning. The estimated optimal rule outperformed a one-size-fits-all rule where everyone is universally assigned to telehealth; it led to markedly lower mean PTSD levels following 6 months from treatment (VdoptVTelehealth = −14.55, 95% CI: −27.24, −1.86). However, the rule did not significantly discriminate for in-person therapy (VdoptVIn-person = −11.86, 95% CI: −25.83, 2.12). Upon further validation with larger and more diverse samples, such a rule may be applied in practice settings to aid clinical decision-making and personalization of treatment assignment. Full article
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